Expelling Design from Biology Professor Walter Bock introduces his short essay by referring to the letter Darwin wrote to Asa Gray in 1860: "I am conscious that I am in an utterly hopeless muddle. I cannot think that the world, as we see it, is the result of chance; and yet I cannot look at each separate thing as the result of design". Ernst Mayr took up the challenge and he also found a tension between his understanding of evolutionary theory and the need to use terms like "design" and "purposefulness". Mayr concluded: "Given all this, the conclusion is inevitable:...