Mary E Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi won the 2025 Nobel Prize in medicine for their discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet announced on Monday. Two US-based scientists and their Japanese peer, Mary E Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi, won the 2025 Nobel Prize in medicine, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet announced on Monday. The three were awarded for "their groundbreaking discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance that prevents the immune system from harming the body," the institute said in a statement. Brunkow, 64, is a senior programme manager at the Institute for...