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Into the mind of a Neanderthal
New Scientist ^ | Wednesday, January 18, 2012 | Thomas Wynn

Posted on 01/21/2012 5:48:42 AM PST by SunkenCiv

Palaeoanthropologists now know a great deal about these ice-age Europeans who flourished between 200,000 and 30,000 years ago. We know, for example, that Neanderthals shared about 99.84 per cent of their DNA with us, and that we and they evolved separately for several hundred thousand years. We also know Neanderthal brains were a bit larger than ours and were shaped a bit differently. And we know where they lived, what they ate and how they got it.

Skeletal evidence shows that Neanderthal men, women and children led very strenuous lives, preoccupied with hunting large mammals. They often made tactical use of terrain features to gain as much advantage as possible, but administered the coup de grace with thrusting spears. Based on their choice of stone for tools, we know they almost never travelled outside small home territories that were rarely over 1000 square kilometres.

The Neanderthal style of hunting often resulted in injuries, and the victims were often nursed back to health by others. But few would have survived serious lower body injuries, since individuals who could not walk might well have been abandoned. It looks as if Neanderthals had well-developed way-finding and tactical abilities, and empathy for group members, but also that they made pragmatic decisions when necessary.

Looking closely at the choices Neanderthals made when they manufactured and used tools shows that they organised their technical activities much as artisans, such as blacksmiths, organise their production. Like blacksmiths, they relied on "expert" cognition, a form of observational learning and practice acquired through apprenticeship that relies heavily on long-term procedural memory.

(Excerpt) Read more at newscientist.com ...


TOPICS: History; Science; Travel
KEYWORDS: godsgravesglyphs; neandertal; neandertals; neanderthal; neanderthals
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To: sphinx
We know pi is only approximate. That means all answers employing pi are approximate....a mathematicians nightmare.

That has always upset me. I'm still sick about it.

21 posted on 01/21/2012 7:01:26 AM PST by Sacajaweau
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To: sphinx

Fencing? Knowing how many trees to cut down, etc. to enclose the land?

Sundials? Making ‘em small, and big for the EEEvil 1%?


22 posted on 01/21/2012 7:01:31 AM PST by treetopsandroofs (Had FDR been GOP, there would have been no World Wars, just "The Great War" and "Roosevelt's Wars".)
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To: sphinx
But what about pi?

Maybe they were inspired to find this ratio by observing a full moon?

23 posted on 01/21/2012 7:03:19 AM PST by gcraig (Freedom isn't free)
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To: Sacajaweau

Man invernted not just the wheel, but the also the pole required to make use of the new found technology.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFTttl4Bmz4


24 posted on 01/21/2012 7:18:35 AM PST by Deaf Smith
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To: SoCal Pubbie; Sacajaweau; treetopsandroofs; gcraig
Thanks for the speculations. There will probably be more. It's an interesting puzzle. In my modest attempts to find an answer, I've stumped quite a few math teachers as well as several acquaintances with heavy-duty professional math credentials (a couple of physicists, a math Ph.D doing advanced acoustic work for the Navy, a couple of other scientists -- no slouches). No answers so far, so I thought I'd pose it here, at the world's greatest font of obscure knowledge.

I do like SoCalPubbie's speculation, but on reflection, there's an obvious problem. If the aliens taught the ancients to levitate rocks to build large structures, they would risk the power of pi being turned on themselves, with large rocks and even astroids being hurled intergallactically to smash the home plant. This is presumably how the Bugs did it in Starship Troopers -- is there a more plausible explanation? -- and since the aliens had undoubtedly time-travelled, we must assume they'd seen the movie and would know better than to incur that risk. So as attractive as your theory is, I'm still open for additional explanations.

The ancients had their fair share of Einsteins. I don't know how the uber-brilliant think, but perhaps such questions just occur naturally to them as they sit around fires poking at the coals with a stick: "H'm. The ratio of the circumference of a circle to the diameter. That's an interesting question. I wonder if I could figure it out, and without algebra and decimal notation. That would be way cool." If you are smart enough, maybe you really think that way. But I'm still looking for a more mundane theory.

25 posted on 01/21/2012 7:31:06 AM PST by sphinx
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To: SunkenCiv

The interesting thing not mentioned here is that Black Africans are the only major group in the world that supposedly does not carry Neanderthal genes. This may sound racist, but since Africa is the most backward continent, contrary to the author’s conclusion, perhaps the Neanderthals bestowed a higher intelligence on us. They did have bigger brains.


26 posted on 01/21/2012 7:32:18 AM PST by The Sons of Liberty (Psalm 109:8 Let his days be few and let another take his office. - Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin)
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To: Deaf Smith

You made my day. My son is in advertising. I sent it to him!!


27 posted on 01/21/2012 7:36:40 AM PST by Sacajaweau
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To: sphinx

“My question is, what interested them in pi to begin with?”

Had to do with hat sizes.


28 posted on 01/21/2012 7:59:35 AM PST by Dr. Bogus Pachysandra ( Ya can't pick up a turd by the clean end!)
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To: vladimir998

***No, you’re guessing with a tiny bit of evidence.***

I have read that the one item never found in a Neanderthal site is a bone needle. As a result some say they were covered with a coat of hair.

I’ve seen a few people who would almost fit their description.


29 posted on 01/21/2012 8:02:20 AM PST by Ruy Dias de Bivar ( P!$$ on the Taliban. Issue MORE BEER!)
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To: PLMerite

****Obama-Romney care in Bedrock.****

Then there is that little problem with cannibalism of the dead, or was that Homo Erectus.


30 posted on 01/21/2012 8:05:52 AM PST by Ruy Dias de Bivar ( P!$$ on the Taliban. Issue MORE BEER!)
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To: Sacajaweau

This is all a good story, but in reality all that matters in the world is if Newt asked for an open marriage.


31 posted on 01/21/2012 8:07:29 AM PST by The_Media_never_lie
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To: SunkenCiv

When I saw the title, I thought it was going to be a slur on the Tea Party.


32 posted on 01/21/2012 8:09:10 AM PST by Daveinyork
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To: Ruy Dias de Bivar

33 posted on 01/21/2012 8:12:28 AM PST by Liberty Valance (Keep a simple manner for a happy life :o)
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To: SunkenCiv
In the final count, when Neanderthals and modern humans found themselves competing across the European landscape 30,000 years ago, those cognitive differences may well have been decisive in seeing off the Neanderthals.

"Competing" is an euphemism. Human evolution is driven by tribal warfare. We didn't out-hunt the Neanderthals, we killed them off. Mainstream anthroplogists avoid that subject like the plague.

There is little evidence the Neanderthals were religious, while the modern humans were. That doomed the Neanderthals because religion provides a significant competitive advantage in tribal warfare. Mainstream anthropologists have selective hearing on that subject also.

34 posted on 01/21/2012 8:47:50 AM PST by Reeses
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To: Sacajaweau

Sometimes the application of new technology, such as the invention of the wheel takes a long time to be fully appreciated.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WX8Du9pusdA


35 posted on 01/21/2012 9:26:48 AM PST by Deaf Smith
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To: Deaf Smith

The face in #1 looks sort of like Mel Brooks.


36 posted on 01/21/2012 9:55:05 AM PST by marsh2
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To: Reeses

Neandertal didn’t go extinct, Neandertal has over a billion living ancestors.


37 posted on 01/21/2012 4:03:51 PM PST by SunkenCiv (FReep this FReepathon!)
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To: mountainlion

Strange how your post contained so many imaginary things as if they were facts.


38 posted on 01/21/2012 4:19:13 PM PST by SunkenCiv (FReep this FReepathon!)
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To: SunkenCiv

Kinda like evolution and global warming. There are always at least two sides to a story and usually many more. I can’t remember the guy on the radio that had a book out on his dental observations. You can do your fact check on the PBS show quite easily.


39 posted on 01/21/2012 5:08:51 PM PST by mountainlion (I am voting for Sarah after getting screwed again by the DC Thugs.)
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To: SunkenCiv
Neanderthals shared about 99.84 per cent of their DNA with us

If geneticists are to be believed, we shared 100 percent of our DNA with some of their women!

40 posted on 01/21/2012 5:13:36 PM PST by Defiant (If there are infinite parallel universes, why Lord, am I living in the one with Obama as President?)
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