Posted on 03/12/2020 1:19:40 AM PDT by Zhang Fei
Chloroquine might be getting new life as an antiviral treatment for the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and has infected some 25,000 people in more than 25 countries. For decades, the drug was a front-line treatment and prophylactic for malaria.
In a three-page paper published Tuesday in Cell Research, scientists at the Wuhan Institute of Virology’s State Key Laboratory of Virology write that both chloroquine and the antiviral remdesivir were, individually, “highly effective” at inhibiting replication of the novel coronavirus in cell culture. Their drug screen evaluated five other drugs that were not effective. The authors could not be reached for comment.
Though the paper is brief, John Lednicky, a professor at the University of Florida’s Emerging Pathogens Institute, found its results intriguing. “It’s interesting in that it really lacks a lot of details but, nevertheless, if you look at the data as presented, at least in vitro, it seems like chloroquine can be used as an early-stage drug,” he said. “It would be very good if these types of experiments were repeated by more laboratories to see whether the same results occur across the board.”
Chloroquine is a synthetic form of quinine, a compound found in the bark of cinchona trees native to Peru and used for centuries to treat malaria. Chloroquine was an essential element of mass drug administration campaigns to combat malaria throughout the second half of the 20th century, and remains one of the World Health Organization’s essential medicines. However, after the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax began exhibiting resistance to the drug in the 1960s and 1980s, respectively, it was replaced by similar antimalarial compounds and combination therapies. Chloroquine is still widely used against the three other species of plasmodium and to treat autoimmune disorders and some cases
(Excerpt) Read more at asbmb.org ...
Commenter at MedPageToday:
@Richard Dobson
Chloroquine phosphate is recently reported as recommended for COVID-19 in China, at 500mg bid, 10 day course. This news doesn't seem to have gotten around.
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2020 Feb 20;43(0):E019. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0019.
[Expert consensus on chloroquine phosphate for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia].
multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia.
Abstract
At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an outbreak in Wuhan, and has quickly spread to all provinces in China and 26 other countries around the world, leading to a serious situation for epidemic prevention. So far, there is still no specific medicine. Previous studies have shown that chloroquine phosphate (chloroquine) had a wide range of antiviral effects, including anti-coronavirus. Here we found that treating the patients diagnosed as novel coronavirus pneumonia with chloroquine might improve the success rate of treatment, shorten hospital stay and improve patient outcome. In order to guide and regulate the use of chloroquine in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, the multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia developed this expert consensus after extensive discussion. It recommended chloroquine phosphate tablet, 500mg twice per day for 10 days for patients diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia and without contraindications to chloroquine.
Excerpt from Virology Journal:
Chloroquine, a relatively safe, effective and cheap drug used for treating many human diseases including malaria, amoebiosis and human immunodeficiency virus is effective in inhibiting the infection and spread of SARS CoV in cell culture. The fact that the drug has significant inhibitory antiviral effect when the susceptible cells were treated either prior to or after infection suggests a possible prophylactic and therapeutic use.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=U7F1cnWup9M&feature=youtu.be
Video. The internet is amazing!
No.
Like the 40 other drug and vaccines mentioned, what will help is this thing running its course and then going away.
The article here now remind if the five thousands cancer cure articles I’ve read since I was 8.
When something is being used on a large scale because it has been proven to work in a controlled study, then it’s worth printing.
It is what it is.
This too shall pass.
[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=U7F1cnWup9M&feature=youtu.be
Video. The internet is amazing!]
So, Gin and Tonic will work?
I was given chloroquine a few years back went I went to East Timor. Maybe I should have kept the pills rather than flushing them down the toilet.
On the serious side, I can’t remember the last time a disease generated so many “cures”. It seems there have been dozens of medicines, vitamins and tricks that “could work” against COVID-19. Quinine is just the latest “one weird trick”.
COVID-19 Update As of 03/11/2020 23:13 PST
These numbers include Mainland China and All Others globally
The good news this morning is that yesterday 03/11/20 mid afternoon PDT, Taiwan began reporting it's
own numbers again. Hong Kong and Macau's numbers are now reported with Mainland China's numbers.
I had trust in Hong Kong and Macau's numbers. Now, not so much.
Global Trends.
Declared Cases
. Declared Deceased
. . Declared Recovered
. . . Declared Resolved
Date . . . . Cases Remining Active
-----------------------------------------------------------------
03/03: 93,160 3,198 50,690 53,888 39,272
03/04: 95,425 3,286 53,399 56,685 38,740
03/05: 98,387 3,383 55,441 58,824 39,563
03/06: 102,188 3,491 57,389 60,880 41,308
03/07: 106,165 3,977 59,965 63,559 42,606
03/08: 110,041 3,825 62,000 65,825 44,216
03/09: 114,452 4,026 64,169 68,195 46,257
03/10: 119,132 4,284 65,776 70,060 49,072
03/11: 126,258 4,638 68,284 72,922 53,336
Daily Global GrowthNumbers for the last nine days:
03/03: 2,223 03/04: 2,265 03/05: 2,962 03/06: 3,801 03/07: 3,977 03/08: 3,876 03/09: 4,411 03/10: 4,680 03/11: 7,126Lets face it, the numbers of new reported cases is overwhelming at the moment.
Today, the John's Hopkins University site reported out half the recovered numbers
by noon, and more by late afternoon PDT. It was reasoned, and for the first time
in ten days, appropriate.
The last column there shows the numbers of active cases. You will note how
they were dropping, then started increasing again. Here are the last nine days
drop & then growth numbers.
03/03: -494 03/04: -532 03/05: 823 03/06: 1,745 03/07: 1,298 03/08: 1,610 03/09: 2,041 03/10: 2,815 03/11: 4,264Observations:
As you can tell, the active cases are heating up. With this type of daily
growth, we will top the old peak of 58,809 active cases within thirty-six
hours. The previous peak was reached on 02/17/20, so we had 23 days to
enjoy lower numbers. Later today on the 12th, or possible in the early
morning hours of the 13th, we will be in uncharted terriotry again.
The mortality rate that went as low as 5.65% on the 7th, has now
grown back up to 6.36%. The majority of new cases are coming from outside
China. Again, in a few days, we should see the lag upswing in recovered
patients growing considerably. When that happens, it will take some of the
pressure off the growth in activecases, and the up-ticks in the mortality rate.
There was an uptick in resolved cases today. I hope we are beginning to see
ripe cases bearing recovery fruit. It will take a day or two to see if these
elevated numbers remain, or if that was a single day fluke.
COVID-19 cases outside China now make up 72.10% of global active cases.
The growth rate of active cases today was 5,608 active cases.
The numbers and percentages of resolved cases has continued to hold up pretty
well. On 03/07 at 18:03 PST the percentage peaked at 59.918% of all documented
cases having been resolved. As of the EOD 03/11, that percentage had slid to
57.756%. With these massive 'out of control' reports of new cases popping up,
it's a wonder we're still talking about over 55% of all declared cases having
been resolved.
These numbers address the cases outside of Mainland China.
Outside Mainland China Trends
Declared Cases
. Declared Deceased
. . Declared Recovered
. . . Declared Resolved
Date . . . . Cases Remaining Active
-----------------------------------------------------------------
03/03 12,890 217 837 1,054 11,836
03/04 15,015 279 1,222 1,501 13,514
03/05 17,832 341 1,685 2,026 15,806
03/06 21,537 421 1,986 2,407 19,130
03/07 25,470 497 2,871 3,368 22,102
03/08 29,285 706 3,389 4,095 25,190
03/09 33,696 890 4,258 5,148 28,548
03/10 38,176 1,122 4,206 5,328 32,848
03/11 45,326 1,466 5,404 6,870 38,456
You'll see a dip in the declared recovered numbers on the 10th. I believe thatDaily Outsdie Mainland China Growth
Numbers for the last nine days:
03/03: 2,223 03/04: 2,265 03/05: 2,962 03/06: 3,801 03/07: 3,977 03/08: 3,876 03/09: 4,411 03/10: 4,480 03/11: 7,150The last column there shows the numbers of active cases. Here are the last nine
03/03: 2,015 03/04: 1,678 03/05: 2,292 03/06: 3,324 03/07: 2,972 03/08: 3,088 03/09: 3,358 03/10: 4,300 03/11: 5,608The United States saw growth of 26.52% of new cases on 03/11. I would like to see
The Process
JHU says there are about 116 nations reporting right now. I'm tracking eight other
entities that have dropped off their reports. I'm not sure why this happens, but I
don't want to have the numbers I've captured, deleted. They'll remain in my database.
There have been various head-aches with JHU data reporting recently.
1. JHU was reporting out New Cases and Deaths early, then waiting ten hours to post
recovery numbers. That changed today, after ten days. A large number of recovery
numbers were released before noon PDT, and then again before 18:00. Much better.
2. JHU seems to have more than one person entering data. A nation will be entered
as follows. South Korea. An new tech comes in and sees numbers for the Republic
of South Korea and enters them under that name. Sometimes they have two listings for
one nation. Other times they'll delect the old name listing, enter the data under the
new name. The next day the other person comes in and balks at the change, and changes
it back. What a major pin. I'm deleting and adding in new entities constantly.
3. Today they cleaned up their files and deleted about five entities. I've been keeping
records for those entities for a few days or for up to a week or more. All of a sudden
the entity isn't on the list. Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
I have manipulate the data to post rigth under where I need to update. As I go along,
the data lines up. All of a sudden it doesn't. Entities are added, they disappear, or
they are relocated. I've come up with a pretty decent way to deal with this. Before I
had done so, it took me over an hour to process one update that generally takes just ten
minutes or so.
4. Then there is the issue of the three main numbers they post. Total Cases, Deaths, and
Recoveries. Lets say they update at 23:23. (Side note: They almost always post the
new report on the threes. That doesn't always happen, but you can look at the spread
sheet and see it happens what seems like 90% plus of the time.) JHU will put up a new
report. A few minutes after that report, they start updating the main numbers.
The problem is, I downlod the death numbers list. I download the recovery numbers list.
I also download the list of nations and their declared cases.
If I don't catch it just right, they update things before I've completed capturing the
data. And it only takes me a minute or two to do that.
As of today I am beginning to update from the lists. Nations, deaths, and recoveries.
In this manner, I can match up the data. I have to do that so that I can make sure I've
entered my data accurately. I use check sums, and have the computer add sums so that I
can check them manually.
When JHU, changes things, it causes my proces to go squirrely. And I have enough issues
with that on my own. LOL
Hot Spots
Let's look at how those numbers have changed over the last nine days.
South
Italy Iran Korea France Spain Germany U.S.A.
03/03:
03/04: 3,089 2,322 5,756 285 222 262 159
03/05: 3,858 3,513 6,294 423 282 545 233
03/06: 4,636 4,747 6,767 653 401 670 338
03/07: 5,883 5,823 7,134 949 525 800 433
03/08: 7,375 6,566 7,382 1,209 673 1,040 554
03/09: 9,172 7,161 7,513 1,412 1,231 1,224 754
03/10: 10,149 8,042 7,755 1,784 1,695 1,565 1,037
03/11: 12.462 9,000 7,869 2,284 2,277 1,966 1,312
These seven nations/entities account for 82% of the global numbers outside China. Here's the amount and percentage for each, and the accumulative total
percent of all Outside Mainland China cases they account for.
12,462 27.49% Italy
9,000 19.86% Iran
7,869 17.36% South Korea
2,284 05.04% France
2,277 05.02% Spain
1,966 04.34% Germany
1,312 02.89% the USA
-------------
82.00% of all cases outside of China...
This explains how many people there are to one case in these entities:Globally : 145,680 Mainland China: 93,145 Outside China : 202,049 The U. S. A. : 261,599Good night...
All data below sourced from Johns Hopkins University: LINK
I have been downloading three to five reports per day since 01/27. I have then
worked up numbers that should give a very good representation of numbers that
have been provided to the public via that site.
In my spreadsheet linked below, you'll find global numbers including China. You
will find a separate section addressing just the Outside China figures. Then
there is now also a section with just the United States stats in there. There
are also a lot of special stats broken out for you to browse. The history of
115 nations and their numbers from day one of their reporting.
You're welcome to it.
COVID-19 Spreadsheet using JHU data
I now have an XLS file again, but it is for viewing only. I had to do a wrap-
around to get it to fit in the XLS file format. On the top right you will see
nations 1-70 listed. I cut and pasted nations 71-115 under them. You'll
see what I mean.
[It seems there have been dozens of medicines, vitamins and tricks that “could work” against COVID-19. Quinine is just the latest “one weird trick”.]
https://aac.asm.org/content/53/8/3416
Thanks against for all the legwork.
No problem. Just a hobby. I enjoy working with the numbers.
Take care...
Thanks. The guy says you need double blind trials. Problem is - who gets the placebo? And who makes the decision. In a situation like this, I’d hate to be the guy rolling the dice.
_____________________________
Double blinds are the way to go if you’ve got the time and luxury to conduct them, but when you are in the middle of pandemic war, you go with what may work. What have you got to lose? Chloroquine when administered properly is safe, as is zinc. Each to his own in dealing with this bug.
IIRC, chloroquine had some serious effects for Africans and those with African ancestry (e.g. African Americans). The worst being dermatitis that caused serious, painful itching. Enough so that some chose to not finish the full course of treatment.
CC
What a lovely job you’ve done, that’s a lot of work! I’ve gotten a bit saturated with stats after so many weeks, and now that we know exactly what it’s going to do here unless incredible interventions are used, it’s almost hard to look at the numbers.
Have you seen Trevor Bedford’s projections?
I guess more Vodka and TONIC is on order and less Wine.
Trust nothing from the Wuhan lab that inflicted this on the world.
The people passing them out don't know and can't tell who is getting placebo until the first of the daily blood samples are taken. At that point, 50% of the people in the study will be found to have no trace of the substance being tested.
One of my great uncles did a lot of research and then novel surgical procedures and that's the way he explained it to me when I was a kid. I'm sure there are plenty of other ways to go about it.
Have a couple hundred tablets of Quinine.
Multiple uses
btt
OH, the huge manatee of it!!!!!
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