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To: Openurmind
"First and foremost Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. "

True, but iron has too much carbon in it. The carbon precipitates as flakes of carbon when the iron solidifies. These weaken the iron and make it brittle. This excess carbon is removed in order to make much stronger and more ductile (bendable) steel.

22 posted on 04/10/2025 5:01:28 AM PDT by norwaypinesavage (Freud: projection is a defense mechanism of those struggling with inferiority complexes)
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To: norwaypinesavage

It depends solely on application and the science of annealing and/or tempering. Example would be you can take all the brittleness out of high carbon steel by annealing it. Application and “fatigue” are the main factors in choosing the proper alloy for the job soft or hard.

There really is an exact science of these combinations depending on application. Take Rails for example. If Rails were too soft they would only last a week of heavy Train traffic. They would just mush out. Yet at the same time how they react to temperature expansion and contraction can even be a huge factor.

I watched the local line put 50 miles of new rail in one time only to pull it all back out and replace it again. The metallurgy was not correct so when summer came it expanded far too much and was buckling the rails causing the spikes to pull and derailments.

You could literally look down what was supposed to be a straight shot and it was wavy by four or five feet every few hundred yards. Looked like a snake...


24 posted on 04/10/2025 5:58:50 AM PDT by Openurmind
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