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Posted on 01/24/2026 3:50:35 PM PST by Who is John Galt?
...In a newly filed brief at the Supreme Court, the Trump admin. isn’t arguing politics or modern talking points, like so many experts thought they would... They’re arguing history. And once you see what they put on the record, it’ll be clear to you why this entire “birthright” debate has been shut down for so long.
What Team Trump put in front of the Supreme Court of the United States was a very long paper trail showing how birthright citizenship has been understood for decades after the 14th Amendment was ratified...
The 14th Amendment doesn’t say that anyone born on US soil is automatically a citizen. It says citizenship applies to those born in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof.
That second part is the key…
Being “subject to the jurisdiction” didn’t just mean being physically here. It meant a lot more. It meant allegiance and being fully under US authority… not just temporarily hanging out on a layover while having loyalty to another country.
According to the historical record laid out in the brief, legal scholars, judges, and commentators from the late 1800s into the early 1900s said the same thing over and over: children born to parents who were only temporarily in the United States were not automatically citizens. That means tourists, travelers, and foreign nationals just passing through were not treated as citizens by default.
And this wasn’t some random, fringe interpretation. It shows up again and again in popular legal writings from that time. The widely accepted assumption was that citizenship meant being an actual part of the American political community, not just your geographical location at the time of birth...
(Excerpt) Read more at revolver.news ...
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The text of the constitution is clear and easily understandable.
It’s the left that always changes language and the meaning of words to gaslight the public.
It's a "living document," hadn't you heard?
Thanks. Has it really been a couple of days since the last one?
Block your ears.
💣
RE: hadn’t you heard?
May have had ears ringing from the last bombshell.
Ketanji-Brown is going to be confused by all of this.
Whoever controls the terms wins the debate. Leftists will redefine the terms. They’ll force you to argue on their terms. If you argue on their terms you will always lose.
For example, if the topic is illegal aliens, the left will insist on using the term “immigrants”. This conflates illegal aliens with legal immigrants. This is how the left wins. And the right usually goes along with the charade.
No other country makes you a citizen automatically if you’re born there
An important part of this is that the SCOTUS always cites precedent in its opinions.
Trump has put this specific list of precedents into the record, and any opinion that argues against the administration’s position will have to address these cases.
Anything that can possibly be "confusing" to this Justice will automatically be labeled........... Yes.............. Raaaaaacist!
For Reference Bump!
More bombshells that the Battle of Verdun. Fewer casualties than the Battle of Caracas.
That pesky “penumbra” thing...
This is how the left wins. And the right usually goes along with the charade.
.....
I voted in 2024 for the obliteration and draining of the charade.
Did Hannity certify it? If not it’s not up to the mark of a real genuine earth shattering oh, don’t fool me again, bombshell.
Just tell her that women can be citizens. She'll have to recuse herself because she's publicly admitted she doesn't know what a woman is.
The government's birthright brief has been filed. The most impressive part, which I hadn't fully appreciated since my focus has been the common law, is the sheer number of commentators who presumed for decades that temporary visitors didn't qualify for birthright citizenship: pic.twitter.com/AtjsRrr4MJ— Ilan Wurman (@ilan_wurman) January 21, 2026
The historical facts and original intent is right here in the brief...
https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/25/25-365/392236/20260120203524283_25-365BarbaraGovtBr.pdf
TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
Cases:
Afroyim v. Rusk, 387 U.S. 253 (1967) ................................. 46
Barr v. AAPC, Inc., 591 U.S. 610 (2020) ............................. 43
Benny v. O’Brien, 32 A. 696 (N.J. Sup. Ct. 1895) ... 12, 26, 33
Berenyi v. District Director, 385 U.S. 630 (1967) .............. 47
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) ........... 47
Carlson v. Reed, 249 F.3d 876 (9th Cir. 2001) .................... 30
Chin Bak Kan v. United States, 186 U.S. 193 (1902) ........ 36
DHS v. Thuraissigiam, 591 U.S. 103 (2020) ...................... 29
District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008) ....... 5, 43
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 19 How. 393 (1857) ......... 2, 5, 13, 17
Elk v. Wilkins, 112 U.S. 94, 100 (1884) ................... 2, 3, 11, 13-15, 18, 19, 21
Elkins v. Moreno, 435 U.S. 647 (1978) ................................ 30
Ex parte, Quirin, 317 U.S. 1 (1942) ..................................... 39
Fong Yue Ting v. United States, 149 U.S. 698 (1893)........................................................ 11, 20
Franchise Tax Board v. Hyatt, 587 U.S. 230 (2019) .......... 21
General Building Contractors Ass’n v. Pennsylvania, 458 U.S. 375 (1982) ................................................ 17, 42
Haaland v. Brackeen, 599 U.S. 255 (2023) ......................... 38
Hardy v. De Leon, 5 Tex. 211 (1849) ................................... 22
Holmes v. Jennison, 39 U.S. 540 (1840) .............................. 40
Inglis v. Trustees of the Sailor’s Snug Harbour, 3 Pet. 99 (1830) .............................................................. 16, 22
INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983) ..................................... 47
Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 U.S. 763 (1950) ...................... 31
Kawakita v. United States, 343 U.S. 717 (1952)................. 46
Kerry v. Din, 576 U.S. 86 (2015) .......................................... 29
Kwock Jan Fat v. White, 253 U.S. 454 (1920) ..................... 36
Lamar v. Micou, 112 U.S. 452 (1884) .................................. 21
Landon v. Plasencia, 459 U.S. 21 (1982) ............................ 31
Lau Ow Bew v. United States, 144 U.S. 47 (1892) ............. 20
Ludlam v. Ludlam, 31 Barb. 486 (N.Y. Gen. Term 1860) ................................................. 11, 41
Lynch v. Clarke, 1 Sand. Ch. 538 (1844) .............................. 41
Mackey v. Coxe, 18 How. 100 (1855) .................................... 38
Martinez v. Bynum, 461 U.S. 321 (1983) ............................ 19
Miller v. Albright, 523 U.S. 420 (1998) ................................ 46
Minor v. Happersett, 21 Wall. 162 (1875) ............. 2, 6, 11, 19
New Hampshire Indonesian Community Support v. Trump, 765 F. Supp. 3d 102 (D.N.H. 2025) ..................... 10
Noem v. Vasquez Perdomo, No. 25A169 (Sept. 8, 2025) ........................................................................ 8
NYSRPA v. Bruen, 597 U.S. 1 (2022) ................................. 40
Office of the U.S. Trustee v. John Q. Hammons Fall 2006, LLC, 602 U.S. 487 (2024) .......................................... 43
Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta, 597 U.S. 629 (2022) .............. 44
Park v. Barr, 946 F.3d 1096 (9th Cir. 2020) ........................ 30
Powell v. McCormack, 395 U.S. 486 (1969) ......................... 43
Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1878) ................... 32
Robertson v. Cease, 97 U.S. 646 (1878) .......................... 20, 21
Rogers v. Bellei, 401 U.S. 815 (1971) ................................... 46
Savorgnan v. United States, 338 U.S. 491 (1950) .............. 45
Sessions v. Morales-Santana, 582 U.S. 47 (2017) .............. 43
Shanks v. Dupont, 3 Pet. 242 (1830) .................................... 21
Slaughter-House Cases, 16 Wall. 36 (1873) ................ 2, 5, 24
Taggart v. Lorenzen, 587 U.S. 554 (2019) ........................... 44
The Pizarro, 2 Wheat. 227 (1817) .................................. 11, 20
The Schooner Exchange v. McFaddon, 7 Cranch 116 (1812) ...................................................... 39, 40
The Venus, 8 Cranch 253 (1814) ........................................... 19
Toll v. Moreno, 458 U.S. 1 (1982) ......................................... 30
Trejo v. Blinken, No. 22-cv-47, 2024 WL 2091356 (S.D. Tex. May 9, 2024) ........................................................ 9
Trump v. CASA, Inc., 606 U.S. 831 (2025)................ 7, 32, 35
Tuan Ahn Nguyen v. INS, 533 U.S. 53 (2001) ................... 28
United States v. Kagama, 118 U.S. 275 (1886) ................... 38
United States v. Manzi, 276 U.S. 463 (1928) .................. 9, 47
United States v. Rahimi, 602 U.S. 680 (2024) .................... 40
United States v. Rogers, 4 How. 567 (1846) ........................ 38
United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649 (1898)............ 3, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 24, 29, 32-40
United States ex rel. Turner v. Williams, 194 U.S. 279 (1904).............................................................. 31
Verlinden B.V. v. Central Bank of Nigeria, 461 U.S. 480 (1983).............................................................. 40
Wilkins v. United States, 598 U.S. 152 (2023) .................... 14
Winton v. Amos, 255 U.S. 373 (1921) .................................. 38
Constitution, treaty, statutes, and regulations:
U.S. Const.:
Art. I § 8, Cl. 3 (Indian Commerce Clause) .................. 38
Amend. XIV, § 1 (Citizenship Clause) ............. 2, 5, 11, 13-15, 20, 42, 1a
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations art. 41, done Apr. 18, 1961, 23 U.S.T. 3227 .................................... 39
Act of Mar. 26, 1790, ch. 3, 1 Stat. 104 ................................. 46
Act of Apr. 30, 1790, ch. 9, § 25, 1 Stat. 117 ......................... 39
British Nationality Act 1981, c. 61, § 1 (U.K.) .................... 10
Civil Rights Act of 1866 (Civil Rights Act), ch. 31, 14 Stat. 27 .............................................................................. 5
§ 1, 14 Stat. 27 .............................................................. 5, 17
Enforcement Act of 1870, ch. 114, § 18, 16 Stat. 144 .......... 42
General Crimes Act of 1817, ch. 92, § 1, 3 Stat. 383 ........... 38
General Crimes Act of 1834, ch. 46, § 25, 4 Stat. 733 ......... 38
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, ch. 477, § 301, 66 Stat. 235-236 .......................................................... 6
Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, ch. 233, 43 Stat. 253 ......... 37
Nationality Act § 401(a), 54 Stat. 1168 ................................ 46
Nationality Act of 1940, ch. 876, 54 Stat. 1137 .................................................................... 6, 45
§ 201(a), 54 Stat. 1138 ....................................................... 6
8 U.S.C. 1401 .................................................................... 44, 1a
8 U.S.C. 1401(a) ................................................ 6, 13, 43-45, 47
8 U.S.C. 1401(b) ............................................................... 37, 45
8 U.S.C. 1401(b)-(h) ............................................................... 45
8 U.S.C. 1401(c) ................................................................ 45, 46
8 U.S.C. 1448(a) ..................................................................... 46
18 U.S.C. 1152 ........................................................................ 38
42 U.S.C. 1983 ........................................................................ 44
Cal. Political Code § 51(1) (1872) ......................................... 25
Mont. Political Code § 71(1) (1895) ...................................... 25
N.D. Political Code § 11(1) (1895) ........................................ 25
Protecting the American People Against Invasion, Exec. Order No. 14,159, 90 Fed. Reg. 8443 (Jan. 29, 2025) .................................................................... 4, 8
Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship, Exec. Order No. 14,160, 90 Fed. Reg. 8449 (Jan. 29, 2025) .............................. 4, 6, 3a
§ 1 .................................................................................... 7, 9
§ 2(a) ................................................................................... 7
§ 2(b) ................................................................................... 7
§ 3(a) ................................................................................... 7
§ 3(b) ................................................................................... 7
22 C.F.R. 41.31(b)(2)(i) ............................................................ 9
Miscellaneous:
2 A Digest of the International Law of the United States § 183 (Francis Wharton ed., 2d ed. 1887) ....... 25, 26
George Bancroft, Oration (Apr. 25, 1865), reprinted in The Pulpit and Rostrum, Nos. 34 & 35 (June 1865) .................................................... 23
1 William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765) .................................................................... 15
1 Hugh H.L. Bellott, Leading Cases on International Law (4th ed. 1922)...................................... 28
Henry Campbell Black, Handbook of American Constitutional Law (1895) ................................................. 27
Henry Brannon, A Treatise on the Rights and Privileges Guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States (1901) ........................................................................ 27
Comment, Citizenship of Children of Alien Chinese, 7 Yale L.J. 365 (1898) ......................................................... 42
Alexander Cockburn, Nationality (1869) ........................... 20
Commissioners of the Code, The Political Code of the State of New York § 5 (1860).............................................. 22
Thomas Cooley, The General Principles of Constitutional Law in the United States of America (1880) ........ 18
Cong. Globe, 35th Cong., 1st Sess. (1858) ........................... 23
Cong. Globe, 35th Cong., 2d Sess. (1859) ............................ 23
Cong. Globe, 39th Cong. 1st Sess. (1866) ........... 3, 11, 17, 18, 23, 24
86 Cong. Rec. 11,944 (1940) .................................................. 46
William Edward Hall, A Treatise on International Law (4th ed. 1895) .............................................................. 27
Samuel Estreicher & Rudra Reddy, Revisiting the Scope of Birthright Citizenship (rev. Sept. 22, 2025), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5223361............................................................ 25
John Fine, Lectures on Law (1852) ..................................... 16
David Dudley Field, Outlines of an International Code (2d ed. 1876) ............................................................... 41
H.R. Rep. No. 1365, 82d Cong., 2d Sess. (1952) ............. 6, 45
H.W. Halleck, International Law (1861) ............................ 20
Henry C. Ide, Citizenship by Birth, 30 Am. L. Rev. 241 (1896) .................................................. 43
Sidney Kansas, Immigration and Nationality Act Annotated (1953) ................................................................ 16
2 James Kent, Commentaries on American Law (5th ed. 1844) ....................................................................... 27
Kurt T. Lash, Prima Facie Citizenship (rev. Aug. 13, 2025), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5140319 ..................................... 16
M.A. Lesser, Citizenship and Franchise, 4 Colum. L. Rev. Times 145 (1891) ................................... 31
Letter from F.A. Reeve, Acting Solicitor of the Treasury, to the Secretary of the Treasury, Mar. 4, 1890, in 11 Documents of the Assembly of the State of New York, One Hundred and Thirteenth Session, 1890, No. 74 (1890) ............................................... 31
Letter from Sen. Lyman Trumbull to President Andrew Johnson, reprinted in Andrew Johnson Papers, Reel, Manuscript Div. Library of Congress ...... 24
Legislation Denying Citizenship at Birth to Certain Children Born in the U.S., 19 Op. O.L.C. 340 (1995) ........ 6
Alexander Porter Morse, A Treatise on Citizenship (1881) ................................................................................ 3, 26
Note of Major General Hurlbut, Feb. 5, 1865, https://catalog.archives.gov/id/188124588?objectPage=70 .................................................................... 23
10 Op. Att’y Gen. 382 (1862) ................................................. 17
1 Theophilus Parsons, The Law of Contracts (5th ed. 1864) ....................................................................... 16
4 Robert Phillimore, Commentaries Upon International Law (2d ed. 1874) .............................................. 20, 30
Report of the Comm. on Foreign Affairs Concerning the Rights of American Citizens in Foreign States, in Cong. Globe, 40th Cong., 2d Sess. App. 95 (1868) ...... 41
Restatement (First) of Conflict of Laws (1934) ................. 30
Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws (1971) .............. 30
Restatement (Third) of Foreign Relations Law (1987) .................................................................................... 39
Durward V. Sandifer, A Comparative Study of Laws Relating to Nationality at Birth and to Loss of Nationality, 29 Am. J. Int’l L. (1935) ............................... 47
1 Charles H. Scribner, A Treatise on the Law of Dower (1867) ....................................................................... 16
Spanish Treaty Claims Comm’n, U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Final Report of William Wallace Brown, Assistant Attorney-General (1910) .................................. 37
SSA, Guidance on Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship (Executive Order 14,160) (July 25, 2025) ....................................................... 8
1 Staff of the House Comm. on Immigration & Naturalization, 76th Cong., 1st Sess. Nationality Laws of the United States (Comm. Print 1939) ................. 6
Staff of the Senate Comm. on Homeland Sec. & Governmental Affairs, Report on Birth Tourism in the United States: Minority Staff Report (2022), https://perma.cc/C8SAZG8X .............................................. 9
Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Conflict of Laws (1834) ................................................................................ 3, 22
Hannis Taylor, A Treatise on International Law (1901) .............................................................................. 28, 37
The Chicago Republican, Mar. 30, 1866.............................. 24
4 The Digest of Justinian (Theodor Mommsen et al., eds. 1985) ............................................................................. 30
The Law of Domicil (1847) ................................................... 30
The Nationality Act of 1940, 54 Harv. L. Rev. 860 (1941) .................................................................................... 42
Joel Tiffany & E.F. Bullard, The Law of Trusts and Trustees (1862) .................................................................... 16
1 Travers Twiss, The Law of Nations Considered as Independent Political Communities (1861) .................... 20
1 Henry St. George Tucker, Commentaries on the Laws of Virginia (1836) ..................................................... 22
USCIS, U.S. Dep’t of Homeland Security, USCIS Implementation Plan of Executive Order 14,160 (July 25, 2025) ....................................................................... 8
Emerich de Vattel, The Law of Nations (1797 ed.) ..... 21, 22
John Westlake, International Law (1904) ......................... 28
Francis Wharton, A Treatise on the Conflict of Laws (2d ed. 1881) ......................................................................... 26
J.J.S. Wharton, Law Lexicon, or Dictionary of Jurisprudence (Edward Hopper ed., 2d Am. ed. 1860) .................................................................. 29
Boyd Winchester, Citizenship in its International Relation, 41 Am. L. Rev. 504 (1897) ................................. 27
Ilan Wurman, Jurisdiction and Citizenship (rev. July 17, 2025), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5216249 ................... 15, 16, 20, 21
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