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A Vexatious Word: What does Rachel Jeantel teach us about racial slurs?
National Review ^ | 07/18/2013 | Kevin D. Williamson

Posted on 07/18/2013 8:15:00 AM PDT by SeekAndFind

One of the strangest things I ever saw was the rapper Ice-T waltzing — not figuratively, but literally — across a stage in Dallas with Perry Farrell, the slightly fey singer from the band Jane’s Addiction, as the two sang a duet of Sly and the Family Stone’s “Don’t Call Me Nigger, Whitey.” This was in 1991, and though young black men had been using the word “nigger” — or, if you prefer, “nigga” — casually for some time, it was unusual for me to hear a white man under 60 using the word at all, much less repeatedly, much less in public. It was only a performance — the guy playing Macbeth doesn’t really have the guy playing Banquo murdered! — but, still, tense.

A considerably less entertaining performance was the conversation between Rachel Jeantel, star of the George Zimmerman trial, and Piers Morgan, television host, regarding the relative merits of “nigger” and “nigga,” which Miss Jeantel is convinced are two entirely different words. Perhaps the philologists eventually will concur. Miss Jeantel argued that “nigga” has simply come to mean “male,” regardless of race, though one suspects that if Rick Santorum were to cheerfully greet Touré as “my nigga” it would produce headlines, and that those headlines would not be celebratory. But Miss Jeantel is not entirely off the mark, either: The nonpejorative use of “nigga” by non-blacks is a well-documented phenomenon, though its social acceptability is diminished the farther away one moves from black culture and from centers of black culture. Puerto Rican and Dominican men in the South Bronx may sometimes get away with it (an assertion I base only on anecdotal observation), but the late Thacher Longstreth, probably not. “Niggur” used to denote a male of any race, but especially one who is somehow alienated from polite society — was a term of art in the fur trade in the early 19th century, e.g., “That was the time this niggur first felt like taking to the mountains,” from George Ruxton’s Life in the Far West. The early non-pejorative use of “nigger” for black men is attested throughout English-language literature, from Mark Twain to Joseph Conrad’s The Nigger of the Narcissus, which was risibly retitled “The N-Word of the ‘Narcissus’” in a 2009 edition.

The distinction between “nigger” and “nigga” is unclear in the classical literature. In 1988, Ice Cube and Dr. Dre were two of several “Niggaz Wit Attitudes,” and in 1991 Ice-T was a “Straight Up Nigga” according to the album’s back cover but a “straight up nigger” according to the song itself: “Damn right I’m a nigger, and I don’t care what you are / ’Cause I’m a capital-N-I-double-G-E-R.” His usage is worth considering in context:

I’m a nigger in America, and that much I flaunt
’Cause when I see what I like, I take what I want.
I’m not the only one, that’s why I’m not bitter,
’Cause everybody is nigger to a nigger.
America was stolen from the Indian, show and prove.
What was that? A straight up nigger move.
. . . What’s a nigger supposed to do?
Wait around for a handout from a nigger like you?

Even though Ice-T takes the trouble to spell the word out, most sources render those lyrics “nigga” rather than “nigger,” suggesting a very strong desire to distinguish between the two. But no such compunction is found in 1974’s That Nigger’s Crazy, the comedy album in which Richard Pryor undertook a strategy of using the word as often as possible in order to “take the sting out of it,” a technique he later came to regret. The idea that repetition of the word can force its evolution into something else is common, as with Russell Simmons’s 1996 explanation: “When we say ‘nigger’ now, it’s very positive. Now all white kids who buy into hip-hop culture call each other ‘nigger’ because they have no history with the word other than something positive.” I hope that not too many white kids put that theory to the test.

The “nigga”-vs.-“nigger” issue comes down to a matter of accent. Black Americans have the same great variety of accents as other Americans, but the idea here is that “nigga” is what “nigger” sounds like when a black man says it, and that context makes all the difference. It may be an affirmation, but it is also at times an act of social aggression. On Monday, standing in front of City Hall in New York, a young black man speaking on his cell phone — shouting into his cell phone, really — used “nigga” no fewer than twelve times during the few seconds it took me to walk into and out of earshot. It is plainly a word used for effect, for the benefit of bystanders, not simply as a generic noun. He was, incidentally, breaking the law, right there in front of City Hall: The New York city council banned the use of the word some time ago, though there are no penalties attached to the violation of that ban.

The phrase “nigga privileges” has emerged to describe the ability to use the word without reproach, as in “Justin Timberlake probably does have nigga privileges.” Jennifer Lopez has conditional nigga privileges: She used the word in a song, producing a minor controversy but not a career-ending one, and her defense — that the song was written by a black man — was more or less accepted.

The inverse is “cracker,” which is similarly socially complicated. Politico’s Jonathan Martin discovered that he has at best conditional cracker privileges when he referred to the conservative northern part of Florida as the “cracker counties, if you will.” (How do you know you’re not a cracker? You add “if you will” after potentially offensive phrases.) “Cracker” is unquestionably a term of racial abuse, as in Trayvon Martin’s description of George Zimmerman as a “creepy-ass cracker,” but it’s also a term some Floridians and Georgians use affectionately. When David Lowery of Camper Van Beethoven decided to start a faux-country band, it was natural that he called it Cracker, and his doing so did not become a national issue the way N.W.A.’s choice of name did. The comedian Mike Birbiglia advises his black friends: “You can say cracka, but not cracker.” Nobody really cares that much about the use of the word “cracker,” though, for obvious reasons. As a matter of abstract principle, perhaps we should be as solicitous about white people’s racial sensitivities as we are black people’s racial sensitivities, but we aren’t, because we are not idiots.

If the reaction to the Trayvon Martin trial, like the reaction to the O. J. Simpson trial, has many black Americans and white Americans thinking that they don’t even speak the same language, there’s probably a reason for that.

Kevin D. Williamson is a roving correspondent for National Review and author of the newly published The End Is Near and It’s Going to Be Awesome.


TOPICS: Constitution/Conservatism; Culture/Society; News/Current Events; Philosophy
KEYWORDS: racheljeantel; racism; slurs; trayvon
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1 posted on 07/18/2013 8:15:00 AM PDT by SeekAndFind
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To: SeekAndFind

And in addition to *that* what does Miss Slim Jeans teach us about this country’s current food stamp policies *and* the American educational system?


2 posted on 07/18/2013 8:18:31 AM PDT by Gay State Conservative (The Civil Servants Are No Longer Servants...Or Civil.)
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To: SeekAndFind

is that the new Jabba from the upcoming Star Wars?


3 posted on 07/18/2013 8:18:34 AM PDT by max americana (fired liberals in our company after the election, & laughed while they cried (true story))
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To: SeekAndFind

I”m still looking for an on-line translator


4 posted on 07/18/2013 8:21:59 AM PDT by molson209
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To: SeekAndFind

I am thinking her education is so poor, she does not even understand her own slang.


5 posted on 07/18/2013 8:22:24 AM PDT by DonaldC (A nation cannot stand in the absence of religious principle.)
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To: SeekAndFind

Why are liberal news networks giving so much airtime to this girl?

Wasn’t Piers Morgan incredibly condescending to her, when he was spelling out “craker” or “cracka” to her??? Why no racist uproar over his implication that she can’t spell????

And why no reaction to her saying that:

1. She warned Trayvon that Zimmerman might be a rapist? Why no reaction from our LGBT groups that Zimmerman was profiled as a homosexual rapist??

2. Why no reaction to her saying that Trayvon was administering a “whoop ass” beating?? Apparently that is some element of ghetto culture which is common among her people. Why no reaction among the liberals that to get a “whoop ass” might scare the person being beaten, and he might just pull out a gun if he has one??


6 posted on 07/18/2013 8:22:27 AM PDT by Dilbert San Diego
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To: SeekAndFind

Huge FYI that’s connected, ya think?

http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3857/middle-east-outrage


7 posted on 07/18/2013 8:25:41 AM PDT by ExTexasRedhead
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To: Dilbert San Diego

RE: Why are liberal news networks giving so much airtime to this girl?

I was kinda thinking to myself — “LET HER TALK and TALk and TALK.”

The more she talks, the more we begin to realize that it was Trayvon who was the aggressor and how RIGHT the jury was.


8 posted on 07/18/2013 8:27:18 AM PDT by SeekAndFind
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To: SeekAndFind
“What does Rachel Jeantel teach us about racial slurs?”

It teaches me what I already know.

She (and MANY others, too) have lived their entire lives in a parallel universe to MINE , with so much rage, social backwardness and malice that it can only be explained if we admit that society has vigorously, routinely and openly cultivated and encouraged it.

Once America finally got a minority President, rather than address it, rather than be bigger than IT is, he hardly restrained himself before he gladly condoned and aggravated this. He is capitalizing on the social and political discord which it brings!

9 posted on 07/18/2013 8:28:03 AM PDT by SMARTY ("The test of every religious, political, or educational system is the man that it forms." H. Amiel)
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To: SeekAndFind

Ow, my eyes! Looking at the picture, I’d say she’s part Indian. And listening to her speak, yes, I’d infer she’s as dumb as a bag of hammers. But at least she’s dishonest.


10 posted on 07/18/2013 8:30:27 AM PDT by SamuraiScot
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To: SeekAndFind

Think Ma Dean should weigh (sic) in!?!?!


11 posted on 07/18/2013 8:30:40 AM PDT by hoosiermama (Obama: "Born in Kenya" Lying now or then)
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To: SeekAndFind

On Monday, standing in front of City Hall in New York, a young black man speaking on his cell phone — shouting into his cell phone, really — used “nigga” no fewer than twelve times during the few seconds it took me to walk into and out of earshot. It is plainly a word used for effect, for the benefit of bystanders, not simply as a generic noun. He was, incidentally, breaking the law, right there in front of City Hall: The New York city council banned the use of the word some time ago, though there are no penalties attached to the violation of that ban.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

It’s really quite simple. I don’t know why the author is unable to understand this.

It’s OK for a black person to use that word. It’s not OK for a white person. That’s racist.

It’s called a double standard. White people - especially conservatives - are held to these higher standards. In other words - we are beter than they are for following a code of ethics that they don’t have to.


12 posted on 07/18/2013 8:30:50 AM PDT by Responsibility2nd (NO LIBS. This Means Liberals and (L)libertarians! Same Thing. NO LIBS!!)
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To: SeekAndFind
What does Rachel Jeantel teach us about racial slurs?

She had done teached us dat she ignant an a ho.

13 posted on 07/18/2013 8:30:56 AM PDT by humblegunner (Creepy Ass Cracker)
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To: DonaldC

she is a product of miami public schools.


14 posted on 07/18/2013 8:32:47 AM PDT by longtermmemmory (VOTE! http://www.senate.gov and http://www.house.gov)
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To: Responsibility2nd

RE: It’s OK for a black person to use that word. It’s not OK for a white person. That’s racist.

I wonder, who made this rule and why is everybody required to obey it?


15 posted on 07/18/2013 8:33:16 AM PDT by SeekAndFind
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To: max americana

I think her screen name is “Fiona the Hutt”.


16 posted on 07/18/2013 8:34:11 AM PDT by MrB (The difference between a Humanist and a Satanist - the latter admits whom he's working for)
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To: SeekAndFind

She’s simply destroying any further cases that Holder might want to bring against Zimmerman.


17 posted on 07/18/2013 8:34:52 AM PDT by MrB (The difference between a Humanist and a Satanist - the latter admits whom he's working for)
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To: humblegunner

Miss Jean say dat nigga NEW SCHOOL
Miss Jean say dat cracker OLD SCHOOL
I say Miss Jean NO SCHOOL


18 posted on 07/18/2013 8:35:12 AM PDT by spawn44 (MOO)
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To: Responsibility2nd

Waddup, mah crackah?

(It’s our word, they aren’t allowed to use it.)


19 posted on 07/18/2013 8:35:35 AM PDT by MrB (The difference between a Humanist and a Satanist - the latter admits whom he's working for)
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To: Responsibility2nd
White people - especially conservatives - are held to these higher standards.

Implying that others are incapable of living up to those standards...

20 posted on 07/18/2013 8:36:24 AM PDT by MrB (The difference between a Humanist and a Satanist - the latter admits whom he's working for)
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