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| 0:02 | · | as you approach the village of kakura |
| 0:05 | · | you see it a long Gray Line like a |
| 0:08 | · | Breakwater in a sea of |
| 0:10 | · | Boulders as you get closer the line |
| 0:13 | · | resolves into a wall 4 miles long up to |
| 0:16 | · | 30 ft High built with massive blocks of |
| 0:20 | · | local |
| 0:21 | · | Stone these are the defenses of heraclea |
| 0:24 | · | the best preserved fortified City from |
| 0:27 | · | the age of Alexander the Great |
| 0:31 | · | in the generation after Alexander's |
| 0:34 | · | death heraclea became the capital of a |
| 0:36 | · | minor King named Place starus although |
| 0:39 | · | he only ruled a small part of what is |
| 0:42 | · | now Southwestern turkey place starus |
| 0:45 | · | like all of Alexander's successors |
| 0:47 | · | sought to Proclaim his power with |
| 0:49 | · | impressive building |
| 0:52 | · | projects by the time place starus |
| 0:55 | · | appeared on the scene heraclea was |
| 0:57 | · | already centuries old surrounded by |
| 1:00 | · | Rocky slopes and cut off from Easy |
| 1:02 | · | supplies of drinking water the |
| 1:04 | · | settlement was neither prosperous nor |
| 1:06 | · | large the Train on which it stood |
| 1:09 | · | however was easily |
| 1:13 | · | defensible ordering the inhabitants to |
| 1:15 | · | move a half mile West Place arus |
| 1:18 | · | established a new city with all the |
| 1:20 | · | amenities of a helenistic royal Capital |
| 1:23 | · | gritted streets a theater an agura where |
| 1:27 | · | I'm currently standing and a temple of |
| 1:29 | · | Athena on a Promontory overlooking the |
| 1:39 | · | harbor finally crucially the city was |
| 1:43 | · | surrounded with a grand Circuit of |
| 1:45 | · | walls in the generation after the death |
| 1:48 | · | of Alexander the Great Greek Siege |
| 1:50 | · | Warfare became more sophisticated than |
| 1:53 | · | ever before with their vast wealth and |
| 1:56 | · | professional armies the new helenistic |
| 1:58 | · | kingdoms could reduce even the strongest |
| 2:01 | · | fortifications to have a chance of |
| 2:03 | · | resisting City walls had to be founded |
| 2:05 | · | on bedrock and situated on terrain that |
| 2:08 | · | afforded no easy approaches for |
| 2:10 | · | catapults and Rams Towers were placed to |
| 2:14 | · | slow and if possible halt the approach |
| 2:17 | · | of Siege |
| 2:19 | · | engines the walls of heraclea epitomized |
| 2:22 | · | these new developments they formed a |
| 2:24 | · | rough wedge with the blunt side facing |
| 2:26 | · | the gulf and the Apex high on the |
| 2:29 | · | mountain slopes |
| 2:30 | · | built of native metamorphic rock the |
| 2:33 | · | walls follow a series of ridges and are |
| 2:36 | · | as much cut into the landscape as built |
| 2:38 | · | upon it the walls and towers are highest |
| 2:41 | · | in the lower sections like here where |
| 2:44 | · | place darkus and his Builders had the |
| 2:46 | · | most reason to fear attack the most |
| 2:48 | · | impressive sections however are in the |
| 2:51 | · | upper reaches where the walls culminate |
| 2:53 | · | in a citadel 1500 ft above the |
| 2:58 | · | town this is is the largest preserved |
| 3:01 | · | Tower let's take a |
| 3:03 | · | look one moment as I make my way |
| 3:10 | · | inside not in pristine condition but |
| 3:13 | · | it'll |
| 3:23 | · | do all |
| 3:24 | · | right so as you can see this Tower had |
| 3:28 | · | two stories |
| 3:30 | · | the second floor began there at that |
| 3:32 | · | shelf it was equipped with both windows |
| 3:35 | · | and arrow |
| 3:36 | · | slits as this section here |
| 3:40 | · | illustrates sorry I'm kind of balancing |
| 3:42 | · | on blocks here here's a window nice and |
| 3:45 | · | large but angled to give the defense an |
| 3:48 | · | oblique Advantage |
| 3:50 | · | here and here are two Aros |
| 3:53 | · | slits one |
| 3:55 | · | here and one here |
| 4:02 | · | we'll finish this little survey The View |
| 4:05 | · | towards the lake which then of course |
| 4:07 | · | was a golf of the aan |
| 4:15 | · | sea this Tower is in much worse shape |
| 4:19 | · | but as you can see it originally had not |
| 4:22 | · | two but three |
| 4:24 | · | stories it still looms impressively over |
| 4:27 | · | the olive Groves |
| 4:33 | · | just below that Tower we have the |
| 4:35 | · | remains of a gate now fill with brush to |
| 4:38 | · | keep the cows from getting |
| 4:44 | · | out this is the much more impressive |
| 4:46 | · | Harbor gate after which kakuro was |
| 4:50 | · | named if we look |
| 4:52 | · | closely and see the slots from the |
| 4:55 | · | locking mechanism |
| 5:00 | · | a third Tower with a moon just starting |
| 5:03 | · | to shine Beyond it let's uh scramble up |
| 5:07 | · | bit of action |
| 5:21 | · | YouTube |
| 5:23 | · | okay turning to our left you see the |
| 5:25 | · | last two towers and line up the walls |
| 5:34 | · | let's go into this |
| 5:38 | · | Tower hopefully that dog is not coming |
| 5:40 | · | this way but |
| 5:51 | · | ToBD nice collection of Arrow slits |
| 6:01 | · | looking in every |
| 6:09 | · | direction and a gate that it looks like |
| 6:13 | · | once opened onto a now collapsed part of |
| 6:15 | · | the |
| 6:17 | · | wall we don't know how long these walls |
| 6:20 | · | took to build or even whether they were |
| 6:23 | · | completed Place darkest disappears from |
| 6:26 | · | the historical record around 294 BC and |
| 6:29 | · | his modest kingdom was absorbed by |
| 6:32 | · | lysimachus soon |
| 6:34 | · | thereafter neither lysimachus nor any |
| 6:36 | · | other king had reason to develop |
| 6:39 | · | heraclea and the city faded back into |
| 6:41 | · | the obscurity from which it had so |
| 6:43 | · | recently |
| 6:45 | · | emerged the walls however endured |
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