Conclusions: Through a close examination of the Antioch incident and the Hagar‑Sarah allegory, we have traced Paul’s Jewish logic. He employs midrashic typology, scriptural allegory, and covenantal reasoning to demonstrate that the blessing promised to Abraham reaches the nations through faith in the singular “Seed,” Christ. The Law, a holy and good gift to Israel, functioned as a guardian until the Promise arrived. To require Gentiles to undergo proselyte conversion is, in Paul’s metaphor, to force them back into a state of minority and slavery—a temporary, supervised status from which Christ has set all believers free. Paul’s gospel thus affirms...