Sanae Takaichi, who is likely to become Japan's first female prime minister, is a conservative politician who has hailed former U.K. premier Margaret Thatcher and once worked in the U.S. Congress. On Saturday, Takaichi was elected leader of the governing Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) following a runoff vote. Why It Matters If confirmed by parliament, Takaichi will become Japan's fifth prime minister in five years and the first woman to hold the office in the country's history. Her policies have included a tough stance on immigration, and as the head of government, she would have to navigate domestic and economic...