Nice twofer.
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Posted on 03/02/2024 5:08:19 AM PST by Libloather
From the AI apocalypse to a full-blown nuclear war, it seems that there is an almost endless list of things that might cause the end of the world.
But, if those terrifying fates gest us, there is one doomsday event that Earth can't avoid.
A terrifying graphic reveals how the Sun will grow into a vast 'red giant' star, becoming so large that it will be the end of the solar system as we know it.
Although this might seem utterly petrifying, you don't need to start worrying just yet.
Dr Edward Bloomer, senior astronomer at Royal Observatory Greenwich, said: 'There's probably somewhere in the region of 5 billion years to go before the red giant phase for the Sun. So we've got some time!'
Our Sun, like all stars, is essentially a giant nuclear furnace smashing helium atoms together under the force of gravity.
This immense gravitational force is what keeps the eight planets and countless other objects in the solar system in orbit.
Meanwhile, the energy generated in nuclear fusion is radiated out into the universe as heat, creating a habitable zone which stretches from just beyond Venus out to the orbit of Mars.
However, Dr Bloomer told MailOnline that, eventually, this will all change.
In about five to 5.5 billion years from now, the sun will begin to transform into a red giant.
'This happens essentially when the sun runs out of hydrogen to fuse in its core,' Dr Bloomer explains.
(Excerpt) Read more at dailymail.co.uk ...
Johnathan and Martha were black, Jeeze. get with it man.
“Global warming” on a cosmic scale.
I doubt there will even be a United States in 5.5 billion years.
I doubt there will even be a United States in 5.5 billion years.
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I won’t be around but I’d be surprised if it existed in any meaningful way within a couple of centuries.
And name him Moses?
It had its moments but man is there a lot of evil in the world.. unnecessary pain and suffering. Misunderstandings.
Especially the people who contributed very little of value..who claim to be for the world but are not ?
Still there was some good moments.
If I had it all to do again..maybe I would have trained to be an assassin?
Dang, only 5 billion years. Better get that on my outlook calendar.
LITTLE BILLY TO TEACHER: Teacher, did you just say that the world will end in two billion years?
TEACHER: No, Billy, I said, “THREE billion years!”
LITTLE BILLY: That’s a relief. I was worried!
I ain’t skeered. I read the back of the Book.
Isaiah 65:17
New International Version
“See, I will create new heavens and a new earth. The former things will not be remembered, nor will they come to mind.
Revelation 21:1
New International Version
“Then I saw “a new heaven and a new earth,” for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there was no longer any sea.”
Before the solar lifecycle was understood in 1912, William Hope Hodges wrote a truly dystopian Science Fiction novel titled “The Night Land” about life on Earth after the sun burned out. It is available for free online via the Guttenberg project and is a fun read.
I’m sure we can do better than that!
“I’d be surprised if it existed in any meaningful way within a couple of centuries.”
The United States as it was founded died in 1865. The post war 1940s USA died in the 1960s with the civil rights movement and feminism movements. The USA of Reagan and global hegemony died in 2008 with the ineligible foreign national installed in office. So which USA is around in ten years or even 50 is never going to be the USA of last century or two centuries ago. The USA is already dead and has died many deaths. People and governments are forever changing , Rome is a perfect historical example while Rome lasted two millennia and still stands to this day its government,people citizens and at the time slaves took many forms vastly different that what had been before.
As the sun converts from hydrogen fusion to helium fusion and expands in size the habitable zone will also move outwards Mars will warm up first and all the ice in the polar caps and frozen in the soils globally will melt there is still enough water on Mars for sizable lakes and to support a water based atmosphere problem is Mars was too small so it’s core cooled faster than earth’s killing it’s magnetic field. No mag field and the solar wind strips your atmosphere in a few tens of million years maybe a hundred. The remaining water would be gone in a few million years. Any space faring beings that can get to Mars can also make an artificial mag field which would stabilize an atmosphere for millions of years provided it was maintained by those beings. Eventually the sun will expand and Mars will be too hot next up would be the moon’s of Jupiter three of which have more water than earth each those would melt as the sun heats up becoming water worlds with planetary sized oceans and water atmospheres. There is a good chance life already exists under the ice in the huge liquid oceans of those moons. Microbial life almost certainly exists those moons have been stable orbits for hundreds of millions of years plenty of time for microbial life to evolve. Saltwater plus electricity equals oxygen and hydrogen so one of the critical elements for human life is present on all three of those solar bodies. Humans don’t need to breathe nitrogen but we need a buffer has pure O2 tears up our lungs, helium would work and Jupiter is mostly hydrogen and helium in it’s atmosphere sending ramscoop space craft could bring more than enough helium to support a colony floating on Europa Castillo, or Ganymede the last two are larger in size than the earth moon by a good bit. Floating cities in a thawed out Jupiter moon in a water vapor atmosphere shielding from the intense radiation belts around Jupiter. Castillo is the best choice it’s outside Jupiter’s radiation belts and is 50/50 rocks and water ice at the surface when it melts there will be a miles deep ocean that forms on the surface and a thick water vapor atmosphere above it. Being inside Jupiter’s mag field solar wind won’t strip that atmosphere. Here again for millions of years the habitable zone will slowly pass outwards than as the sun cools into it’s red giant phase back inwards freezing those moons again. If a species can get to and colonize Jupiter space it’s not that far of a hop to proxima centari using even sublight speeds a generational ship could get there. All the tech you need to colonize a moon is exactly what you need to colonize another star system. Humans are on the verge of hibernation tech where we can hibernate bodies for centuries if needed or freeze embryos and use artificial wombs to bring them to term centuries later raised by bipedal AI robots Elon is working on those robots right now.
NASA is looking at Mars for teraforming it’s the best spot in the solar system for human back up colony.
https://phys.org/news/2017-03-nasa-magnetic-shield-mars-atmosphere.html
The upper atmosphere in Venus is quite eearth like in temp and pressure but you have to float in airships where air is also the lifting gas. A 250 meter wide sphere filled with 80/20 N2/O2 would float at those altitudes in Venus with a lifting capacity in the thousands of tonnes more than enough to support not only the outer envelop of the sphere but many decks of living space the top one would be for growing food and making oxygen with plants the sun is much brighter at Venus and those earth like altitudes are above the thick Venus cloud deck.
I’m sure God has a better plan for us hoomin beans than being turned into crispy critters in 5+ billion years.
In any scenario, I doubt very much that any of us will be surviving anywhere but in Eternity, since that’s where we go when we die. Otherwise, why would we say, “I’ll love you forever!”
I think what was said about the earth & the physical universe was about right, but not so sure as to WHEN it will happen. God alone knows that time period.
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/10662
Thanks, it looks like there’s also a couple audiobook versions on YouTube.
https://search.brave.com/search?q=William+Hope+Hodges+%E2%80%9CThe+Night+Land
The big dark is coming just 1.7×10^106 years or so for heat death to finally set in. That’s unless the expansion of the universe reverses and the big crunch happens first. Dark energy is winning at the moment every Galaxy is moving faster and faster away from the big bang point so it looks like heat death will win eventually.
As the last photons decay and evaporate all atomic motion will cease th is is long after all the black holes have eaten everything they can and the galaxies themselves have lost gravity and expanded into the space time continuum. The solar system fell apart in the 15 trillion year range as the sun went from neutron star to black dwarf and its neutrons cooled then decayed to photons to be flung off into the universe gravity no longer holding the rocky cores that were the outer planet’s the inner ones earth included were consumed long before during the red giant era the outer ones were just cooked of their light gases then deep frozen solid. Deep time is fascinating.
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