Posted on 06/03/2025 11:59:03 AM PDT by Red Badger
For many of us, the day doesn’t start until we’ve had our first cup of coffee. It’s comforting, energizing, and one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. But while your morning brew might feel harmless, it can interact with certain medicines in ways that reduce their effectiveness – or increase the risk of side-effects.
From common cold tablets to antidepressants, caffeine’s impact on the body goes far beyond a quick energy boost. Tea also contains caffeine but not in the same concentrations as coffee, and doesn’t seem to affect people in the same way. Here’s what you should know about how coffee can interfere with your medications – and how to stay safe.
1. Cold And Flu Medicines
Caffeine is a stimulant, which means it speeds up the central nervous system. Pseudoephedrine, a decongestant found in cold and flu remedies such as Sudafed, is also a stimulant. When taken together, the effects can be amplified – potentially leading to jitters or restlessness, headaches, fast heart rate and insomnia.
Many cold medications already contain added caffeine, increasing these risks further. Some studies also suggest that combining caffeine with pseudoephedrine can raise blood sugar and body temperature – particularly important for people with diabetes.
Stimulant effects are also a concern when combining caffeine with ADHD medications such as amphetamines, or with asthma drugs such as theophylline, which shares a similar chemical structure to caffeine. Using them together may increase the risk of side-effects such as a rapid heartbeat and sleep disruption.
2. Thyroid Medication
Levothyroxine, the standard treatment for an under-active thyroid, is highly sensitive to timing – and your morning coffee can get in the way. Studies show that drinking coffee too soon after taking levothyroxine can reduce its absorption by up to 50%.
Caffeine speeds up gut motility (the movement of food and waste through the digestive tract), giving the drug less time to be absorbed – and may also bind to it in the stomach, making it harder for the body to take in. These effects reduce the drug’s bioavailability, meaning less of it reaches your bloodstream where it’s needed. This interaction is more common with tablet forms of levothyroxine, and less likely with liquid formulations.
If absorption is impaired, symptoms of hypothyroidism – including fatigue, weight gain and constipation – can return, even if you’re taking your medicine correctly.
The same timing rule applies to a class of osteoporosis medications called bisphosphonates, including alendronate and risedronate, which also require an empty stomach and around 30-60 minutes before food or drink is taken.
3. Antidepressants And Antipsychotics
The interaction between caffeine and mental health medications can be more complex.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as sertraline and citalopram, are a type of antidepressant medication widely used to treat depression, anxiety and other psychiatric conditions. Lab studies suggest caffeine can bind to these drugs in the stomach, reducing absorption and potentially making them less effective.
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as amitriptyline and imipramine, are a class of older antidepressants that work by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. They were among the first antidepressants developed and are less commonly used today, compared with newer antidepressants such as SSRIs, due to their potential for more side-effects and higher risk of overdose.
TCAs are broken down by the liver enzyme CYP1A2, which also metabolizes caffeine. The competition between the two can slow drug breakdown, increasing side-effects, or delay caffeine clearance, making you feel jittery or wired longer than usual.
Clozapine, an antipsychotic, is also processed by CYP1A2. One study showed that drinking two-to-three cups of coffee could increase blood levels of clozapine by up to 97%, potentially increasing risks such as drowsiness, confusion, or more serious complications.
4. Painkillers
Some over-the-counter painkillers, such as those containing aspirin or paracetamol, include added caffeine. Coffee can speed up how quickly these drugs are absorbed by accelerating how fast the stomach empties and making the stomach more acidic, which improves absorption for some medications such as aspirin.
While this may help painkillers work faster, it could also raise the risk of side-effects like stomach irritation or bleeding, especially when combined with other sources of caffeine. Though no serious cases have been reported, caution is still advised.
5. Heart Medications
Caffeine can temporarily raise blood pressure and heart rate, typically lasting three-to-four hours after consumption. For people taking blood pressure medication or drugs that control irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias), this may counteract the intended effects of the medication.
This doesn’t mean people with heart conditions must avoid coffee altogether – but they should monitor how it affects their symptoms, and consider limiting intake or switching to decaf if needed.
What Can You Do?
Coffee may be part of your daily routine, but it’s also a potent chemical compound that can influence how your body processes medicine. Here’s how to make sure it doesn’t interfere.
Take levothyroxine or bisphosphonates on an empty stomach with water, and wait 30-60 minutes before drinking coffee or eating breakfast.
Be cautious with cold and flu remedies, asthma treatments and ADHD medications, as caffeine can amplify side-effects.
If you’re on antidepressants, antipsychotics, or blood pressure drugs, discuss your caffeine habits with your doctor.
Consider reducing intake or choosing a decaffeinated option if you experience side-effects like restlessness, insomnia or heart palpitations.
Everyone metabolizes caffeine differently – some people feel fine after three cups, while others get side-effects after just one. Pay attention to how your body responds and talk to your pharmacist or GP if anything feels off.
If you’re ever unsure whether your medicine and your coffee are a good match, ask your pharmacist or doctor. A short conversation might save you weeks of side-effects or reduced treatment effectiveness – and help you enjoy your brew with peace of mind.
Dipa Kamdar, Senior Lecturer in Pharmacy Practice, Kingston University. She does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
PING!................
“Coffee Can Interfere With Your Medication” but I don’t use the coffee cans, I use the K-cups. Am I still good?
Beat me to it.
I won’t need any medication as long as I have coffee.
Without coffee, all beta are off!
That should read “All bets are off.”
Fat fingers on a tiny keyboard, ya know.
Coffee is medicine!
I was born with a congenital caffeine deficiency. I require coffee.
Intravenously?.......................
I use the coffee cans drill holes in them for light bulb shade in the garage comes in rhght handy.
Red Gree show was worth viewing.
It is medicine—-just be sure to tell any doctor who will do major surgery knows how much you take daily. Wwithdrawal is not fun.
I won’t die without my coffee. Somebody might, but, it won’t be me. A day without coffee is like a day without......I have no idea what a day without coffee is like.
Lol.
Coffee IS medication! Fer cryin’ out loud!
“Wwithdrawal is not fun.”
So true. Excruciating headaches.
I’ve been taking Zoloft since 2006. (Medical condition.)
I drink coffee constantly.
I have yet to feel the need to shoot up a mall. 😜
Don't know about the one they talk about but my thyroid medication say to take on an empty stomach and wait for 30 minutes before ingesting anything else.
People really should read the instructions on their bottles of medication.
For Mother's Day a few years ago the cubs presented me with a sign to mount above the fount of that sweet elixir of life, "Coffee. Because Murder is Wrong."
It shows a happily smiling stick figure lady with a steaming cup in hand while behind her is a trail of dead stick figures who were, apparently, trying to bug her before coffee.
I really think all the blood is a bit of an exaggeration.
I use the multicup delivery system…
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