Posted on 02/15/2018 9:21:23 PM PST by Crucial
How Europeans evolved white skin
By Ann Gibbons
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI—Most of us think of Europe as the ancestral home of white people. But a new study shows that pale skin, as well as other traits such as tallness and the ability to digest milk as adults, arrived in most of the continent relatively recently. The work, presented here last week at the 84th annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, offers dramatic evidence of recent evolution in Europe and shows that most modern Europeans don’t look much like those of 8000 years ago.
The origins of Europeans have come into sharp focus in the past year as researchers have sequenced the genomes of ancient populations, rather than only a few individuals. By comparing key parts of the DNA across the genomes of 83 ancient individuals from archaeological sites throughout Europe, the international team of researchers reported earlier this year that Europeans today are a mix of the blending of at least three ancient populations of hunter-gatherers and farmers who moved into Europe in separate migrations over the past 8000 years. The study revealed that a massive migration of Yamnaya herders from the steppes north of the Black Sea may have brought Indo-European languages to Europe about 4500 years ago.
Now, a new study from the same team drills down further into that remarkable data to search for genes that were under strong natural selection—including traits so favorable that they spread rapidly throughout Europe in the past 8000 years. By comparing the ancient European genomes with those of recent ones from the 1000 Genomes Project, population geneticist Iain Mathieson, a postdoc in the Harvard University lab of population geneticist David Reich, found five genes associated with changes in diet and skin pigmentation that underwent strong natural selection.
(Excerpt) Read more at sciencemag.org ...
Than what about the human remains found in China, a few years ago that are older than any of those found in Africa?
Since there is clear evidence that Humans migrated out of Africa at least 100,000 years ago (and possibly 180,000 years ago), that theory has never made sense to me, either.
Ever notice that every new discovery pushes back the timeline?
Also, there is significant evidence that Neanderthals evolved outside of Africa, and there is no question that almost all modern European and Asian humans have some Neanderthal DNA.
Neanderthals lived outside of Africa, but I wouldn't necessarily say evolved.
But that info has been well known for far longer than the 1980s. I remember hearing about it in the 1960s and it probably wasn't "new" info back then.
Considering the fact that members of my extended family ARE Afrikaners ( the language is spelled with 2 As...not the people!),still living in RSA, I saw it right away! :-)
and they were good at problem solving.
Which they don’t teach anymore.
All this article does is remind me that there is no more powerful force in the world than race hatred.
And it’s mostly directed against whites, because when you take away our achievements, there’s not much civilization left.
“Genetic bottlenecks do tend to weed out the stupid”
If true, then Muslims wouldn’t be so numerous.
Don’t forget the other very successful strategy to spread stupid genes : multiply like rabbits.
One of the (highly decried by leftists) theme of the Bell Curve is that low IQ people tend to have higher fertility rates : blacks women produce more twins, mature more precociously, ovulate more often... than whites who do more than Asians. Blacks prefer to breed more instead of whites who prefer to nurture more, this is an indeniable fact, even more now in the age the welfare society and food stamps.
The Bell curve even warned that a society in which intelligent women prefer to be successful businesswomen instead of mothers and where “welfare queens” have many offsprings can not end well. The expression “demography is destiny” seems totally prophetic to me.
Maybe I should have made a distinction between genetic bottlenecks imposed externally due to natural disaster, ice age or war, as opposed to genetic bottlenecks imposed by deliberately inbreeding when there is no external pressure making this behavior necessary.
Possibly.
Every source I have read on the subject says Neanderthal “emerged” from Africa, but there seems to be scant fossil and DNA evidence to back that up.
As far as I know, no Neanderthal fossils have ever been found in sub-Saharan Africa, and only a few tribes in that region carry Neanderthal DNA.
I have read that Neanderthal fossils have been found in North Africa, but I've never seen them dated.
In sharp contrast, the fossil and DNA record of Neanderthals in Asia and Europe is very large.
From my own reading, I think a good case can be made that Neanderthal evolved from Homo Erectus in southwest Asia about 500,000 years ago, and that all the Neanderthal fossils and DNA in Africa arrived from the outside.
I too have been fascinated by genetics since college. In 1959 I was taught that we all have 8 genes for color. If a pure white person and a pure black person mate, they will have a brown child with 4 white and 4 black genes. However if two people with that combination mate they could have anywhere from an 8 gene white child to an 8 gene black child, or any combination in between. However, the majority of the children would have a 4/4 or 5/3-3/5 distribution. The recent science of epigenetics has found that some environmental influences, like poor nutrition, of a grandparent can influence the well being of a grandchild.
After decades of observation I have concluded there are two main types of people, settlers/farmers and nomads/travelers. I also call them domesticated or wild types. I have always been attracted to the wild types.
America was mostly settled by nomad/wild types. In the families of Europe, only some family members were of the traveling disposition. The settling type usually stayed home unless conditions were very bad. In addition transportation by England of prisoners of war (Scotch and Irish) and political/religious rebellions was practiced. Also many felons and debtors were transported, sold, or indentured. One observer after commenting on how many fair and refined looking women he had seen in America was told the transportation of many “public women” to America was the reason. Thus many of these involuntarily transported might not have been of the nomad type. As the east coast became urban and settled, the more restless continued to move west which may explain some of the current regional political differences. When they got to California, they either settled down there, or if the nomad type went off to Alaska after gold, or back into the Rocky Mountains. These are extremely long and detailed articles on the subject. They include differentiating of Indenture, Transportation, and Slavery:
https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Convict_Labor_During_the_Colonial_Period
There are many factors that can affect regional IQ. Gengis Kahn’s murder of millions in Central Asia and parts of the Middle East still has lingering effects on their populations. The sequestering of women and arranged cousin or uncle marriages cannot be doing IQ’s any favors. The theft of 20 million Africans by slavers cannot have done that continent any good. I too have spent some time analyzing my family. One of my sons was severely dyslexic, but very charming. One day when he was 13, 5 girls phoned home while he was not home. When he arrived, I asked if he was dating all these girls. “Oh no, just two, the others I’m holding in reserve if things don’t work out.” A few years later when he dropped out of high school and was depressed, I told him that with his people skills he could do OK, because he could always get someone (probably a woman) to do his paper work for him. He married a college graduate and tells me one of his sons is a “social genius.” My brother and husband were also dyslexic, but very effective socially. My brother and son are fair haired and my husband a redhead. My other brother, son, and myself are dark haired and don’t have reading problems. As I said genetics is fascinating.
Are you saying that the Aryan Nation and KKK types have been blackmailed by the Left into hating blacks?
Let’s hear it for heterosis, and I don’t mean halitosis. ;-) See below for technical details.
http://www.pnas.org/content/103/35/12957.full
Don’t forget that Muslims follow a religion that requires praying 5 times a day after washing their hands. This religion also has many rules for living, including that you use your left hand to wipe your butt, and your right hand to dip into the communal food tray. With these two very basic sanitation life rules, their population soon outstripped that of the people they conquered, and will continue to do so in underdeveloped areas of the world.
All indentured servants were transported but not all who were transported were indentured servants. Some were convicts and some were politically inconvenient to the powers that be of the time. Many indentured themselves willingly, known as apprenticing out. There were also skilled tradesmen who were essentially recruited that show up as having been transported bcause the cost of their transport across the Atlantic was paid by their future patrons/masters/employers. It’s more complicated than is generally understood.
That is the theory that I remember hearing many years ago and, to me, makes the most sense.
"Like other humans, Neanderthals originated in Africa but migrated to Eurasia long before other humans did. Neanderthals lived across Eurasia, as far north and west as the Britain, through part of the Middle East, to Uzbekistan."https://www.livescience.com/28036-neanderthals-facts-about-our-extinct-human-relatives.html
All very interesting, but the fossil record is still too sketchy.
But if I similarly point out that every race has a different average IQ? RACIST!
___
If you say whites don’t have the highest IQ, Asians do, most are okay with that just as long as youre knocking whites.
It’s PC nonsense for giving Africa credit for something
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Credit for something other than AIDS, Ebola, and hurricanes?
I saved the articles.
Very interesting to me.
I’m at a loss to name an institution not corrupted by the Left. From education, Law, government, mainstream Protestant Churches, the Catholic Church, our military . . . and in recent years, science, the Left soils EVERYTHING it touches.
No republic can long endure this state of affairs.
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