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Keyword: stringtheory

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  • The Orbit of a Sun-Like Star Reveals The Nearest Black Hole Ever Found

    09/20/2022 11:33:21 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 25 replies
    Science Alert ^ | 20 September 2022 | By MATT WILLIAMS, UNIVERSE TODAY
    Sun-like star co-orbiting with black hole Gaia BH1 is a Sun-like star co-orbiting with a black hole estimated at 10 times the Sun's mass. (ESO/L. Calcada) In 1916, Karl Schwarzchild theorized the existence of black holes as a resolution to Einstein's field equations for his Theory of General Relativity. By the mid-20th century, astronomers began detecting black holes for the first time using indirect methods, which consisted of observing their effects on surrounding objects and space. Since the 1980s, scientists have studied supermassive black holes (SMBHs), which reside at the center of most massive galaxies in the Universe. And by...
  • Scientists create matter from nothing in groundbreaking experiment

    09/18/2022 9:42:30 PM PDT · by BenLurkin · 108 replies
    BGR ^ | September 18th, 2022 at 9:02 AM | Joshua Hawkins
    We know that colliding two particles in empty space can sometimes cause additional particles to emerge. There are even theories that a strong enough electromagnetic field could create matter and antimatter out of nothing itself. Big Think reports, in early 2022, a group of researchers created strong enough electric fields in their laboratory to level the unique properties of a material known as graphene. With these fields, the researchers were able to enable the spontaneous creation of particle-antiparticle pairs from nothing at all. This proved that creating matter from nothing is indeed possible, a theory first proposed by Julian Schwinger,...
  • MICROSCOPE Spacecraft’s Most Precise Test of Key Component of the Theory of General Relativity

    09/14/2022 8:17:05 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 19 replies
    Scitech Daily ^ | SEPTEMBER 14, 2022 | By AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
    The Microscope satellite, a CNES mission with ESA cooperation to test the universality of freefall. The equivalence principle states that all objects should fall freely under gravity at the same rate, independent of their mass and composition, and is the founding principle of General Relativity, Albert Einstein’s theory of gravity. This principle has been tested by experiments on the ground, confirming with an accuracy of 1013 that objects with different characteristics experience the same acceleration from Earth’s gravity. By taking the experiment into space, Microscope will extend the range of measurements to an accuracy of 1015, enabling scientists to...
  • A new experimental study tackles the unsolved mystery of 'nanobubbles'

    09/14/2022 7:52:11 AM PDT · by BenLurkin · 5 replies
    phys.org ^ | 09/13/2022 | Ingrid Fadelli
    Nanobubbles are extremely small (i.e., nanoscopic) gaseous cavities that some physicists observed in aqueous solutions, typically after specific substances were dissolved in them. While some studies reported the observation of these incredibly tiny bubbles, some scientists have argued that they are merely solid or oily residues formed during experiments. Researchers at Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Monterrey and Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas Unidad Monterrey in Mexico have recently carried out an experiment aimed at further investigating the nature of these elusive and mysterious objects, specifically when xenon and krypton were dissolved in water. Their study, featured...
  • SCIENTISTS PUZZLED BECAUSE JAMES WEBB IS SEEING STUFF THAT SHOULDN'T BE THERE. "THE MODELS JUST DON'T PREDICT THIS..."

    08/30/2022 3:45:27 PM PDT · by aimhigh · 153 replies
    The Byte ^ | 08/30/2022 | MAGGIE HARRISON
    Over the past several weeks, NASA's ultra-powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has allowed humankind some unprecedented glimpses into the farthest reaches of our universe. And unsurprisingly, some of these dazzling new observations have raised more questions than they've answered.For a long time, for instance, scientists believed the universe's earliest, oldest galaxies to be small, slightly chaotic, and misshapen systems. But according to the Washington Post, JWST-captured imagery has revealed those galaxies to be shockingly massive, not to mention balanced and well-formed — a finding that challenges, and will likely rewrite, long-held understandings about the origins of our universe. "The...
  • Quantum Birth of the Universe

    08/28/2022 5:52:37 PM PDT · by LibWhacker · 42 replies
    Daily Galaxy ^ | 8/27/2022 | Avi Shporer
    “In some pockets of space, far beyond the limits of our observations,” wrote cosmologist Dan Hooper at the University of Chicago in an email to The Daily Galaxy, referring to the theory of eternal inflation and the inflationary multiverse: “the laws of physics could be very different from those we find in our local universe. Different forms of matter could exist, which experience different kinds of forces. In this sense, what we call ‘the laws of physics’, instead of being a universal fact of nature, could be an environmental fact, which varies from place to place, or from time to...
  • The Big Bang didn't happen

    08/17/2022 1:12:26 PM PDT · by PJ-Comix · 126 replies
    iai News ^ | August 11, 2022 | Eric J. Lerner
    To everyone who sees them, the new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) images of the cosmos are beautifully awe-inspiring. But to most professional astronomers and cosmologists, they are also extremely surprising—not at all what was predicted by theory. In the flood of technical astronomical papers published online since July 12, the authors report again and again that the images show surprisingly many galaxies, galaxies that are surprisingly smooth, surprisingly small and surprisingly old. Lots of surprises, and not necessarily pleasant ones. One paper’s title begins with the candid exclamation: “Panic!”Why do the JWST’s images inspire panic among cosmologists? And what...
  • NASA’s Fermi Confirms Star Wreck as Source of Extreme Cosmic Particles

    08/11/2022 1:00:24 PM PDT · by Red Badger · 10 replies
    NASA ^ | Staff
    Astronomers have long sought the launch sites for some of the highest-energy protons in our galaxy. Now a study using 12 years of data from NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope confirms that one supernova remnant is just such a place. Explore how astronomers located a supernova remnant that fires up protons to energies 10 times greater than the most powerful particle accelerator on Earth. VIDEO AT LINK................... Credits: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Fermi has shown that the shock waves of exploded stars boost particles to speeds comparable to that of light. Called cosmic rays, these particles mostly take the...
  • 'Schrodinger's Galaxy Candidate' Is JWST's Latest Deep Space Puzzle to Solve...It could break our current understanding of the early universe, but there's a catch.

    08/08/2022 8:55:50 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 30 replies
    CNet ^ | Aug. 8, 2022 3:03 a.m. PT | Jackson Ryan
    spiral galaxies and distant galaxies are visible against the black void of space A small portion of deep space observed by JWST. NASA/STScI/CEERS/TACC/S. Finkelstein/M. Bagley/Z. Levay Astronomers armed with early data obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are hunting galaxies that existed just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. Rohan Naidu, an astrophysicist based at Harvard's and Smithsonian's jointly operated Center for Astrophysics, and his colleagues have been particularly good at uncovering these cosmic relics. Just a few days after the JWST's first images were beamed across the planet in July, Naidu and his collaborators...
  • Scientists Reveal The First Images of Atoms 'Swimming' in Liquid

    08/01/2022 10:47:25 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 25 replies
    Science Alert ^ | 1 AUGUST 2022 | MICHELLE STARR
    The motion of single atoms through liquid has been caught on camera for the first time. Using a sandwich of materials so thin they're effectively two-dimensional, scientists trapped and observed platinum atoms 'swimming' along a surface under different pressures. The results will help us better understand how the presence of liquid alters the behavior of a solid with which it is in contact – which, in turn, has implications that could in the development of new substances and materials. "Given the widespread industrial and scientific importance of such behavior it is truly surprising how much we still have to learn...
  • Physics Mystery Solved: Findings Could “Revolutionize” Our Understanding of Distance

    07/27/2022 12:44:59 PM PDT · by Red Badger · 62 replies
    https://scitechdaily.com ^ | JULY 26, 2022 | By PURDUE UNIVERSITY
    The researchers discovered that a new theoretical framework to unify Hermitian and non-Hermitian physics is established by the duality between non-Hermiticity and curved spaces. A physics puzzle is resolved through a new duality. According to traditional thinking, distorting a flat space by bending it or stretching it is necessary to create a curved space. A group of scientists at Purdue University has developed a new technique for making curved spaces that also provides the answer to a physics mystery. The team has developed a method using non-Hermiticity, which occurs in all systems coupled to environments, to build a hyperbolic surface...
  • Reality doesn’t exist until you measure it, quantum parlor trick confirms

    07/22/2022 11:35:03 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 57 replies
    https://www.science.org ^ | 20 JUL 20225:50 PM | BY ADRIAN CHO
    Two players leverage quantum rules to achieve a seemingly telepathic connection It only looks like telepathy, but a quantum game harpoons our usual sense of reality. ==================================================================== The Moon isn’t necessarily there if you don’t look at it. So says quantum mechanics, which states that what exists depends on what you measure. Proving reality is like that usually involves the comparison of arcane probabilities, but physicists in China have made the point in a clearer way. They performed a matching game in which two players leverage quantum effects to win every time—which they can’t if measurements merely reveal reality as...
  • Strange new phase of matter created in quantum computer acts like it has two time dimensions [sort of]

    07/21/2022 9:30:48 AM PDT · by BenLurkin · 21 replies
    Phys.org ^ | JULY 20, 2022 | Simons Foundation
    By shining a laser pulse sequence inspired by the Fibonacci numbers at atoms inside a quantum computer, physicists have created a remarkable, never-before-seen phase of matter. The phase has the benefits of two time dimensions despite there still being only one singular flow of time... This mind-bending property offers a sought-after benefit: Information stored in the phase is far more protected against errors than with alternative setups currently used in quantum computers. As a result, the information can exist without getting garbled for much longer, an important milestone for making quantum computing viable, says study lead author Philipp Dumitrescu. The...
  • “Black Hole Police” Discover Needle in a Haystack: A Dormant Black Hole Outside Our Galaxy

    07/18/2022 8:56:26 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 19 replies
    https://scitechdaily.com ^ | By EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY (ESO) JULY 18, 2022
    Black Hole Police Spot Extragalactic Black Hole Using the Very Large Telescope, astronomers have discovered a stellar-mass black hole in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a neighbor galaxy to our own. A stellar-mass black hole in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a neighbor galaxy to our own, has been found by a team of international experts, renowned for debunking several black hole discoveries. “For the first time, our team got together to report on a black hole discovery, instead of rejecting one,” says project leader Tomer Shenar. Furthermore, they discovered that the star that gave rise to the black hole vanished with...
  • Chemists Just Rearranged Atomic Bonds in a Single Molecule For The First Time

    07/18/2022 9:03:25 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 29 replies
    https://www.sciencealert.com ^ | MIKE MCRAE - 18 JULY 2022
    Bent alkyne (left), diradical (center) and cyclobutadiene molecules under atomic force microscopy. (Leo Gross/IBM) If chemists built cars, they'd fill a factory with car parts, set it on fire, and sift from the ashes pieces that now looked vaguely car-like. When you're dealing with car-parts the size of atoms, this is a perfectly reasonable process. Yet chemists yearn for ways to reduce the waste and make reactions far more precise. Chemical engineering has taken a step forward, with researchers from the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain, the University of Regensburg in Germany, and IBM Research Europe forcing a...
  • Dark Matter: Is a Revolution Coming to Physics?

    07/17/2022 12:56:29 PM PDT · by BenLurkin · 123 replies
    scitechdaily.com ^ | JULY 15, 2022
    Newton’s Theory of Gravity explains most large-scale events fairly well. ... However, the theory is not foolproof. Einstein’s theories of general and special relativity, for example, explained data that Newton’s theory couldn’t. Scientists still use Newton’s theory because it works in the overwhelming majority of cases and has much simpler equations. Dark matter was proposed as a way to reconcile Newtonian physics with the data. But what if, instead of reconciliation, a modified theory is needed.... Mordehai Milgrom...developed a theory of gravity (called Modified Newtonian Dynamics or “Mond” for short) in 1982 that postulates gravity functions differently when it becomes...
  • Astronomers Have Spotted a Record-Breaking Magnetic Field in Space, And It's Epic

    07/15/2022 8:26:08 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 25 replies
    https://www.sciencealert.com ^ | 15 JULY 2022 | MIKE MCRAE
    A pulsar with its jets and magnetic fields (NASA) ====================================================================== Far out in the Milky Way, roughly 22,000 light years from Earth, a star unlike any other roars with a magnetic force that beats anything physicists have ever seen. At a whopping 1.6 billion Tesla, a pulsar called Swift J0243.6+6124 smashes the previous records of around 1 billion Tesla, discovered surrounding the pulsars GRO J1008-57 and 1A 0535+262. For a bit of context, your average novelty fridge magnet comes in at around 0.001 Tesla. The more powerful MRI machines manage to hit around 3 Tesla. A few years ago, engineers...
  • Deep Space 'Ghost Particle' Reveals Clue In Centuries-old Cosmic Mystery Scientists tracked a neutrino back to a violent black hole -- and it could help explain where elusive cosmic rays originate.

    07/15/2022 11:20:02 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 18 replies
    CNet ^ | July 15, 2022 10:16 a.m. PT | Monisha Ravisetti
    A fiery-looking, red-orange energetic jet blasting bright light from the center of a galaxy. An artist's illustration of neutrinos originating from a high-energy Blazar Benjamin Amend, Clemson University Born in the cradle of deep space, blasting across the universe at nearly the speed of light and harnessing energy up to a million times greater than anything achieved by the world's most powerful particle accelerator, cosmic rays are atom fragments that relentlessly rain down on Earth. They get caught in our atmosphere and mess up our satellites. They threaten the health of astronauts living in orbit, even when sparse in number....
  • Researchers reveal an unexpected feature of atomic nuclei when a 'magic' number of neutrons is reached

    07/15/2022 12:51:22 PM PDT · by Red Badger · 24 replies
    https://techxplore.com ^ | 15 JULY 2022 | by Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Caption:When measuring a nucleus with a certain “magic” number of neutrons — 82 — the magnetic field of the nucleus exhibits a drastic change, and the properties of these very complex nuclei appear to be governed by just one of the protons of the nucleus. Credit: Adam Vernon ================================================================================================== A curious thing happened when MIT researchers Adam Vernon and Ronald Garcia Ruiz, along an international team of scientists, recently performed an experiment in which a sensitive laser spectroscopy technique was used to measure how the nuclear electromagnetic properties of indium isotopes evolve when an extreme number of neutrons are added...
  • Next Week, Webb Will Make History. The Teaser Image Is Already Breaking Our Brains

    07/08/2022 7:05:23 AM PDT · by Red Badger · 36 replies
    https://www.sciencealert.com ^ | 8 JULY 2022 | Staff & NASA
    NASA has a provided a tantalizing teaser photo ahead of the highly-anticipated release next week of the first deep-space images from the James Webb Telescope – an instrument so powerful it can peer back into the origins of the Universe. An engineering test image. (NASA, CSA, and FGS team) The US$10 billion observatory – launched in December last year and now orbiting the Sun a million miles (1.5 million kilometers) away from Earth – can look where no telescope has looked before thanks to its enormous primary mirror and instruments that focus on infrared, allowing it to peer through dust...