Free Republic

“Illness. Like having 6 fingers.”

All you are doing is to dig yourself into a deeper and deeper hole with that kind of dishonesty. There are perfectly reasonable, legitimate, moral, and religious reasons for keeping sexual criminals out of private spaces reserved for certain genders. Basing your arguments on claims and definitions contrary to reality and contrary to actual biology is only going to defeat your purpose in protecting and defending the innocent from sexual criminals.

Now, with respect to your claim that anything you don’t like for reasons of religion or otherwise must be an illness, rather than a natural variation in sexual characteristics, you should be reminded that all Humans are a product of just such an illness. The eukaryotes in the center of each of our cells was originally a parasite tha fed upon the cells, but over time these parasites became a symbiotic lifeform that became a vital component for every Eukaryotic lifeform on the planet. Without this “illness” you would not exist. Now you can either set out on a fruitless mission to pretend and characterize every variation in sexual characteristics as an illness despite the impossibility of successfully doing so, or you can live in the real world and accomplish the task of protecting and defending innocent people from sexual predators using the social conventions for determining genders.

“XX”

“XY”

“And some corruptions of those considered illness.”

The reality is that there are many women who have an XY sex chromosome. Just because you want to pretend this reality does not exist does not mean you can go around denying the actual existence of a wide variety of sexes in human biology, and there is far less excuse to go around pretending there are far more such variations in the number of sexes in the rest of the Animal Kingdom and the Plant Kingdom which are relatively normal and not to be considered to be an illness. Variations in sexual characteristics in a species and in the individual members of a species is quite common in biology, agriculture, and horticulture.

If you want to argue a social convention asserting there are but two typical sexes among humans, then by all means do so with an honest acknowledgement of the biological reality in which “biological sex” encompasses far more than just two types of sex. Just don’t lie to yourself and to other people falsely claiming there are only two biological sexes. There are not just two biological sexes and there never have been.

It appears from your comment that you failed to learn elementary sex facts from your ownership of those dogs and horses. In our own experience with producing cattle, hogs, horses, mules, dogs, cats, chickens, turkey, Guinea, Peacock, fancy pigeons, corn, sorghum, wheat, rye, barley, soybeans, cotton, tobacco, peaches, pears, cherries, blackberries, tomatoes, potatoes, sweet potatoes, Swiss chard, spinach, pole beans, lettuce, radish, cucumber, zuchinni, squash, watermelon, cantaloupe, honeydew, Crenshaw melon, oranges, lemons, grapefruit, avocado, plums, thyme, oregano, marjoram, mint, onions, chives, garlic, dozens of hybrid and species flowers, and our own cross-breed Bearded Iris and Beardless Iris, we have observed a variety of variations in the sexes and sexual behavior of those organisms. If a person had to judge from your comments, it appears you are willfully remaining ignorant in defiance of reality. You are simply acting out in boorish ignorance and stupidity.

“So, how many are there?”

Beginning with the broader classes you can start with:

1. chromosomal or genetic sex;

2. Endocrinological or phenotypic sex

3. Gonadal sex

4. Hormonal sex

5. Morphological sex

6. Nuclear sex

Each of the above major classes include multiple sub-classes, some of which have a presently unknown number of genetic variations.

The article talks about biological sex. In biology and human biology, there never has been just two biological sexes, male and female. The concept of there being only two sexes, male and female, is a social convention and is not a biological reality or a scientific reality.

“no pics or it didn’t happen ;-)”

Will a photograph of George Washington suffice?

“So is the Earth losing 50,000 tonnes per year of atmosphere?”

That is only an estimate for the amount of atmospheric mass being lost to space. The amount of atmospheric mass being lost and gained in exchanges of mass between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere are highly variable over geological time periods. As the Sun grows larger as it enters the Red Giant phase of its life cycle, the Earth will be stripped of all but a trace remnant of its atmosphere and hydrosphere by the strong Solar Winds. Then the Earth’s lithosphere will begin to vaporize.

“Just out of curiosity, do you have a reference for that?”

Earth Loses 50,000 Tonnes of Mass Every Year
February 5, 2012
According to some calculations, the Earth is losing 50,000 tonnes of mass every single year, even though an extra 40,000 tonnes of space dust converge onto the Earth’s gravity well, it’s still losing weight.

[....]

http://scitechdaily.com/earth-loses-50000-tonnes-of-mass-every-year/

Getting a Handle on How Much Cosmic Dust Hits Earth
Does Earth have a dust build-up problem?

Estimates vary of how much cosmic dust and meteorites enter Earth’s atmosphere each day, but range anywhere from 5 to 300 metric tons, with estimates made from satellite data and extrapolations of meteorite falls. Thing is, no one really knows for sure and so far there hasn’t been any real coordinated efforts to find out. But a new project proposal called Cosmic Dust in the Terrestrial Atmosphere (CODITA) would provide more accurate estimates of how much material hits Earth, as well as how it might affect the atmosphere.

“We have a conundrum – estimates of how much dust comes in vary by a factor of a hundred,” said John Plane from University of Leeds in the UK. “The aim of CODITA is to resolve this huge discrepancy.”
[....]
http://www.universetoday.com/94392/getting-a-handle-on-how-much-cosmic-dust-hits-earth/

Mass accumulation of Earth from interplanetary dust, meteoroids, asteroids and comets
Sandra Drolshagen1, Jana Kretschmer1, Detlef Koschny2,3, Gerhard Drolshagen2, Björn Poppe1
1 Universitätssternwarte Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
sandra.drolshagen@uni-oldenburg.de
2 European Space Agency, ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-22001 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
3 Chair of Astronautics, TU Munich, Boltzmannstr. 17, D-85748 Garching, Germany

The goal of this paper is to determine the mass that reaches the Earth as interplanetary material. For the large objects the flux model by Brown et al. (2002) was used which is valid for bodies greater than 1 m and is based on sensor data of fireballs that entered the Earth atmosphere. For the small sizes the flux model by Grün et al. (1985) was used, which describes the mass flux at 1 AU for meteoroids in the mass range 10-18 g to about 100 g. The Grün flux was converted to 100 km height by taking the Earth attraction into account and all units were adjusted to compare the model with the one by Brown. In a second step both models were combined by an interpolation, which lead to a flux model that covers 37 orders of magnitude in mass. Using recent measurements and alternative flux models the uncertainties of the obtained model was estimated. Recent measurements include in-situ impact data on retrieved space hardware and optical meteor data. Alternative flux models are e.g. a NASA model for large sizes that is an extrapolation of known Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) and a model by Halliday et al. (1996) which is based on optical measurements of fireballs. Up to a diameter of 1 km the total calculated mass influx is 54 tons per day.

[....]

http://www.imo.net/imc2015/2015-24-drolshagensandra-final.pdf

Origin of the Earth’s Atmosphere
http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfjps/1400/atmos_origin.html

The Climate System
EESC 2100 Spring 2007
Lectures - Monday and Wednesday, 11:00 AM - 12:15 PM
Lab - Tuesday, 4:10 PM -7 PM

http://eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/earth.html

“What with practically every artifact found being dug up, dust from outer space falling by the mega-tons every year, I’d say the Earth diameter was much smaller eons ago also.”

No, not really. The Earth is losing nearly twice as much mass as it gains each year according to some estimates. One of the estimates claims a net loss of 50,000 tonnes per year after a 40,000 tonne gain in gas, dust, and meteoric material. At those rates it would take trillions of years to make an appreciable change in the Earth’s mass. The Sun will either vaporize much of the Earth’s upper surface or consume the entire Earth within only a few billion years as the Sun swells in size to become a giant red star with its photosphere located somewhere near to the Earth’s present orbit. The Sun will either lose enough mass for the Earth’s orbit to expand outwards into the Solar system near to the present orbit of Mars, allowing a partially vaporized and smaller Earth to survive, or the Sun will expand beyond the Earth’s orbit and the Earth will be vaporized into hot gases and incorporated into the Red Giant Sun.

Fried Planets
http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2012/25oct_friedplanets/

“That is an amazing number of changes. I guess that would suggest that there are probably very few planets existing anywhere that have an atmosphere similar to earth’s.”

If aerobic life developed on only one planet per million stars, the Milky Way Galaxy in which we live would be home to hundreds of thousands of such planets with Oxygen loving aerobic life. Within the visible Universe among the other galaxies, there would be uncounted trillions of such planets.

“Would be interesting to see how they compensated for the fact that the air trapped in the Lava was superhot and expanded as well as stripped of most of it’s hydrogen and oxygen.”

There was virtually no Oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere until about that time. The Hydrogen and Ammonia that dominated the composition of the Earth’s first atmosphere was largely lost during and in the aftermath of the collision that created the Moon/Luna and finalized the Earth’s size and composition. This resulted in the Earth’s second atmosphere that was upwards of 100 times thicker and more massive than today’s atmosphere and was composed of greater than about 95 to 98 percent Carbon dioxide. This was an atmosphere that would have crushed today’s macro organisms. The microorganisms in that period of time were anaerobic, meaning they would have been poisoned by the presence of Oxygen in the atmosphere and hydrosphere. It was not until about the time of these rocks 2.7 billion years ago that aerobic, meaning Oxygen loving, life forms developed as life removed Carbon dioxide from the Earth’s atmosphere, metabolized the carbon into organic compounds, and released Oxygen into the atmosphere and hydrosphere. This massive release of Oxygen interacted with the massive quantities of iron in the lithosphere and the hydrosphere to produce massive quantities of Iron oxide (rust). This huge amount of Iron oxide rust produced the planet wide red rock layers until there was no longer enough iron left to react to the available Oxygen, which then allowed the Oxygen levels to increase beyond the previous micro trace amounts to become a substantial percentage of the Earth’s third atmosphere then composed for the most part of Nitrogen and Oxygen. The Carbon dioxide that previously had been almost the entire composition of Earth’s atmosphere when it was upwards of 100 times greater mass than today was almost entirely removed from the atmosphere by life, leaving only trace amounts and an atmosphere less than about 1 percent its previous mass and atmospheric pressure.

Hydrogen as an appreciable percentage of the Earth’s atmosphere had long ago been lost from the atmosphere, and Oxygen as more than a trace amount of the atmosphere was just beginning to accumulate in the Earth’s atmosphere for the first time as the Great Rusting event reached its peak activity and Oxygen was finally able to remain free in the Earth’s atmosphere.

“The altitude record they’re trying to break must be for “sustained altitude”.”

“The F-15 used in Operation Streak Eagle zoomed over 100,000 ft.”

Yes, that’s correct.

F-15 Streak Eagle Record Flights Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLka4GoUbLo

“I addressed your concerns in a previous post:”

The article at your link fails to address the problem in a variety of ways which ultimately make the otherwise great Article V Convention an inappropriate and unwise approach to the misgovernment we now face. In principle the Article V convention is a badly needed means of restoring the rule of law and original basis of the Republic. In practice, however, the very basis for the importance of the Article V Convention has become corrupted by the nature of the party politics, the intentional political indoctrination of the electorate while they are impressed into government schools and government educational doctrine, the prevailing political ignorance of the electorate, and the corrupt control of the electorate’s sources of news and information. In order for the electorate to be capable of restoring uncorrupt and capable government by means of an Article V Convention, the prevailing political corruption among the electorate needs to be reversed and minimized to a point where the majority of the electorate is no longer indoctrinated into corrupt political party practices and misbeliefs. A precondition to the Article V Convention may be the recapture of the Fourth Estate news media, the educational establishment by local government, the law schools, and the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS). One of the principal reasons for the political problems that exist today is an immoral, corrupt, and ignorant electorate with the power of vote rigged popular elections. Holding an Article V Convention does little to rectify those corrupt conditions, while it is entirely possible to reverse and reform the corrupt educational and media systems without the Article V Convention in which the existing Constitution and Bill of Rights could be virtually abolished contrary to the original intent.

“Juanita Broaddrick, Kathleen Willey, Paula Jones and Kathleen Prudhomme O’Brien are not ‘former mistresses’ of Bill Clinton, as implied by silverleaf.”

No argument from me about that either. There is no shortage of women and men that have been abused by Bill and Hillary Clinton in just about every walk of life.

“The Benghazi mothers would be more powerful and have a direct beef with Hillary, than her husbands former mistresses”

That’s perfectly alright. Fill the audience with the victims and victim’s families. The have a Don Pardo type call out to “Come on down!” to the stage for their turn at Hillary and Bill.

“How about from Windows 10 to Linux? Can I buy a Linux disk and just put it in the CD drive and have it deport Windows back where it came from?”

In most cases, yes, provided you can ensure you have first taken care of any Secure Boot problems that can arise or brick something like the Samsung, ASUS, or other computer motherboards that have a UEFI Secure Boot or other problems. Search the Internet for articles about: Microsoft UEFI Secure Boot .

“How many do you think know UEFI is an industry standard, documented and agreed to by the industry at large to address security issues like rootkits, and not just some contrivance Microsoft came up with to screw with their users?”

Get off it with the disinformation. Microsoft and Apple had overwhelming influence in the development of the Secure Boot functions in the UEFI standards:

UEFI By Forrest Stroud

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/U/uefi.html

Linus Torvalds: I will not change Linux to “deep-throat Microsoft” “This is not a d**k-sucking contest,” says Linux’s benevolent overlord.
by Jon Brodkin - Feb 26, 2013 10:09am PST

http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/02/linus-torvalds-i-will-not-change-linux-to-deep-throat-microsoft/

“To be fair, this problem is the fault of ASUS rather than Microsoft”

No, to be fair it is the fault of Microsoft and every company who deferred to Microsoft when they pushed the Secure Boot feature onto users in the form they used, which was long ago forecasted to give Microsoft the ability to make competitive operating systems too problematic and burdensome to implement. How many users realize Microsoft Windows 10 embraced Linux features that have been forecast as part of a Microsoft strategy to embrace, extend, and then drop Linux in Microsoft products as part of its anti-competitive grand strategy?