A 3-month randomized clinical trial (RCT) assessed the effectiveness of four dietary interventions compared to a calorie-restricted Mediterranean diet in promoting weight loss in adults with obesity. The study enrolled 160 adults aged 18–65 with a BMI of 30–45 kg/m², excluding individuals with diabetes or other major comorbidities. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five diet groups, each designed to create a daily energy deficit of 600 kcal:Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) – control group following a traditional meal plan and schedule.Ketogenic diet (KD) – very low in carbohydrates and high in fat, without time restrictions.Early time-restricted eating (eTRE) – meals...