Posted on 02/24/2006 5:51:38 AM PST by Spunky
SEATTLE -- Kennewick Man was buried by other humans.
That finding, which scientists have pondered for nearly 10 years, was finally confirmed Thursday at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Scientists here.
The scientists also have concluded the ancient skull appears different than those of Indian tribes who lived in the area.
Scientists long had wondered whether Kennewick Man, whose 9,000-year-old skeleton was found 10 years ago in Columbia Park alongside the Columbia River, was naturally covered with silt or if others had laid him to rest.
The answer is he was laid out on his back, arms at his sides and palms down, said Doug Owsley, a forensic scientist for the Smithsonian and lead scientist on the Kennewick Man study.
The river was to his left and his feet downstream. His head was raised about 5 degrees so he was looking east toward his feet and the rising sun. His legs were straight and his feet slightly tipped outward, Owsley said.
He used an industrial CT scanner to study the skeleton in minute sections, and to examine a spear or dart point with a pointed end and stem that was imbedded in Kennewick Man's hip.
The point entered Kennewick man from the front, angled downward at 77 degrees, Owsley said. Earlier analysis had suggested it might have struck him from the back.
The point in Kennewick Man is "not a classic Cascade point," Owsley said. Cascade points tend to have two pointed ends and sometimes are serrated. He said scientists are continuing to study the point.
And Owsley said the spear point did not cause Kennewick Man's death. "It was a well-healed fracture," he said.
Earlier Thursday, Owsley told the Associated Press that there was "no clear indication in the skeleton of cause of death." Kennewick Man had undergone "a lot of injuries, this guy was tough as nails," he said.
In a private interview with the Herald before his speech, Owsley described how he and a team of experts came to their conclusions after hundreds of hours of studying the bones. They detailed the colors, fractures, sediment and mineral deposits of each bone fragment -- a complex 350-piece jigsaw puzzle.
"This requires more expertise than one person could muster," Owsley said. "We are doing a level of analysis that most people would not think possible, but it's because of this interdisciplinary team."
Many of Kennewick Man's bones eventually were broken by the weight of the earth above him, Owsley said, and other bones broke apart when the riverbank washed out. And some fractures occurred during his lifetime and had healed.
Kennewick Man is particularly significant because it is one of the most complete ancient skeletons ever found. And its skull appears to be unlike those of Indian tribes living in the area, Owsley said.
"We know very little about this time period. Who the people were that were the earliest people that came to America," Owsley told the AP.
But questions remain about where Kennewick Man may have come from, where the stone point in his hip originated, what he might have eaten and what his daily life was like.
About 20 scientists from around the country are in Seattle this week studying the bones to find answers to those questions. Algae specialists, bone fracture specialists and skull experts will continue to work to decipher the skeleton's riddles.
Owsley said they were able to determine many details about the burial from the scientists' first study last July.
The studies have been conducted in Seattle because Kennewick Man's remains are housed at the University of Washington's Burke Museum.
The bones surfaced during flooding in 1996. Most of them were uncovered during a two-week span in June when waves undercut the riverbank and the grave.
Two teenagers found the skull of Kennewick Man just a month later as they were sneaking into Columbia Park for Water Follies, the annual hydroplane races.
The rapid uncovering and discovery of the bones is why the remains are in such good condition, Owsley said.
"We should thank him for the opportunity to tell his story," Owsley said. "He's been very kind to us in terms of having observations that we can absolutely interpret."
The bones' discovery triggered a nine-year legal clash between scientists, the federal government and Native American tribes, who have claimed Kennewick Man as their ancestor.
A half-dozen representatives of the Yakama Nation came to watch the presentation. They were dismayed by what they said was the disrespectful way the bones were handled.
"Scientists have no respect for anything. I had to shut my eyes. It is not a comfortable feeling," said Larena Sohappy, culture committee chairwoman for the Yakama Nation.
bttt
bttt
Just heard from someone in on the Kennewick study: "No destructive tests are requested at this time."
Justifiably.
BTW, did you ever hear the one about the traveling salesman and the hunter-gatherer's daughter?
Seems there was this traveling obsidian salesman....
Do you think there will ever be any more DNA tests?
Do you think there will ever be any more DNA tests?
No idea right now. Should be more information at some meetings in another month, so maybe I can learn some additional details.
Thet've been around for a long, long time!
The punch line involves, ..."Well Sheriff, when he said he was a young napper, I thought he meant he was a youthful flint knapper!"
Say, didn't the Duke actually spell the name "Alburqueque?" I ran across one reference that said English-speakers eventually dropped the first 'r.' The old boy had quite a handle: Don Francisco Fernandez de la Cueva Enriquez, Duke of Alburquerque, Spain, and Viceroy of New Spain.
Be sure to ping me if you do.
Will you let us know?
susie
Funny you mention NM place names, as we were just there, and I was thinking of a litter theme (for a litter of puppies) and thought of NM cities, but then realized the average person would not get it.
susie
If I learn anything I will put it on the first related thread.
I am paying close attention to this one as it is important to my current research (and some of my early research was actually in that area).
It will be into April, so don't wait up.
OH goodness, that's WAY past my bedtime! ;) susie
Mr. Chatters, is that you?
Nope. I would know a lot more if it was. Many miles from there now.
Hehe ...
I tried flint knapping once - I failed miserably with nothing to show but a lot of cuts.
Yes. Good point. Those large Olmec stone heads have African features.
Stewart, regardless of his origins is one of that breed of low-life entertainer who despises the people and country which has helped make him rich. He's in the same class as Baldwin, Deppe, Fionda, Madonna, Streisand and those other freaks in my book.
I did see I Claudius but can't recall him. I remember Derek Jacoby thats about all.
Same here. Mine LOOKED like an arrowhead in top view, but it was dished into a shallow 'U' from tip to shank in side view.
Would have been great for shooting around a corner maybe.
The other simple little chore that taught me to appreciate furs was when I tanned a couple of deer skins for buckskin. I thought I'd never get all the damned hair scraped off.
The little town where I grew up actually had a real fur trading post. I never got into skinning, stretching and drying like my friends – and the fur didn’t bring in that much more money for the hassle. The post was within about half a mile of the end of my trap line. When I ran it in the morning I’d just leave a cache, after my evening trap run I’d take the days catch straight to the post.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.