Mass circumcision ceremonies in South Africa have left more than 43 boys dead and dozens more mutilated. The rituals – known in the country as ‘Ulwaluko’ – are carried out twice a year at initiation schools with the intention of preparing young men for adulthood. When the youngsters arrive, they are taken away from their families and smothered in white clay. They then spend three weeks transitioning from boys to men before being returned home. As part of the ceremony, the initiates are meant to be circumcised by traditional surgeons who have years of experience. But many circumcisions are instead...