Explore further: Dark matter clusters could reveal nature of dark energyPosted on 12/05/2018 9:02:07 AM PST by ETL
Scientists at the University of Oxford may have solved one of the biggest questions in modern physics, with a new paper unifying dark matter and dark energy into a single phenomenon: a fluid which possesses 'negative mass." If you were to push a negative mass, it would accelerate towards you. This astonishing new theory may also prove right a prediction that Einstein made 100 years ago.
Our current, widely recognised model of the Universe, called LambdaCDM, tells us nothing about what dark matter and dark energy are like physically. We only know about them because of the gravitational effects they have on other, observable matter.
This new model, published today in Astronomy and Astrophysics, by Dr. Jamie Farnes from the Oxford e-Research Centre, Department of Engineering Science, offers a new explanation. Dr. Farnes says: "We now think that both dark matter and dark energy can be unified into a fluid which possesses a type of 'negative gravity," repelling all other material around them. Although this matter is peculiar to us, it suggests that our cosmos is symmetrical in both positive and negative qualities."
The existence of negative matter had previously been ruled out as it was thought this material would become less dense as the Universe expands, which runs contrary to our observations that show dark energy does not thin out over time. However, Dr. Farnes' research applies a 'creation tensor," which allows for negative masses to be continuously created. It demonstrates that when more and more negative masses are continually bursting into existence, this negative mass fluid does not dilute during the expansion of the cosmos. In fact, the fluid appears to be identical to dark energy.
Dr. Farnes's theory also provides the first correct predictions of the behaviour of dark matter halos. Most galaxies are rotating so rapidly they should be tearing themselves apart, which suggests that an invisible 'halo' of dark matter must be holding them together. The new research published today features a computer simulation of the properties of negative mass, which predicts the formation of dark matter halos just like the ones inferred by observations using modern radio telescopes.
Albert Einstein provided the first hint of the dark universe exactly 100 years ago, when he discovered a parameter in his equations known as the 'cosmological constant," which we now know to be synonymous with dark energy. Einstein famously called the cosmological constant his 'biggest blunder," although modern astrophysical observations prove that it is a real phenomenon. In notes dating back to 1918, Einstein described his cosmological constant, writing that 'a modification of the theory is required such that "empty space" takes the role of gravitating negative masses which are distributed all over the interstellar space." It is therefore possible that Einstein himself predicted a negative-mass-filled universe.
Dr. Farnes says: "Previous approaches to combining dark energy and dark matter have attempted to modify Einstein's theory of general relativity, which has turned out to be incredibly challenging. This new approach takes two old ideas that are known to be compatible with Einstein's theory—negative masses and matter creation—and combines them together.
"The outcome seems rather beautiful: dark energy and dark matter can be unified into a single substance, with both effects being simply explainable as positive mass matter surfing on a sea of negative masses."
Proof of Dr. Farnes's theory will come from tests performed with a cutting-edge radio telescope known as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), an international endeavour to build the world's largest telescope in which the University of Oxford is collaborating.
Dr. Farnes adds: "There are still many theoretical issues and computational simulations to work through, and LambdaCDM has a nearly 30 year head start, but I'm looking forward to seeing whether this new extended version of LambdaCDM can accurately match other observational evidence of our cosmology. If real, it would suggest that the missing 95% of the cosmos had an aesthetic solution: we had forgotten to include a simple minus sign."
Explore further: Dark matter clusters could reveal nature of dark energy
More information: J. S. Farnes. A unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter: Negative masses and matter creation within a modified LambdaCDM framework, Astronomy & Astrophysics (2018). DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832898 , https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.07962
Bizarre 'dark fluid' with negative mass could dominate the universe – what my research suggests
Journal reference: Astronomy and Astrophysics 
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dark energy and dark matter are theoretical constructs, postulated by cosmologists to explain glaring faults in the 'expanding universe' theory. No one has yet proven that they, in fact, exist.
Attempting to tie these artificial constructs back to real matter and energy, is little more than burnishing these dreamed up goblins with the air of authenticity that association with known science can bring.
What's hilarious (and all too predictable), is that theoretical physicists resort to dreaming up another band-aid to patch the previous band-aid, which was dreamed up to patch yet another band-aid.
Unlike classical physicists, they seem to have no familiarity with falsification or going back to the drawing board when their theories fail. They just dream up another fanciful goblin to explain why their model doesn't work, and keep on cashing the federal grant checks.
That's not science. It's taxpayer funded science fiction.
I fully understand that. Same is true for inflation theory. It was concocted to explain away several major problems with the big bang. However, as far as theories of their existence and workings, it is certainly worth a try to treat the hypothetical pair as though they were similar in nature to their very real counterparts.
Thanks Swordmaker.
Until it can be proven that 'dark matter' and 'dark energy' even exist, there's little point in going through that exercise. It will only lead to the invention of some other goblins or fairies, that likewise exist in theory only.
Ultimately, such exercises are destructive, as they produce ideas which further solidify the existing cosmological paradigm, which itself, is an enormous conglomeration of unproven, untested, unworkable theoretical constructs, that does nothing to accurately predict or explain observed phenomena in our universe.
The existence of dark energy, or some sort of ‘hidden’ energy, is likely, given the (supposed) fact that the universe is accelerating in its expansion.
More here...
Negative-Mass Dark Fluid: Astonishing New Theory Could Explain Universe’s Missing 95%
Dec 5, 2018 by News Staff / Source
The standard cosmological model known as LambdaCDM can only explain 5% of the observable Universe. The remaining 95% is famously made up almost entirely of two invisible components called dark matter and dark energy. Yet the physical nature of these two components remains a mystery.
A new study by University of Oxford researcher Jamie Farnes suggests both dark phenomena can be unified into a single substance — a negative-mass ‘dark fluid.’ Dr. Farnes’ theory may also prove right a prediction that Albert Einstein made 100 years ago.
http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/negative-mass-dark-fluid-06687.html
The 'expanding universe' is an unproven theory, which is based upon the belief that red shift is an indicator of motion and velocity.
Noted astronomer, Halton Arp, proved in the 1960s, that red shift is actually an indicator of age. In his book, "Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies", Arp presented high definition photos of 388 galaxies that are conjoined to companion quasars whose red shifts differ dramatically from their parent galaxies.
These quasars are clearly connected to their companion galaxies by visible filaments, so how can that be? Well, it can't be, if red shift is an indicator of motion and velocity. This observation led Arp to conclude (correctly, in my estimation) that red shift is an indicator of age, not motion or velocity.
Naturally, the astronomical community, which had already accepted the Big Bang theory as gospel, thoroughly rejected Arp's findings out of hand, and labeled him a kook heretic. They did so (and continue to do so) despite the clear associations between these objects and the wild variances in their red shifts.
In subsequent decades, thousands of such objects have been added to Arp's original catalog.
The ramifications of these observations can't be overstated. Arp essentially disproved the Big Bang theory.
They define 3 different types of redshift.
1) Doppler, due to actual movement of light source through space
2) Gravitational, due to strong gravity field “stretching” space-time
3) Cosmological, due to universal expansion
“They define 3 different types of redshift.”
1) Doppler, due to actual movement of light source through space
2) Gravitational, due to strong gravity field “stretching” space-time
3) Cosmological, due to universal expansion <<
Okay. Shouldn’t associated galaxies and quasars still have the same red shift?
Seems like it's the universities that are doing a lot of press releases lately. So maybe this was put together by the Oxford press office.
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