NRAO/AUI/NSF; D. Berry Posted on 12/06/2017 11:31:18 AM PST by Red Badger
Less than a billion years after the Big Bang, two titans speed toward each other.
NRAO/AUI/NSF; D. Berry
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Just 780 million years after the universe formed in the Big Bang, two galaxies speed to confront each other in a head-on collision that will lead to a merger between the two—and one of them is towing along a clump of dark matter larger than any spotted before.
The research paper, published today in Nature, highlights a little-understood era of the universe known as the Epoch of Reionization. This is when the first galaxies came together and lit up the universe by converting hydrogen from a neutral atom to an ionized state, making the universe more transparent.
Most galaxies of the era were believed to be small, low-mass dwarf galaxies. But the results of this study—and an unrelated paper also published in Nature today that highlights a supermassive black hole from this period, the oldest ever discovered—paint a different picture of the early universe. One of the galaxies in the pair known as SPT0311-58 is only slightly less massive than the Milky Way, though the other is much smaller.
The Milky Way's mass is equal to some 480 billion suns, while SPT0311-58 has about 440 billion solar masses. The smaller galaxy in the ancient pair is about 35 billion solar masses. A halo of dark matter surrounding the two is about 100 billion solar masses.
The galaxies, created via a composite image of several telescopes. ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Marrone, et al.; B. Saxton (NRAO/AUI/NSF); NASA/ESA Hubble ==========================================================================================
Though the dark matter halo can’t be seen, its presence is inferred through gravitational interactions with the galaxies, which suggest it is enveloping both as they merge. The galaxies are messy in appearance as they haven’t had time to settle into a spiral (or other) shape due to their relative youth.
According to a NRAO press release, there are more galaxies waiting to be discovered in the same field. The pair was discovered by the South Pole Telescope, which is specifically attuned to the early universe, and follow-up observations were made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).
“Our hope is to find more objects like this, possibly even more distant ones, to better understand this population of extreme dusty galaxies and especially their relation to the bulk population of galaxies at this epoch,” said Joaquin Vieira of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in a press release.
How the first galaxies formed in the ether of the early universe is one of the biggest questions in astronomy. Studying galaxies like SPT0311-58 could help scientists understand the strange dynamics of this ancient time in the cosmos.
In order for us to receive light that originated 13.0 billion years ago. We have to be 13.0 billion light years from where that object was 13.0 billion years ago. True statement?
So if the galaxy speed is 0 then the entire distance is due to either inflation or the initial distance between the objects at the big bang.
And if the universe was small at the big bang. Say 1 billion light years wide. Then inflation must acccount for 12 billion light years of distance in 13.0 billion light years for us to be in position to receive the light. That means inflation is a high percent of the speed of light
SagA* is our black hole.
They have a observed model of the star movement in the center of our galaxy showing there is a large mass there
16 years of observation...
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=duoHtJpo4GY
Should be an update to it by now
Substitute “expansion” for “inflation” and you’re basically correct. “Inflation” is a term reserved for a particular theory of the early universe. But your last statement “inflation is a high percent of the speed of light” needs some correction. The speed of expansion is proportional with distance. It’s called the Hubble Constant, or Hubble Parameter. It’s estimated to be about 70 kps for every million parsecs, or 3.26 million light years. So at a distance of about 14 billion light years, expansion exceeds to the speed of light. We can’t see beyond that, obviously, which defines the visible horizon.
I'm familiar with those observations. Yes, there are stars at the center of our galaxy circling something, but what that something is, has only been guessed at. No object has been observed - only inferred.
It's not that modern cosmologists don't observe the various phenomena in the cosmos. They absolutely do, but they're relying on a dogmatic, hundred year old paradigm to explain those observations, which it cannot do.
As a consequence, they're forced to dream up ever more ludicrous wierdness to explain what they see. At some point they're going to have to question the validity of their underlying theories. They're not working, and haven't been for decades.
LOL
Well, that makes us two peas in a cosmic pod then.
Dogma? No, they are relying on Gravity.
The weak force. It's sad, really.
Sad?
It is how we have found many objects -such as planets in space.
Yes, I'm aware of that.
My comment was more directed at cosmologists' and astrophysicists' reliance on the force of gravity to explain everything in the universe.
It's more faith than science.
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