What Turned Hunter-Gatherers Into Empire Builders? [4:44]

YouTube ^ | November 13, 2024 | BBC Timestamp

[SunkenCiv]

How did early hunter-gatherers manage to survive in some of the most inhospitable places on Earth, and could pieces of one of the world's oldest pots hold a clue?

Prof Alice Roberts journeys to Asia, the world's greatest land mass, and attempts to replicate ancient survival techniques that appear to have been passed down through many generations. With little precedent and only the most primitive resources available, our ancestors' innovation and experimentation was vital for their success.

This clip is from Incredible Human Journey (2009).

What Turned Hunter-Gatherers Into Empire Builders? | 4:44
BBC Timestamp | 785K subscribers | 6,728 views | November 13, 2024

[SunkenCiv]

--> YouTube-Generated Transcript <--
0:02	·	what was it that turned hunter gatherers
0:05	·	into Empire
0:06	·	[Music]
0:09	·	Builders I'm traveling through the a
0:12	·	inspiring landscape of Guin in South
0:15	·	China in search of the key to their
0:17	·	success
0:20	·	[Music]
0:28	·	[Applause]
0:37	·	this is the dungen cave excavations here
0:41	·	tell us it was once lived in by hunter
0:45	·	gatherers and in 2001 a wonderful
0:49	·	Discovery was
0:51	·	[Music]
0:58	·	made these fragments are so precious
1:01	·	that I'm not even allowed to touch them
1:04	·	they are what remains of one of the
1:06	·	oldest pots in China in fact one of the
1:10	·	oldest pots in the
1:12	·	[Music]
1:21	·	world so who made this pot well the
1:25	·	people living in this cave so many
1:27	·	thousands of years ago would have been
1:29	·	nomadic hunter gatherers still living an
1:32	·	ancient lifestyle in many ways but those
1:35	·	insignificant looking crude pieces of
1:38	·	pot Mark a great technological Leap
1:43	·	Forward say prehistoric pot has also
1:45	·	been found in this cave pots are
1:47	·	something we take for granted but for
1:50	·	those ancient hunter gatherers Pottery
1:53	·	was part of a completely new way of
1:58	·	life so how does they do
2:04	·	it I'm meeting a team of experimental
2:07	·	archaeologists who think they might have
2:09	·	the
2:10	·	answer the first breakthrough must have
2:13	·	been finding out how to stop the pots
2:15	·	cracking when they were fired tempering
2:17	·	them by mixing calite rock with the clay
2:20	·	and they even have an idea how the pots
2:22	·	might have been shaped thousands of
2:24	·	years before the invention of the
2:26	·	potter's
2:28	·	wheel this is very clever they've dug a
2:30	·	pit here to basically give us the form
2:32	·	of the pot almost like a mold and then
2:34	·	we're pressing this clay in little slabs
2:37	·	down into the preformed
2:41	·	pit transforming clay into hard Pottery
2:44	·	requires firing at a high temperature
2:47	·	today this is done at 1,000° C in a kiln
2:51	·	Way Beyond the capabilities of those
2:52	·	hunter gatherers
3:00	·	they would have had open fires which
3:02	·	only produce temperatures of about
3:05	·	250° I'm quite doubtful this is going to
3:08	·	be
3:13	·	enough so how's our
3:17	·	pot I think that's it I think that's I
3:19	·	think that's our pot there and it looks
3:25	·	[Music]
3:28	·	okay fantastic
3:33	·	ftic there are many different theories
3:35	·	about why the Chinese hunter gatherers
3:37	·	might have started making pots some
3:38	·	people say it was a symbol of prestige
3:41	·	but the Chinese archaeologists think
3:43	·	that the explanation is much more simple
3:48	·	cooking pots meant that a wider range of
3:50	·	food could be cooked and stored vital in
3:55	·	hard times and by 9,000 years ago there
3:59	·	was another
4:00	·	Innovation
4:02	·	farming one of the things that those
4:05	·	early Chinese poses would have been
4:06	·	eating was wild rice now it certainly
4:09	·	wouldn't have been the main source of
4:11	·	food because it was hard to collect and
4:13	·	actually didn't give much energy in
4:14	·	return but despite the availability of
4:17	·	other vegetables it was rice that became
4:20	·	more and more important and even crucial
4:23	·	to the early success of the
4:28	·	Chinese for

[Chode]

beer...

[SunkenCiv]

In a world of universal similarities, ancient blood reveals a unique and curious mystery that has intrigued scientists, geneticists, and historians alike. Most humans share similar blood type markers, but a rare population stands apart with a peculiarly distinct trait, R-H negative blood. The Basque Cro Magnon people of northern Spain and southwestern France have one of the highest concentrations of R-H negative individuals in the world, and their genetic profile raises a fascinating question: Could this rare blood type trace its origins back to a much older, enigmatic population, The Neanderthals?

Nestled between the rugged mountains of northern Spain and the sweeping Atlantic coast of southwestern France, the Basque people inhabit a land that is as unique as their heritage. The Basques are known not only for their distinct language, but also for their unique genetic profile, which has intrigued scientists for decades. Unlike most European populations, the Basques show a high degree of genetic continuity with Europe's ancient hunter-gatherers, specifically a group called the Western Hunter-Gatherers. This link provides a fascinating glimpse into Europe's prehistoric landscape, suggesting that the Basques may be the living descendants of Europe's earliest inhabitants.

The Basques are one of Europe's most enigmatic populations. Known for their distinct language, Euskara, which has no known relation to any other language on earth, the Basque people have long fascinated anthropologists and geneticists. Studies show that the Basques have a unique genetic profile that sets them apart from other Europeans, with low levels of admixture from later migrations, such as those by Indo-European speakers. They are thought to be direct descendants of some of Europe's earliest hunter-gatherers, preserving a genetic legacy that stretches back thousands of years.

RH Negative Blood - The KEY to Unraveling Human History | 13:01
Mysterious Origins | 30.7K subscribers | 31,547 views | November 13, 2024

CHAPTERS:
0:00 RH-Negative Blood Type
5:00 Basque Hunter-Gatherers
9:00 A Neanderthal Link?

[SunkenCiv]

Explore the intricate tapestry of German DNA, tracing its roots from ancient hunter-gatherers to modern times. This journey delves into the genetic influences of Celtic, Roman, Slavic, and Norse cultures, revealing how migrations and historical events have shaped Germany's diverse genetic landscape. Discover the significance of haplogroups like I1, R1b, and R1a, and understand the impact of genetic mutations such as CCR5-Δ32. Join us as we uncover the stories embedded in our genes and their lasting legacy on German heritage.

The Hidden Genes of Germany: A 10,000-Year DNA Story
Black-death and A Genetic Mystery | 20:16
The History Hub | 72.3K subscribers | 114,991 views | November 10, 2024

00:00 - Black-death and A Genetic Mystery
01:46 - Western Hunter-Gatherers
03:04 - Anatolian Farmes
04:11 - Yamnaya culture
05:24 - Bell Beaker culture
06:45 - Celts
08:27 - Romans
09:20 - The Rise of the Franks
10:02 - The Slavic Migrations
10:59 - Norse Influence in Northern Germany
12:31- Regional Variation
10:25 - City Names and Surnames
19:05 - Conclusion

[SunkenCiv]

Good timing!

[SunkenCiv]

[Openurmind]

Winter.

[SunkenCiv]

Is it possible that the societies of bronze age central Europe, almost four thousand years ago, were using small metal bars and rings as their money? They cast vast numbers of intriguing metal objects in the shapes of bars and rings. Dating to between about 2000 BC and 1600 BC, these are found buried in hoards right across Central Europe. And some scholars believe that these bars and rings actually functioned as money in this ancient society. This is over a thousand years before the first coins in the world were made in the kingdom of Lydia in western Anatolia. This is the incredible story of the first money in bronze age central Europe.

The Surprisingly Ancient Money From Bronze Age Europe | 17:37
Dan Davis History | 280K subscribers | 43,928 views | November 13, 2024

---

Is such a thing even possible? Yes, it is.

[cpdiii]

Agriculture turned us into Empires. Hunter gathers had food in excess, population boomed and thus armies. They were no longer Hunter Gathers but an army of a civilization with specific purposes. It is the same today.

[SunkenCiv]

/bingo

[Chode]

8^)

https://www.oneofeverything.ca/blog/beer-the-origin-of-civilization

Until recently, I never held beer in very high esteem. Growing up, I’ve always associated beer with frat boys, beer pong, and trailer parks. To me, beer culture was unrefined and encouraged gross over consumption, leading to boorish behaviour. I shared the Ancient Greeks’ preference for wine and low opinion of beer; it’s a barbarian’s beverage.

I was, of course, wrong. I had little knowledge of beer, didn’t know how to appreciate it, and therefore had no interest in it. My feelings were born of pure ignorance. In the last few years, I’ve opened up to at least giving beer a fair chance. I didn’t have much of a choice, really; my entourage is full of avid beer drinkers. What I found was a particular appreciation for very specific types of craft beers. Who knew?

Torontonians - in fact, most Canadians - are enjoying a craft beer renaissance. Each new microbrewery carving out a pocket of territory in the city. Left Field in the east-side. Bellwoods on the Ossington Strip. Bandit (where this article’s pictures were shot) in Roncesvalles. And that’s just the start of a long list of excellent breweries. But, interestingly, the craft beer tradition goes way back. That is, dawn-of-time way back.

[SunkenCiv]

:^)

[Diana in Wisconsin]

We needed a place to stash all the stuff we’d gathered. :)

[Sirius Lee]

What a coincidence. I happened to watch that RH- video last night.

[Adder]

McDonalds...thexsearch for Big Macs drove empires...

[cpdiii]

in fact, most Canadians - are enjoying a craft beer renaissance. Each new microbrewery carving out a pocket of territory in the city.

Oddly you are correct. Many years ago Canadian beer was crap just as our beer was in the past. The Micro breweries in Canada now turn out most excellent beer as do our Micro breweries.

It pains me to say that those insane progressives in Washington and Oregon also make magnificent brews.

However I must mention Texas brew. We have turned the corner and our Micro Breweries make magnificent beer, even in the non liberal areas of Texas.

When I returned from England 40 plus years ago I hated our beer. It was totally substandard brew. Today I can drink beer of quality of that in England or superior, even in my very conservative county. Bad beer sucks. The many local micro brewers have given us good beer.

[Chode]

copy...

[Gay State Conservative]

later

[spel_grammer_an_punct_polise]

“What Turned Hunter-Gatherers Into Empire Builders?”

I know the answer to that:

The ( hunters/men ) did not hunt enough money for the ( gatherers/women. )

The men had to find other means to support the gatherers! ;-)

See how easy that was to solve? ;-)

[Honorary Serb]

Mark for later viewing.