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Predominant Role of Bacterial Pneumonia as a Cause of Death in Pandemic Influenza: Implications for Pandemic Influenza Preparedness
The Journal of Infectious Diseases ^ | 10/01/08 | Anthony Fauci, David M.. Morens, Jeffery K. Taubenberger

Posted on 11/01/2020 3:36:55 PM PST by Enlightened1

Abstract

Background. Despite the availability of published data on 4 pandemics that have occurred over the past 120 years, there is little modern information on the causes of death associated with influenza pandemics.

Methods. We examined relevant information from the most recent influenza pandemic that occurred during the era prior to the use of antibiotics, the 1918–1919 “Spanish flu”; pandemic. We examined lung tissue sections obtained during 58 autopsies and reviewed pathologic and bacteriologic data from 109 published autopsy series that described 8398 individual autopsy investigations.

Results. The postmortem samples we examined from people who died of influenza during 1918–1919 uniformly exhibited severe changes indicative of bacterial pneumonia. Bacteriologic and histopathologic results from published autopsy series clearly and consistently implicated secondary bacterial pneumonia caused by common upper respiratory-tract bacteria in most influenza fatalities.

Conclusions. The majority of deaths in the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic likely resulted directly from secondary bacterial pneumonia caused by common upper respiratory-tract bacteria. Less substantial data from the subsequent 1957 and 1968 pandemics are consistent with these findings. If severe pandemic influenza is largely a problem of viral-bacterial copathogenesis, pandemic planning needs to go beyond addressing the viral cause alone (e.g., influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs). Prevention, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of secondary bacterial pneumonia, as well as stockpiling of antibiotics and bacterial vaccines, should also be high priorities for pandemic planning.

 

https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/198/7/962/2192118

 

(Excerpt) Read more at academic.oup.com ...


TOPICS: Health/Medicine; Miscellaneous; Science
KEYWORDS: 2020election; anthonyfauci; causeammonia; dsj03; election2020; landslide; masks; spanishflu; trumplandslide
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To: P-Marlowe

Fauci was appointed by Reagan in 1984.


21 posted on 11/01/2020 4:01:52 PM PST by ifinnegan (Democrats kill babies and harvest their organs to sell)
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To: Blogger
You read that and form your own opinion...

Published pathologic and/or bacteriologic findings from the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic. Although the cause of influenza was disputed in 1918, there was almost universal agreement among experts [e.g., 20, 27–33] that deaths were virtually never caused by the unidentified etiologic agent itself, but resulted directly from severe secondary pneumonia caused by well-known bacterial “pneumopathogens”; that colonized the upper respiratory tract (predominantly pneumococci, streptococci, and staphylococci). Without this secondary bacterial pneumonia, experts generally believed that most patients would have recovered [20]. In type, pattern, and case-fatality rate, influenza-associated bacterial pneumonia was typical of pneumonia that was endemic during periods when influenza was not prevalent [25, 28, 33, 34]. As described above, in cases for which a single lung pathogen was recovered from culture, the anatomical-pathological type of the pneumonia usually corresponded to what was expected. Bacteria were commonly observed in cases of pneumonia caused by each of these pathogens. Such findings reflect the characteristic pathology of bacterial pneumonia [10, 25, 27].
22 posted on 11/01/2020 4:03:08 PM PST by Enlightened1
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To: P-Marlowe

NOPE,
HerrDoktor FauxiMengele was inherited by Trump.

Your claim is not insignificant so get it right.


23 posted on 11/01/2020 4:07:56 PM PST by A strike (FrontTowardEnemy)
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To: ifinnegan

Whatever. Just tell your democrat friends that Fauci is trying to kill them.


24 posted on 11/01/2020 4:08:20 PM PST by P-Marlowe (Freep mail me if you want to be on my Fingerstyle Acoustic Guitar Ping List)
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To: Husker24; Enlightened1

I alwus thought that combining nitrogen and hydrogen caused ammonia...


25 posted on 11/01/2020 4:10:12 PM PST by kiryandil (Chris Wallace: Because someone has to drive the Clown Car)
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To: Enlightened1

Fire Flippy-Floppy Fungus-Sucking Fauci!

26 posted on 11/01/2020 4:14:47 PM PST by Songcraft
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To: Enlightened1

ping


27 posted on 11/01/2020 4:16:41 PM PST by zeestephen
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To: Enlightened1

Maybe he is trying to make people sick with the masks then blame it on the virus he manufactured


28 posted on 11/01/2020 4:17:06 PM PST by vigilante2 (Make liberals cry again)
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To: Husker24

Fauci In 2008 Admits Wearing Masks Cause Bacterial Ammonia and a compulsive desire to clean windows in a Peer Review Oxford Study


29 posted on 11/01/2020 4:19:37 PM PST by D Rider
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To: Enlightened1

To change the title you have to use “Abuse”.


30 posted on 11/01/2020 4:27:14 PM PST by DJ MacWoW (The Fed Gov is not one ring to rule them all)
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To: P-Marlowe

Phony Tony.

Short timer


31 posted on 11/01/2020 4:50:37 PM PST by thinden
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To: Enlightened1

Change the title

Should say bacterial PNEUMONIA


32 posted on 11/01/2020 5:28:50 PM PST by Nifster (I see puppy dogs in the clouds)
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To: Enlightened1

How did YOU conclude that they concluded masks were the culprit? I do not see that in the article.


33 posted on 11/01/2020 5:36:27 PM PST by ProtectOurFreedom ("Inside Every Progressive Is A Totalitarian Screaming To Get Out" -- David Horowitz)
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To: Enlightened1

Ammonia, that stinks.


34 posted on 11/01/2020 5:38:45 PM PST by IVAXMAN
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To: Husker24
Ammonia?

You know, active ingredient in window cleaner or floor wax stripper.

35 posted on 11/01/2020 5:51:26 PM PST by SisterK (its a spiritual war)
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To: Chauncey Gardiner

I see a list of crimes against humanity.


36 posted on 11/01/2020 5:53:13 PM PST by SisterK (its a spiritual war)
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To: D Rider

LOL


37 posted on 11/01/2020 5:55:38 PM PST by SisterK (its a spiritual war)
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To: Enlightened1

Fauci masks cause pneumonia bump


38 posted on 11/01/2020 6:46:21 PM PST by Luigi Vasellini (political class.......TERM LIMITS NOW!!!!!!!!!!)
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To: Chauncey Gardiner

Great Fauci links


39 posted on 11/01/2020 6:47:56 PM PST by Luigi Vasellini (political class.......TERM LIMITS NOW!!!!!!!!!!)
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To: Enlightened1

I could not find any mention of masks or respirators in that study.


40 posted on 11/01/2020 7:38:51 PM PST by IndispensableDestiny
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