The 2025 Ligonier Ministries State of Theology survey (conducted with LifeWay Research) found that 36% of U.S. evangelicals reject the statement “Everyone is born innocent in the eyes of God”, implying they affirm original sin (born in a state of guilt and corruption due to Adam's fall). This is the closest indicator, as belief in original sin directly entails death as its consequence (e.g., spiritual and physical separation from God). Conversely, 64% affirmed born innocence, denying original sin and its effects like death.