Pyrethroids are extensively used insecticides by virtue of insecticidal activity potential in Asia, especially India, and in different nations worldwide to counter mosquitoes and insects for household or agricultural needs. The continuous widespread and uncontrolled use of pyrethroids and its derivatives have influenced multiple deleterious effects resulting in a potential risk factor causing damage to organ systems. Allethrin and prallethrin are extensively used, yet their influences on human primary cells are very limited or under-reported. The potential mechanisms by which allethrin and prallethrin modulates human primary cells, especially the molecular mechanisms or interconnectivity of autophagy-apoptosis, and their clinical relevance in...