Posted on 02/14/2005 7:42:21 AM PST by Mike Fieschko
A PHILANTHROPIST has stepped forward to fund excavations at the ancient city of Herculaneum in Italy, where scholars believe a Roman library lies buried beneath 90ft of lava from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD79.David W Packard, whose family helped to found the Hewlett-Packard computer company, is concerned that the site may be poorly conserved or that excavation of the library may not continue unless he underwrites the work.
Herculaneum, south of present-day Naples, was buried by the same eruption that destroyed nearby Pompeii.
“It is hard to imagine anything more exciting than excavating at Herculaneum,” said Packard, who is channelling the money through a family institute. “We have spent around $2m (£1.1m) so far, much of it on conservation work. We have tried to work closely with the Italians, who have all the skills needed. But we can offer a degree of independence and financial security.”
There has been concern in academic circles that the already excavated parts of the Roman city are falling into disrepair and that there are no plans for excavating the Villa of the Papyri. The building, which contains the library, once belonged to Julius Caesar’s father-in-law.
The villa is regarded as one of the most important unexcavated sites in Italy. Previous exploratory digs unearthed 1,800 charred manuscripts, many of them unknown or known only through references in other works.
The scrolls were in crates and it appears that slaves were removing them from the libraries when they were inundated with ash from the eruption. Although they appeared to be in a poor state, scientists at Oxford University have been able to read them after subjecting them to imaging techniques.
It is believed that there are thousands more scrolls in the building, much of which lies beneath the modern town of Ercolano, and that they may include lost works by Aristotle, Livy and Sappho.
“Of course everyone wants to excavate the villa,” said Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadrill of the British School at Rome, which is managing work on the site. “The building itself is of major historic importance, but the priority is conservation.”
Packard, a former classics scholar who lives in California, runs the Packard Humanities Institute, which supports archeological work in Bosnia, Albania and other countries. Though the institute has an endowment of £375m, Packard is not making an open-ended pledge to support work at the site. But he added: “If the proper circumstances develop, we can afford to do it. It is not a problem of having to go out and raise the money. There are no catches.”
He said there should be no conflict between those who want to excavate the villa immediately and those who argue in favour of conserving the whole site, generally acknowledged to be in a poor state of repair. “It would be irresponsible treasure hunting to dig the choice parts of the site and then leave afterwards,” he said.
Professor Robert Fowler of the Herculaneum Society, formed last year to support work at the site, said: “The work now being done by Mr Packard at Herculaneum is admirable and important.”
I've been to Herculaneum and Pompeii. I would say these are perhaps the most fascinating places I have ever visited. They have been excavating these two cities for 100 years, and it continues. I plan to take my wife there. I want to see it again myself.
I have read several scholars who believe the book of Acts was written somewhere between 75-100 AD. In addition I would love it if they found additional commentaries by Julius Ceasar - especially commentaries on his campaigns in Africa and Spain. Ceasar's commentaires on his Civil War campaign suddenly stop shortly before the civl war was over, around the time of the death of Pompey. Many have speculated that this is because Ceasar no long needed to justify his acts in the civil war after he became King of Rome so he stopped writing. I would love to discover that he continued his writing but it was just lost all these centuries.
While it's conceivable that at some point, a Roman galley may have been blown across the Atlantic (although, given prevailing winds, it seems highly unlikely), that's a far cry from knowledge of the Western Hemisphere. Ptolemy was the greatest geographer of the classical world, and he had no knowledge of the Western Hemisphere. The Greek, Krates of Mallos, who lived several hundred years beforehand, predicted that North and South America would exist, but not because of any knowledge of them, but because he thought that the world would look funny if there weren't continents in the Western Hemisphere to make the world symmetrical.
However, there are too many instances of pre-Columbian European and Middle Eastern artifacts in the Americas to attribute to alleged fraud on the part of Spanish conquistadors, English Pilgrims, or Swedish immigrants. Like the moon voyage in the 1960s, some exploration may have been accomplished by Europeans and others, but was not pursued because of its unprofitability.
|
|
|||
Gods |
Just updating the GGG info, not sending a general distribution. |
||
|
· Mirabilis · Texas AM Anthropology News · Yahoo Anthro & Archaeo · · History or Science & Nature Podcasts · Excerpt, or Link only? · cgk's list of ping lists · |
|||
The scrolls were in crates and it appears that slaves were removing them from the libraries when they were inundated with ash from the eruption.They were buried by pyroclastic flow, not ash, afaik.
well, at 1000 degrees C, that probably rules out much in the way of residual info on them.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.