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Alexander the Great Killed by Toxic Bacteria?
Discovery News ^ | Friday, July 16, 2010 | Rossella Lorenzi

Posted on 07/19/2010 6:39:05 PM PDT by SunkenCiv

The Styx River, the legendary portal to the underworld, harbors a deadly bacteria that may have ended Alexander's life. An extraordinarily toxic bacterium harbored by the "infernal" Styx River might have been the fabled poison rumored to have killed Alexander the Great (356 - 323 B.C.) more than 2,000 years ago, according to a scientific-meets-mythic detective study... reviews ancient literary evidence on the Styx poison in light of modern geology and toxicology. According to the study, calicheamicin, a secondary metabolite of Micromonospora echinospora, is what gave the river its toxic reputation... Another account by the Greek geographer Pausanias (110 - 180) reported that the river could ruin crystal, pottery and bronze. "(The) only thing able to resist corrosion is the hoof of a mule or horse," he wrote. "Indeed, no ancient writer ever casts doubt on the existence of a deadly poison from the Styx River," Mayor, author of the Mithradates biography "The Poison King," said. The researchers believe this mythic poison must be calicheamicin... Now called Mavroneri, "Black Water," the Styx originates in the high mountains of Achaia, Greece. Its cold waters cascade over a limestone crag to form the second highest waterfall in Greece... Whether Alexander really died from poisoning, as some of his closest friends believed, is pure speculation, Mayor and Hayes concede.... Retrodiagnoses for his mysterious death have included poisoning, heavy drinking, septicemia, pancreatitis, malaria, West Nile fever, typhoid, and accidental or deliberate poisoning (hellebore, arsenic, aconite, strychnine).

(Excerpt) Read more at news.discovery.com ...


TOPICS: History; Science; Travel
KEYWORDS: alexanderthegreat; godsgravesglyphs
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1 posted on 07/19/2010 6:39:10 PM PDT by SunkenCiv
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To: StayAt HomeMother; Ernest_at_the_Beach; 21twelve; 240B; 24Karet; 2ndDivisionVet; 31R1O; 3AngelaD; ..

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2 posted on 07/19/2010 6:41:04 PM PDT by SunkenCiv ("Fools learn from experience. I prefer to learn from the experience of others." -- Otto von Bismarck)
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To: SunkenCiv

Maybe it was Aids...don’t all the gay rags claim he was one of them?


3 posted on 07/19/2010 6:41:16 PM PDT by jessduntno ("Conservatism is the antidote to tyranny...its principles are the founding principles." - LevinHey,)
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To: SunkenCiv

I thought he died of malaria. That can kill quite quickly.


4 posted on 07/19/2010 6:43:15 PM PDT by Jemian
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To: SunkenCiv

I thought he died of alcohol poisoning.


5 posted on 07/19/2010 6:44:17 PM PDT by BipolarBob (Even the earth is bipolar.)
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To: jessduntno

He gargled on his best friend’s private parts, yes, but AIDS is a recent phenom.


6 posted on 07/19/2010 6:46:34 PM PDT by SunkenCiv ("Fools learn from experience. I prefer to learn from the experience of others." -- Otto von Bismarck)
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To: BipolarBob

We do know he died. From something.


7 posted on 07/19/2010 6:46:59 PM PDT by handmade
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To: handmade

...and from all accounts that I’ve been able to locate, he’s still dead.


8 posted on 07/19/2010 6:54:46 PM PDT by Ramius (Personally, I give us... one chance in three. More tea?)
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To: SunkenCiv
"He gargled on his best friend’s private parts"

Paul swore by the Cream of Sum Yung Gai.

9 posted on 07/19/2010 6:55:44 PM PDT by fieldmarshaldj (~"This is what happens when you find a stranger in the Amber Lamps !"~~)
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To: SunkenCiv

He lived fast and left a good-looking corpse is all we really know.


10 posted on 07/19/2010 7:06:05 PM PDT by Amberdawn
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To: handmade

I can’t think of anybody his age who is still alive!


11 posted on 07/19/2010 7:18:47 PM PDT by DariusBane (Even the Rocks shall cry out "Hobamma to the Highest")
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To: SunkenCiv

Seems like I read somewhere he died of a lingering infection caused by a severe chest wound.


12 posted on 07/19/2010 7:48:45 PM PDT by GenXteacher (He that hath no stomach for this fight, let him depart!)
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To: SunkenCiv

The author doesn’t even speculate on how water from a river in Greece could get to Persia to poison Alexander.


13 posted on 07/19/2010 8:02:46 PM PDT by wildbill (You're just jealous because the Voices talk only to me.)
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To: handmade

“We do know he died. From something.”

You sure?
Might have been that one of his seers got a peek at the future with the IRS in it and ol’ Alex decided to get a head start on hiding... or... what do they call it? Drop off the grid? Yeah. I think that’s it.


14 posted on 07/20/2010 1:55:11 AM PDT by Grimmy (equivocation is but the first step along the road to capitulation)
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To: Grimmy

head start on hiding-drop off the grid

Could be- however if so he missed the boat entirely- think of the gazillions he could make if he sold his solution/potion or whatever he had- to live so long.


15 posted on 07/20/2010 7:26:47 AM PDT by handmade
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To: GenXteacher

I think he caught an arrow in the chest while storming a fortified city that was blocking his fleet’s move down the Indus to the ocean. There was also a long overland march through a desert while the fleet moved parallel to the line-of-march. That couldn’t have been good for a sucking chest wound. Plus you can bet everyone had malaria.


16 posted on 07/20/2010 12:41:44 PM PDT by Tallguy ("The sh- t's chess, it ain't checkers!" -- Alonzo (Denzel Washington) in "Training Day")
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To: wildbill; SunkenCiv
I was wondering the same thing. Alexander was away from Greece for years on campaign. He managed all that after being poisoned by that water?

Plus, the article indicates they've not even sampled the water from that stream. It's all sheer speculation. They also conflate mythology about the stream in Hades and its effects on the Gods with the speculation about actual stream that according to legend was the source of the mythical river.

They might think about Occam's Razor and look at all those years on the march or the very hard party life he enjoyed after his conquests or someone using a poison available in Babylon as more likely causes.

17 posted on 07/20/2010 1:38:40 PM PDT by colorado tanker
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To: SunkenCiv

Incidentally, Alexander was planning a campaign to conquer Arabia at the time of his death. What would the history of the Arabs have been like if they had been absorbed into a Hellenistic kingdom??


18 posted on 07/20/2010 1:39:56 PM PDT by colorado tanker
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To: colorado tanker

It didn’t seem to do the folk of Bactria (Afghanistan and Pakistan) a lot of good.....


19 posted on 07/20/2010 2:39:24 PM PDT by GenXteacher (He that hath no stomach for this fight, let him depart!)
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To: GenXteacher
Just thinking out loud. If the Hejaz had been part of the Roman or a Persian empire, does Mohammad have space to unite the tribes in a military organization? Does that even get off the ground?
20 posted on 07/20/2010 4:16:43 PM PDT by colorado tanker
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