Free Republic
Browse · Search
General/Chat
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

World War Zero brought down mystery civilisation of 'sea people'
New Scientist ^ | May 12, 2016 | Colin Barras

Posted on 05/13/2016 7:38:33 AM PDT by SunkenCiv

The Trojan War was a grander event than even Homer would have us believe. The famous conflict may have been one of the final acts in what one archaeologist has controversially dubbed "World War Zero" -- an event he claims brought the eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age world crashing down 3200 years ago.

And the catalyst for the war? A mysterious and arguably powerful civilisation almost entirely overlooked by archaeologists: the Luwians.

By the second millennium BC, civilisation had taken hold throughout the eastern Mediterranean. The Egyptian New Kingdom coexisted with the Hittites of central Anatolia and the Mycenaeans of mainland Greece, among others.

In little more than a single generation, they had all collapsed. Was the culprit climate change? Some sort of earthquake storm? Social unrest? Archaeologists can't seem to agree.

Eberhard Zangger, head of international non-profit, Luwian Studies, based in Zurich, Switzerland, says that's because one crucial piece of the puzzle is missing. Another powerful civilisation in western Anatolia played a crucial role in the downfall (see video below)...

So what do other archaeologists make of this idea of a lost Luwian civilisation? Many stopped trying to impose this sort of monolithic cultural identity on ancient peoples decades ago, says Christoph Bachhuber at the University of Oxford.

"Archaeologists will need to discover similar examples of monumental art and architecture across western Anatolia and ideally texts from the same sites to support Zangger's claim of a civilisation," he says.

The textual evidence available is mainly from post-Bronze age and it paints a slightly confusing picture, which could be seen as both supporting and undermining Zangger's theory, says Ilya Yakubovich, a historical linguist at the Philipp University of Marburg, Germany.

(Excerpt) Read more at newscientist.com ...


TOPICS: History; Science
KEYWORDS: 1177bc; 19thdynasty; 25thdynasty; aegean; anatolia; arzawa; arzawan; arzawans; boghazkoy; bronzeage; bronzeagecollapse; catastrophism; christophbachhuber; eberhardzangger; egypt; emilforrer; epigraphyandlanguage; ericcline; erichcline; godsgravesglyphs; hattusa; hattusas; hittite; hittites; ilyayakubovich; luwian; luwians; luwianstudies; lydia; lydians; mycenaean; mycenaeans; newkingdom; peopleofthesea; seapeople; seapeoples; switzerland; trojanwar; worldwarzero; zurich
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-62 next last
To: SunkenCiv

http://longnow.org/seminars/02016/jan/11/1177-bc-when-civilization-collapsed/


21 posted on 05/13/2016 1:21:06 PM PDT by ameribbean expat (When the going gets weird, the weird go professional.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

Dead languages ||| Anatolia / Languages
Luwian language
Also called: Luvian; Luish
http://i-cias.com/e.o/luwian_l.htm
https://www.reading.ac.uk/web/MultimediaFiles/luwian.jpg

Detail of Stele of Sultanhan. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara, Turkey.

Extinct Indo-European language spoken by the Luwians, an ancient people of southern Anatolia. It was spoken from before 2000, lasting until 200 BCE.

Luwian is closely related to Hittite, Palaic and Lydian. It is the ancestor, or close to the ancestor, of Lycian. Some theories make Luwian the language of the people of Troy. After the fall of the Hittite Empire, Luwian was spoken in some of the city states emerging after the fall of the Hittite Empire, like Milid and Carchemish.
Our main sources are from cuneiform tablets found in the Hittite archives at Hattusha. Luwian was also written with a form of hieroglyphs beginning in the 18th century and would last until the 8th century BCE. Luwian hieroglyphs are not believed to be derived from the Egyptian counterpart, having a structure and appearance quite different.

There are differences in language between the cuneiform and hieroglyphic; cuneiform was in Central Luwian, hieroglyphic in Eastern Luwian.

At a later stage, from around 600-200 BCE, West Luwian emerged as the most important language, being written with an alphabet.

By Tore Kjeilen


22 posted on 05/13/2016 1:53:39 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

Luwian
http://www.ancientscripts.com/luwian.html

Luwian Identities
Culture, Language and Religion Between Anatolia and the Aegean
Edited by Alice Mouton CNRS, Ian Rutherford Reading University, and Ilya Yakubovich Moscow State University
http://www.brill.com/luwian-identities
http://www.brill.com/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/ftp/images/products/295x295/49203.jpg?itok=PAG-lytP
http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/books/9789004253414
https://www.reading.ac.uk/classics/research/class-research-luwian.aspx

Kingdoms of Anatolia - Kizzuwatna
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/AnatoliaKizzuwatna.htm


23 posted on 05/13/2016 1:58:04 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

To: Hootowl

Theses For The Reconstruction Of Ancient History
From The End Of The Middle Kingdom In Egypt To The Advent Of Alexander The Great
By Immanuel Velikovsky [1945]
http://www.varchive.org/ce/theses.htm

(see #258 - 275)


24 posted on 05/13/2016 2:05:22 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 18 | View Replies]

To: wildbill; smalltownslick; mjp; ZULU; samtheman; Jimmy Valentine; tbw2; Yollopoliuhqui; Jonty30; ...
The Sea Peoples are a modern invention, used to wave away problems created by blind acceptance of the conventional pseudochronology.

There are two references to them in Egyptian contemporary records, which are misdated by centuries anyway. There are otherwise no ancient references to them anywhere.

They left no characteristic pottery, no geographic traces, no towns, no tombs, no distinctive burials, no characteristic armor, no characteristic weapons, identifiable rulers (including conquerors of the lands they supposedly conquered) or king-lists, no written records in their own right, no coins, and perhaps most significantly, no wrecks -- the last one being pretty damned peculiar for a massive group of seagoing conquerors. :')

25 posted on 05/13/2016 2:10:44 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 16 | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv
I thought they were Phoenicians.

Even down to the Philistine style feather hats.


26 posted on 05/13/2016 2:24:06 PM PDT by BenLurkin (The above is not a statement of fact. It is either satire or opinion. Or both.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 25 | View Replies]

To: BenLurkin

There are no “Philistine style feather hats” — the need to find someone, anyone, to play the role of “Sea Peoples” led those Persians to be called Philistines.


27 posted on 05/13/2016 2:42:25 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 26 | View Replies]

To: ameribbean expat; BenLurkin; Hootowl; Jimmy Valentine; Jonty30; mjp; ProtectOurFreedom; ...

I should have pointed out that Zangger’s also equated the Trojan War with Plato’s story of Atlantis — this should get some blood circulating. ;’)

And no, Thera/Crete was *not* Atlantis — if Atlantis wasn’t exactly where Plato placed it — in the Atlantic Ocean (hence the name), it was entirely an invention for a couple of his dialogues. His is literally the only ancient source of the legend.

The Flood from Heaven: Deciphering the Atlantis Legend
by Eberhard Zangger
http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1960683.The_Flood_from_Heaven


28 posted on 05/13/2016 2:45:24 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv

Oh.....Kayyyyyy


29 posted on 05/13/2016 2:51:34 PM PDT by BenLurkin (The above is not a statement of fact. It is either satire or opinion. Or both.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 27 | View Replies]

To: mjp

That is a gray area.


30 posted on 05/13/2016 3:08:14 PM PDT by ProtectOurFreedom
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 12 | View Replies]

To: BenLurkin

Helmet or headdress of Persian archer, from a bas-relief of Persepolis, B.C. 560. Cast is found in the British Museum.
http://www.bible-history.com/admin1/image/thumbs/Helmet-Or-Headdress-Of-Persian-Archer-From-Bas-Relief-Of-Persepolis-BC560.gif


31 posted on 05/13/2016 3:14:17 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 29 | View Replies]

To: mjp

They were a minor mode. /rimshot

> Most scholars doubt that the Dorian invasion was the main cause of the collapse of the Mycenean civilization.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorians#The_Dorian_invasion


32 posted on 05/13/2016 3:17:24 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 12 | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv

The Etruscans were Luwians.


33 posted on 05/13/2016 3:26:42 PM PDT by MUDDOG
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv

Processional Frieze, Persepolis

34 posted on 05/13/2016 4:02:00 PM PDT by Fred Nerks (Fair Dinkum!)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 31 | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv

35 posted on 05/13/2016 6:24:47 PM PDT by Redcitizen
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SunkenCiv

Just catching up. . .the placement of Atlantis is based on Plato saying that it was beyond the Pillars of Hercules, usually interpreted to mean beyond Gibraltar. However, there was another set of ancient “pillars” in the Aegean Sea, not far from Thera, also known as the Pillars of Hercules, so Atlantis could very well be Thera.


36 posted on 05/13/2016 9:37:33 PM PDT by Hootowl
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 28 | View Replies]

To: Jonty30
Not this one. The Turks were small tribes in central Asia at the time.

The Arabs, however, could be blamed for the Amorite invasion of Babylon and the Hyksos takeover of Egypt... but these were probably not the cause of the Bronze age collapse, which occurred later.

see Eric Cline's book 1177BC

37 posted on 05/13/2016 9:43:45 PM PDT by LadyDoc (liberals only love politically correct poor people..)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 2 | View Replies]

To: LadyDoc

There’s some writings from the period in Egypt that indicates that the Egyptians were trying socialism and it was going about as well as most socialist states.


38 posted on 05/13/2016 10:01:56 PM PDT by RedWulf (End Free trade.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 37 | View Replies]

To: Hootowl
I'd read that as well, in the 1970s. That second set of pillars is a modern invention. And Plato's description continues, making it quite clear of the location. Further, he gives its size, gives an age -- the only way to move Plato's Atlantis is to throw out his entire tale, which is the only source of the legend.

39 posted on 05/14/2016 12:07:25 AM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 36 | View Replies]

To: MUDDOG

I agree, wholeheartedly, that entire milieu — Luwians/Lydians/Arzawans, Minoans, Carians, Lemnians, Etruscans — are at least cousins. There are Etruscan tomb interiors that look like they were cut in the bedrock of Crete.


40 posted on 05/14/2016 12:14:29 AM PDT by SunkenCiv (I'll tell you what's wrong with society -- no one drinks from the skulls of their enemies anymore.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 33 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first previous 1-2021-4041-6061-62 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
General/Chat
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson