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Is the Mysterious Siberian “X-Woman” a New Hominid Species?
Discover Magazine ^ | March 25, 2010 | Smriti Rao

Posted on 03/25/2010 9:09:33 AM PDT by 2ndDivisionVet

In 2008, archeologists working at the Denisova Cave in Siberia’s Altai Mountains discovered a tiny piece of a finger bone, believed to be a pinky, buried with ornaments in the cave. Scientists extracted the mitochondrial DNA (genetic material from the mother’s side) from the ancient bone and checked to see if its genetic code matched with the other two known forms of early hominids–Neanderthals and the ancestors of modern humans. What they found was a real surprise. The team, led by geneticist Svaante Paabo of the Max Planck Institute, discovered that the mtDNA from the finger bone matched neither–suggesting there might have been an entirely different hominid species that roamed the planet about 50,000 years ago.

Looking back at the region and the cave, where scientists earlier discovered artifacts from humans and Neanderthals, Paabo thinks that it is possible that all the three species (modern humans, Neanderthals and the mystery hominids) could have possibly met and interacted with each other. The findings, which were published in journal Nature, present an unexpected twist in the story of human evolution and migration.

Scientists say the DNA analysis also suggests that this hominid left Africa one million years ago, in a previously unsuspected migration. Anthropologists generally believe that the exodus from Africa took place in waves, starting with Homo erectus leaving 1.9 million years ago, followed by the Neanderthals between 500,000 and 300,000 years ago, and then by the modern humans who exited about 50,000 years ago. With X-woman, as the Denisova specimen has been nicknamed, the divergence date of one million years is too young to have descended from Homo erectus and too old to have been a descendant of Homo heidelbergensis, another ancient human thought to have originated around 650,000 [BBC]. Paabo and his team are now working to extract nuclear DNA from the Denisova fossil to verify their suspicion that X-woman is indeed from another species.

Physical anthropologist Ian Tattersall, who was not involved in the research, called the Denisova hominid a “significant addition” to our understanding of human evolution. “We are the only hominin around today, so we tend to think that’s how it’s always been. But the evidence is accumulating that the human evolutionary tree is quite luxuriantly branching. There were multiple species that competed in the evolutionary arena, rather than a single lineage that was honed from primitiveness to perfection” [Time].


TOPICS: History; Science; Weird Stuff
KEYWORDS: anthropology; archeology; cave; caves; denisova; denisovacave; denisovans; evolution; godsgravesglyphs; helixmakemineadouble; neandertal; neandertals; neanderthal; neanderthals; russia; science; siberia; spelunkers; spelunking
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We keep finding out how little we really know.
1 posted on 03/25/2010 9:09:33 AM PDT by 2ndDivisionVet
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To: 2ndDivisionVet

Let’s start a pool. How many posts before someone posts THE picture of Helen? I say 5


2 posted on 03/25/2010 9:14:44 AM PDT by April Lexington (Study the constitution so you know what they are taking away!)
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To: 2ndDivisionVet

ping for later. Unfortunately I have to go have lunch with my hominid friends right now.


3 posted on 03/25/2010 9:16:44 AM PDT by brytlea (Jesus loves me, this I know.)
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To: 2ndDivisionVet

I am not so sure on this one. I recall some ancient monkey or lemur was found a year or so ago and trumpeted as being a human ancestor. Now the reports are it is some ancient monkey or lemur which is the ancestor of other monkeys or lemurs.

In other news Bill Clinton says he would go out with her.


4 posted on 03/25/2010 9:17:11 AM PDT by dominic flandry
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To: 2ndDivisionVet
Laugh it up fuzzball...
5 posted on 03/25/2010 9:17:26 AM PDT by Vaquero (BHO....'The Pretenda from Kenya')
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To: 2ndDivisionVet
When asked for comments, Homelend Security Secretary Janet Napolitano repsonded that she was not an X-woman as had previosuly been reported, but rather simply an ex-woman.


6 posted on 03/25/2010 9:18:17 AM PDT by pepsi_junkie (Who is John Galt?)
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To: 2ndDivisionVet
There is no doubt that Siberian X Women are alive today.


7 posted on 03/25/2010 9:19:42 AM PDT by BigEdLB (Now there ARE 1,000,000 regrets - but it may be too late.)
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To: April Lexington

Let’s start a pool. How many posts before someone posts SHE was black and related to Obama.


8 posted on 03/25/2010 9:23:55 AM PDT by Vaduz
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To: 2ndDivisionVet
I am no DNA expert but this article leaves me with more questions than it answers. A small bone could easily be contaminated. Even with Neanderthal they are doing over 25 individuals complete DNA to get a baseline of the DNA. There can be no baseline with one sample especially a small piece of bone. Bone is not a good source of DNA. I am mostly skeptical because of Nebraska man, Lucy, Hobbit....
9 posted on 03/25/2010 9:25:15 AM PDT by mountainlion (concerned conservative.)
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To: mountainlion

mtDNA is different. I believe there are only a few thousand base pairs in it.


10 posted on 03/25/2010 9:28:34 AM PDT by djf (Justice delayed is justice denied.)
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To: Vaduz

Be careful, I am related to Obama, but I am not black.


11 posted on 03/25/2010 9:29:29 AM PDT by BigEdLB (Now there ARE 1,000,000 regrets - but it may be too late.)
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To: Vaduz

Gruss Alois fur mich!


12 posted on 03/25/2010 9:31:19 AM PDT by April Lexington (Study the constitution so you know what they are taking away!)
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To: djf
mtDNA is different. I believe there are only a few thousand base pairs in it.
That should simplify things. I did not realize it was so small. There still needs to be several individuals to check to get a good base.
13 posted on 03/25/2010 9:33:11 AM PDT by mountainlion (concerned conservative.)
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To: 2ndDivisionVet
Another article on the same topic....

Gene research reveals fourth human species

14 posted on 03/25/2010 9:37:16 AM PDT by mewzilla (Still voteless in NY-29)
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To: BigEdLB

Ain’t we all? see media.


15 posted on 03/25/2010 9:43:05 AM PDT by Vaduz
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To: 2ndDivisionVet; April Lexington

2nd Div, thanks for posting these items, yea April, your probab;y right. Like to know how those DNA markers differ.In going back to these eolithic age sagas where was the present continent of Antartica located ?


16 posted on 03/25/2010 9:49:06 AM PDT by mosesdapoet ("There's still no MSM mention of Obama's extravagant life style while millions are unemployed")
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To: 2ndDivisionVet

I’ve read about cryptozoologists claiming a “remnant population” of neanderthals living in Russia...They claim the locals call them ‘alma’.


17 posted on 03/25/2010 10:05:38 AM PDT by kaylar (It's MARTIAL law. Not marshal(l) or marital! This has been a spelling PSA. PS Secede not succeed)
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To: Vaduz
Mareen DuVall

This Duvall fellow is also my ancestor....
18 posted on 03/25/2010 12:02:55 PM PDT by BigEdLB (Now there ARE 1,000,000 regrets - but it may be too late.)
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To: Vaduz
AND... living is subsidized housing in Boston!
19 posted on 03/25/2010 7:29:55 PM PDT by April Lexington (Study the constitution so you know what they are taking away!)
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To: kaylar
I’ve read about cryptozoologists claiming a “remnant population” of neanderthals living in Russia...They claim the locals call them ‘alma’.

Man... there is a fabulous ethnic joke buried in here...

20 posted on 03/25/2010 7:31:10 PM PDT by April Lexington (Study the constitution so you know what they are taking away!)
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