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Cleanest steel ever? US scientists achieve coal-free ironmaking at lesser cost
Interesting Engineering ^ | April 09, 2025 | Aamir Khollam

Posted on 04/09/2025 8:07:39 PM PDT by Red Badger

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To: Red Badger

bkmk


21 posted on 04/10/2025 4:42:54 AM PDT by sauropod (Make sure Satan has to climb over a lot of Scripture to get to you. John MacArthur Ne supra crepidam)
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To: Openurmind
"First and foremost Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. "

True, but iron has too much carbon in it. The carbon precipitates as flakes of carbon when the iron solidifies. These weaken the iron and make it brittle. This excess carbon is removed in order to make much stronger and more ductile (bendable) steel.

22 posted on 04/10/2025 5:01:28 AM PDT by norwaypinesavage (Freud: projection is a defense mechanism of those struggling with inferiority complexes)
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To: Paladin2

I’ve burned a tire or two to keep the skeeters away while fishin’ in the crick....


23 posted on 04/10/2025 5:24:23 AM PDT by trebb (So many fools - so little time...)
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To: norwaypinesavage

It depends solely on application and the science of annealing and/or tempering. Example would be you can take all the brittleness out of high carbon steel by annealing it. Application and “fatigue” are the main factors in choosing the proper alloy for the job soft or hard.

There really is an exact science of these combinations depending on application. Take Rails for example. If Rails were too soft they would only last a week of heavy Train traffic. They would just mush out. Yet at the same time how they react to temperature expansion and contraction can even be a huge factor.

I watched the local line put 50 miles of new rail in one time only to pull it all back out and replace it again. The metallurgy was not correct so when summer came it expanded far too much and was buckling the rails causing the spikes to pull and derailments.

You could literally look down what was supposed to be a straight shot and it was wavy by four or five feet every few hundred yards. Looked like a snake...


24 posted on 04/10/2025 5:58:50 AM PDT by Openurmind
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To: Openurmind

The “Temperature” of a continuous railroad track is an important factor in whether or not the track will buckle in compression, or even fracture in tension. It is defined as the track temperature at which there is zero thermal (tensile or compressive) stress in the rails due to ambient temperatures. It is strongly influenced by the ambient temperature when it is laid. The stresses change with the number and degrees of curvature in the track as well as ambient temperature in service. Here’s a good explanation: https://www.railtemperature.com/Research/Ensco_Temperature_prediction.pdf


25 posted on 04/10/2025 6:22:42 AM PDT by norwaypinesavage (Freud: projection is a defense mechanism of those struggling with inferiority complexes)
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To: LegendHasIt

That is why they usually strap two sharks together like they did for the P-38.


26 posted on 04/10/2025 6:26:44 AM PDT by GingisK
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To: Yo-Yo

Cast iron has a much higher carbon content than steel.


27 posted on 04/10/2025 6:29:44 AM PDT by GingisK
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To: Openurmind

You are correct sir. Cole is not just for heat, it is the carbon source, as you said.


28 posted on 04/10/2025 9:13:51 AM PDT by Attention Surplus Disorder (The Democrat breadlines will be gluten-free. )
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To: Red Badger
Instead of relying on high-temperature, fossil-fueled furnaces, this emerging method uses electricity to extract pure iron from iron oxide at much lower temperatures and with significantly fewer emissions.

The Devil is in the details. The electricity has to be generated as cleanly as the iron is smelted. That means hydroelectric or nuclear. One is not widely available; the other is opposed by too many morons.

29 posted on 04/10/2025 9:14:38 AM PDT by JimRed (TERM LIMITS, NOW! Finish the damned WALL! TRUTH is the new HATE fSPEECH! )
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To: JimRed

Plus iron is not steel.

The iron still has to be melted at a very high temp to add the other metals to form an alloy.............


30 posted on 04/10/2025 9:21:45 AM PDT by Red Badger (Homeless veterans camp in the streets while illegals are put up in 5 Star hotels....................)
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To: AdmSmith; AnonymousConservative; Arthur Wildfire! March; Berosus; Bockscar; BraveMan; cardinal4; ...

31 posted on 04/10/2025 10:49:43 AM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: crusty old prospector

Yep, Question to the writers should have asked: Where does the electricity come from?


32 posted on 04/12/2025 1:50:44 AM PDT by minnesota_bound (Need more money to buy everything now)
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To: Red Badger

Was the inventor named Hank Rearden?


33 posted on 04/12/2025 1:53:40 AM PDT by Lazamataz (I'm so on fire that I feel the need to stop, drop, and roll!)
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