Once produced, the Higgs boson would decay very quickly
Posted on 03/11/2004 4:45:23 AM PST by Momaw Nadon
A scientist says one of the most sought after particles in physics - the Higgs boson - may have been found, but the evidence is still relatively weak.
Peter Renton, of the University of Oxford, says the particle may have been detected by researchers at an atom-smashing facility in Switzerland.
The Higgs boson explains why all other particles have mass and is fundamental to a complete understanding of matter.
Dr Renton's assessment of the Higgs hunt is published in Nature magazine.
"There's certainly evidence for something, whether it's the Higgs boson is questionable," Dr Renton, a particle physicist at Oxford, told BBC News Online.
"It's compatible with the Higgs boson certainly, but only a direct observation would show that."
If correct, Dr Renton's assessment would place the elusive particle's mass at about 115 gigaelectronvolts.
Once produced, the Higgs boson would decay very quickly
Unstable particle
This comes from a signal obtained at the large electron positron collider (LEP) in Geneva, Switzerland, which has now been dismantled to make way for its replacement - the large hadron collider (LHC).
However, there is a 9% probability that the signal could be background "noise".
Before the LEP accelerator was decommissioned, physicists used it to send particles called electrons and positrons careering in opposite directions around its circular pipe, which had a circumference of about 27km.
When these particles collided, they created bursts of high energy. Such collisions themselves are too small to study but new, heavier particles can appear amongst the debris.
The Higgs boson is thought to be highly unstable and, once produced, should quickly decay.
Dr Renton cites indirect evidence taken from observations of the behaviour of other particles in colliders that agrees with the figure of 115 gigaelectronvolts for the mass of the Higgs boson.
"It's controversial. The data is possibly indicative, but it needs confirmation," said Bryan Webber, professor of theoretical physics at the University of Cambridge.
"Its mass is right at the maximum energy they could run the [LEP] at. But the indirect indications are that the Higgs boson should be close to that value."
The LEP's huge ring was used to study the particles in our universe
Mass giver
Physicists have observed 16 particles that make up all matter under the Standard Model of fundamental particles and interactions.
But the sums do not quite add up for the Standard Model to be true if these particles are considered alone. If only 16 particles existed, they would have no mass - contradicting what we know to be true in nature.
Another particle has to give them this mass. Enter the Higgs boson, first proposed by University of Edinburgh physicist Peter Higgs and colleagues in the late 1960s.
Their theory was that all particles acquire their mass through interactions with an all-pervading field, called the Higgs field, which is carried by the Higgs boson.
The Higgs' importance to the Standard Model has led some to dub it the "God particle".
Dr Renton said he hoped that once the large hadron collider was up and running in 2007, the Higgs boson would be detected within a year or two.
The LHC is a more energetic accelerator which will allow a much higher mass range to be explored. It will also be capable of producing much more intense particle beams which means that data can be aggregated much faster.
No. There are still features of the Standard Model that would remain unexplained.
I don't know of any models where there are three Higgs particles. I think the first non-minimal Higgs model has four (a positively charged Higgs, a negatively charged Higgs, a neutral scalar Higgs, and a neutral pseudoscalar).
I'll take a wild guess that they aren't even close.
Physicist, would you like to field this question?
What did you have for breakfast this morning?
Einstein, I believe, basically theorized that as matter approaches the speed of light, its mass becomes infinite.
The magicians are doing their magic and learning new spells. Once they've worked out exactly how this Higgs spell works, they'll understand other spells better, and might be able (in some distant future) to make these spells work together to help us in ways that they currently don't.
There. And it's only 48 words, too.
If the fast food fat bill doesn't become law, expect McDonalds to become a prime funder of the search.
What about strings - as in string theory.
Postmodern God-questions about postmodern crop circles. 
Answer: When you have a dimocrat candidate named John "the flipper" Kerry.
Further translated: Libertarians would have all of us living in caves before spending a dollar on science.
Hey there occupied!
Howdy ho Shrike
Libertarians would allow us the choice of spending our money on upgrading our own caves or having our wealth looted by the the government to squander on big magnet lined caves for highly paid scientists to quibble over esoterica in.
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