How the US conducts surveillance and investigation of electronic communication media–particularly the internet–is largely shaped by three pieces of legislation: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act) Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ending Eavesdropping, Dragnet-collection and Online Monitoring Act (USA FREEDOM Act) To give a very brief history, FISA was enacted in 1978–before the proliferation of the internet–and governed both the physical and electronic surveillance of primarily foreign powers and agents. The Patriot Act, enacted shortly after the September 11, 2001...