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New Study Shows Tyrannosaurus Rex Evolved Advanced Bird-Like Binocular Vision
Science News Online ^ | June 26 2006 | Eric Jbaffe

Posted on 07/03/2006 12:32:51 PM PDT by Al Simmons

In the 1993 movie Jurassic Park, one human character tells another that a Tyrannosaurus rex can't see them if they don't move, even though the beast is right in front of them. Now, a scientist reports that T. rex had some of the best vision in animal history. This sensory prowess strengthens arguments for T. rex's role as predator instead of scavenger.

Scientists had some evidence from measurements of T. rex skulls that the animal could see well. Recently, Kent A. Stevens of the University of Oregon in Eugene went further.

He used facial models of seven types of dinosaurs to reconstruct their binocular range, the area viewed simultaneously by both eyes. The wider an animal's binocular range, the better its depth perception and capacity to distinguish objectseven those that are motionless or camouflaged.

T. rex had a binocular range of 55, which is wider than that of modern hawks, Stevens reports in the summer Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Moreover, over the millennia, T. rex evolved features that improved its vision: Its snout grew lower and narrower, cheek grooves cleared its sight lines, and its eyeballs enlarged. ...

Stevens also considered visual acuity and limiting far pointthe greatest distance at which objects remain distinct. For these vision tests, he took the known optics of reptiles and birds, ranging from the poor-sighted crocodile to the exceptional eagle, and adjusted them to see how they would perform inside an eye as large as that of T. rex. "With the size of its eyeballs, it couldn't help but have excellent vision," Stevens says.

He found that T. rex might have had visual acuity as much as 13 times that of people. By comparison, an eagle's acuity is 3.6 times that of a person.

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T. rex might also have had a limiting far point of 6 kilometers, compared with the human far point of 1.6 km. These are best-case estimates, Stevens says, but even toward the cautious end of the scale, T. rex still displays better vision than what's needed for scavenging.

The vision argument takes the scavenger-versus-predator debate in a new direction. The debate had focused on whether T. rex's legs and teeth made it better suited for either lifestyle.

Stevens notes that visual ranges in hunting birds and snapping turtles typically are 20 wider than those in grain-eating birds and herbivorous turtles.

In modern animals, predators have better binocular vision than scavengers do, agrees Thomas R. Holtz Jr. of the University of Maryland at College Park. Binocular vision "almost certainly was a predatory adaptation," he says.

But a scavenging T. rex could have inherited its vision from predatory ancestors, says Jack Horner, curator of paleontology at the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Mont. "It isn't a characteristic that was likely to hinder the scavenging abilities of T. rex and therefore wasn't selected out of the population," Horner says.

Stevens says the unconvincing scene in Jurassic Park inspired him to examine T. rex's vision because, with its "very sophisticated visual apparatus," the dinosaur couldn't possibly miss people so close by. Sight aside, says Stevens, "if you're sweating in fear 1 inch from the nostrils of the T. rex, it would figure out you were there anyway."

Stevens, K.A. 2006. Binocular vision in theropod dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(June):321-330.


TOPICS: Religion; Science
KEYWORDS: atheismsucks; atheistdarwinists; bewareofluddites; creationism; crevolist; darwindroolbib; darwinwasaloser; dinosaurs; evolution; flyingbrickbats; godsgravesglyphs; guess; heroworship; ignoranceisstrength; junk; paleontology; patrickhenrycrap; pavlovian; pavlovianevos; shakyfaithchristians; trash; trex; tyrannosaurus; useyourimagination; yecluddites; youngearthcultists; youngearthidiocy
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To: drhogan

I'm not a creationist or a Darwinist. As I've stated before I believe it "Just Is" and go on about my way. But these threads are always entertaining!


221 posted on 07/03/2006 5:21:02 PM PDT by saleman
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To: RobRoy

i bet we are the only two people (still living) who saw it!


222 posted on 07/03/2006 5:21:49 PM PDT by drhogan (!)
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To: drhogan

"i bet we are the only two people (still living) who saw it!"

You would lose that bet. Though my brain cells wish otherwise.

It was definitely MST3K material. (That might be where I saw it...)


223 posted on 07/03/2006 5:25:43 PM PDT by CarolinaGuitarman (Gas up your tanks!!)
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To: js1138
when environmental change required T-Rex to change, it's rate of adaptation was too slow

Correct. It would be awfully hard to adapt to a hugh rock.

224 posted on 07/03/2006 5:25:50 PM PDT by ASA Vet (3.03)
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To: js1138

That's what I thought too. :)


225 posted on 07/03/2006 5:26:06 PM PDT by ml1954 (NOT the BANNED disruptive troll who was seen frequently on CREVO threads.)
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To: Uncle Vlad
Hah! Next thing they're going to try to sell us was TRex was gay...

I dunno, looks pretty gay to me...

226 posted on 07/03/2006 5:27:34 PM PDT by GATOR NAVY (Twenty years in the Navy. Never drunk on duty - never sober on liberty)
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To: saleman
I'm not a creationist or a Darwinist. As I've stated before I believe it "Just Is" and go on about my way. But these threads are always entertaining!

Then what the heck are you doing here? {8-)

227 posted on 07/03/2006 5:30:06 PM PDT by OmahaFields ("What have been its fruits? ... superstition, bigotry and persecution.")
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To: ASA Vet
Correct. It would be awfully hard to adapt to a hugh rock.

I had a college roomate named hugh rockoff. I adapted.

228 posted on 07/03/2006 5:30:52 PM PDT by js1138 (Well I say there are some things we don't want to know! Important things!")
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To: ASA Vet

Please. This is a very series subject. You are hurting our "Save the T-Rex" fund drive.


229 posted on 07/03/2006 5:31:31 PM PDT by OmahaFields ("What have been its fruits? ... superstition, bigotry and persecution.")
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To: OmahaFields
I think that if you pulled there teat or at least had some type of mouth guard they would have, don't want them eating half the ducks you shoot.

Think of the "greyhound" tracks that they could have run on, puddles of water and all.
230 posted on 07/03/2006 5:33:26 PM PDT by ufans ("Let no man glory in the greatness of his mind, but rather keep watch o'er his wits.")
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To: drhogan
what about pit bulls?

The breed of peace? What about them? I don't understand your breviated question.

231 posted on 07/03/2006 5:33:34 PM PDT by Valpal1 (Big Media is like Barney Fife with a gun.)
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To: js1138

I had a college roomate named hugh rockoff. I adapted.

Some parents really have a sense of humor.

232 posted on 07/03/2006 5:34:22 PM PDT by ml1954 (NOT the BANNED disruptive troll who was seen frequently on CREVO threads.)
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To: ufans
Think of the "greyhound" tracks that they could have run on, puddles of water and all.

I once saw a greyhound stumble out of the gates and go head over heels. He look around and saw the rabbit and dogs rounding the curve. Jump the fence, took a shortcut across the infield and caught the rabbit.

233 posted on 07/03/2006 5:36:16 PM PDT by OmahaFields ("What have been its fruits? ... superstition, bigotry and persecution.")
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To: OmahaFields

Just hanging out. Watching the fireworks. It is almost the 4th. Plus, maybe someone can convert me. Who knows?


234 posted on 07/03/2006 5:37:04 PM PDT by saleman
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To: Southack
> Because the species [alligator] is virtually unchanged over 200 million years of rapid breeding.

Wrong.

Deinosuchus (15 meters long, ~65 MYA, ate dinosaurs):

Stromatosuchus (12 meters long, ~65 MYA, was a filter-feeder for small fish like minnows)

Metriorhynchus (3 meters long, ~145 MYA, swam in the open ocean and ate fish)

These animals, only three of a vast number of crocodilians both extinct and extant, show *considerable* change ove rthe last 200 million years.

235 posted on 07/03/2006 5:37:39 PM PDT by orionblamblam (I'm interested in science and preventing its corruption, so here I am.)
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To: js1138
Is this your former roomate?

Hugh Rockoff
Professor of Economics
Rutgers University


href="http://econweb.rutgers.edu/rockoff/

236 posted on 07/03/2006 5:39:53 PM PDT by OmahaFields ("What have been its fruits? ... superstition, bigotry and persecution.")
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To: CarolinaGuitarman

the "giant" rabbits moved so slowly, they put me to sleep.
all i can remember were really bad special effects and slow moving rabbits that didn't seem to do anything!


237 posted on 07/03/2006 5:42:44 PM PDT by drhogan (!)
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To: orionblamblam

yeah, but your pics are all pics of RAPID breeding alligators, while he was talking about SLOW breeding alligators!
(i'm kidding)


238 posted on 07/03/2006 5:48:36 PM PDT by drhogan (!)
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To: CarolinaGuitarman
Like to rethink that? "So now there are people at the time of the dinosaurs? Hmmm." No, and nobody said there were.

By Ion Zwitter, Avant News Editor Mud Flaps, Arizona, March 29, 2006 A team of creationist paleontologists from the Discovery Institute's main field research arm announced today that they had discovered the remains of a large manmade object confirmed to be an ancient dinosaur saddle. The Discovery Institute's discovery was discovered in the remote Dusty Rivers area of southwestern Arizona. A spokesman for the paleontological team said that the dinosaur saddle provides irrefutable proof that man and dinosaurs lived simultaneously, as predicted by most creationist or "intelligent design" doctrines.

239 posted on 07/03/2006 6:45:12 PM PDT by taxesareforever (Never forget Matt Maupin)
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To: taxesareforever

"Like to rethink that?"

No, because nobody said there were people at the time of the dinosaurs.

BTW, you DO know that the article you quoted from is satire, right? :)


240 posted on 07/03/2006 7:00:45 PM PDT by CarolinaGuitarman (Gas up your tanks!!)
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