Posted on 03/24/2016 12:44:16 PM PDT by Red Badger
Artist's illustration of turbulent winds of gas swirling around a black hole. Some of the gas is spiraling inward, but some is being blown away. Credit: NASA, and M. Weiss (Chandra X -ray Center)
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New research led by astrophysicists at York University has revealed the fastest winds ever seen at ultraviolet wavelengths near a supermassive black hole.
"We're talking wind speeds of 20 per cent the speed of light, which is more than 200 million kilometres an hour. That's equivalent to a category 77 hurricane," says Jesse Rogerson, who led the research as part of his PhD thesis in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at York U. "And we have reason to believe that there are quasar winds that are even faster."
Astronomers have known about the existence of quasar winds since the late 1960s. At least one in four quasars have them. Quasars are the discs of hot gas that form around supermassive black holes at the centre of massive galaxies - they are bigger than Earth's orbit around the sun and hotter than the surface of the sun, generating enough light to be seen across the observable universe.
"Black holes can have a mass that is billions of times larger than the sun, mostly because they are messy eaters in a way, capturing any material that ventures too close," says York University Associate Professor Patrick Hall, who is Rogerson's supervisor. "But as matter spirals toward a black hole, some of it is blown away by the heat and light of the quasar. These are the winds that we are detecting."
Rogerson and his team used data from a large survey of the sky known as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to identify new outflows from quasars. After spotting about 300 examples, they selected about 100 for further exploration, collecting data with the Gemini Observatory's twin telescopes in Hawaii and Chile, in which Canada has a major share.
"We not only confirmed this fastest-ever ultraviolet wind, but also discovered a new wind in the same quasar moving more slowly, at only 140 million kilometres an hour," says Hall. "We plan to keep watching this quasar to see what happens next."
Much of this research is aimed at better understanding outflows from quasars and why they happen.
"Quasar winds play an important role in galaxy formation," says Rogerson. "When galaxies form, these winds fling material outwards and deter the creation of stars. If such winds didn't exist or were less powerful, we would see far more stars in big galaxies than we actually do."
The team's findings were published today in the print edition of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
More information: Jesse A. Rogerson et al. Multi-epoch observations of extremely high-velocity emergent broad absorption, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2016). DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv3010, http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.02842].
Journal reference: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
“Ultra?” “Super?” Who wrote this, a 9th grader?
Global Warming?
Shouldn’t it “Incredible, amazing astrophysicists detect ultra-fast winds near supermassive black hole”?
I want to be an artist for NASA.
Those guys are way out there.
A giant celestial blender vortex. The ultra cool, super, and rad part though is that all that gnarly crud being sucked inward has to make a bodacious getaway that’s totally awesome.:)
Jeff Spicolli lives, at NASA it would seem.
winds 20 percent the speed of light?
that’ll mess up your hair.
So long as the object in question is going faster than the escape velocity of the black hole, it can leave orbit...
“Journal reference: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society”
It’s British. They are doing more to destroy the language than the Americans are, and, we’re doing a great job of it as it is.
I think the writer just assumed that folks wouldn’t understand at all, so, he/she threw in a bunch of adjectives hoping that folks would be impressed.
Winds... Black Holes....
Aliens need to stop dumping their excess bean crops into the black holes for disposal....
That and missing socks might clog the durn thing up.
Not quite sure how they can tell the lack of global temperature difference (day/night sides) at the such distances, but they attribute it to hyper-winds spreading the star's heat planet-wide.
I attribute it to Hyperbole..........................
........and your skin, bones and teeth.
A particle, even as small as an electron, traveling 20% the speed of light with go right thru you and most anything else in its way...................
You'll need a strong umbrella.
Wind in a vacuum? Pretty neat “science”!
...and a better Insurance policy...............
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