On Monday, January 11 the Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association. The plaintiffs, teachers in California public schools, challenge the constitutionality of a rule that they must pay dues to the C.T.A. to keep their jobs, even though they don't choose to join the union and object to the way it uses money involuntarily taken from them to advance political causes they oppose. This raises First Amendment issues, since it protects not only the right to speak freely against governmental interference, but also protects the right not to be compelled to speak. By taking dues...