This research was conducted in the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute.: As targets of information aggression, the United States and its European allies must protect themselves against the effects of psychological manipulation and influence. The authors describe apparent efforts by Russia and its agents to use information to shape Russia's operating environment, and they identify possible defensive approaches for United States European Command and its partners. Research Questions: 1- What content is produced and disseminated by Russia and its agents? 2- How do Russia and its agents manipulate information? 3- What is...