Posted on 08/26/2024 6:24:05 PM PDT by Red Badger
Innovations in manganese-based lithium-ion batteries could lead to more efficient and durable power sources for electric vehicles, offering high energy density and stable performance without voltage decay.
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Researchers have developed a sustainable lithium-ion battery using manganese, which could revolutionize the electric vehicle industry.
Published in ACS Central Science, the study highlights a breakthrough in using nanostructured LiMnO2 with monoclinic symmetry to improve battery performance and stability without the typical voltage decay. This innovation not only enhances fast-charging capabilities but also addresses the long-standing issue of manganese dissolution.
Manganese-Based Li-ion Batteries Lithium-ion (or Li-ion) batteries are heavy hitters when it comes to the world of rechargeable batteries. As electric vehicles become more common in the world, a high-energy, low-cost battery utilizing the abundance of manganese (Mn) can be a sustainable option to become commercially available and utilized in the automobile industry.
Currently, batteries used for powering electric vehicles (EVs) are nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co)-based, which can be expensive and unsustainable for a society with a growing desire for EVs. By switching the positive electrode materials to a lithium/manganese-based material, researchers aim to maintain the high performance of Ni/Co-based materials but with a low-cost, sustainable twist.
Researchers will publish their results today (August 26) in ACS Central Science.
Innovations in Electrode Materials Li-ion batteries are not new players in the field of rechargeable electronics, but there are always ways to innovate and improve already reliable methods. LiMnO2 as an electrode material has been studied in the past but has always been limited by restrictive electrode performance.
“Through the systematic study on different LiMnO2 polymorphs, it is found that the monoclinic layered domain effectively activates structural transition to the spinel-like phase. From this finding, nanostructured LiMnO2 with the monoclinic layered domain structures and high surface area has been directly synthesized by using a simple solid-state reaction,” said Naoaki Yabuuchi, author and researcher of the study.
Breakthrough in Monoclinic LiMnO2 Structures A monoclinic system refers to the type of group symmetry of a solid crystalline structure. A Li/Mn arrangement with the monoclinic symmetry appears to be key in making LiMnO2 a feasible option for a positive electrode material. Without the structural phase transition the monoclinic domain allows, electrode performance would be limited thanks to the sub-optimal crystalline structure of LiMnO2 and accompanying phase transitions.
Enhancing EV Battery Performance After observing and testing the various polymorphs, it was determined the needed structure can be synthesized directly from two components without having to use an intermediary step. The resulting material is competitive with nickel based layered materials and boasts excellent fast-charging abilities, which is indispensable for electric vehicles.
The nanostructured LiMnO2 with the monoclinic layered domain is synthesized by a simple calcination process to yield a product with high-energy density, reaching 820 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh kg-1), compared to about 750 Wh kg-1 for nickel-based layered materials and 500 Wh kg-1 for other low-cost lithium-based materials.
Stability and Longevity of Nanostructured LiMnO2 There is also no reported voltage decay using nanostructured LiMnO2, which is common in manganese-based materials. Voltage decay is a phenomenon in which the voltage decreases gradually, over time reducing the performance and responsiveness of an electronic. However, it does not seem to be an observable issue in the case of nanostructured LiMnO2, which is the subject of the study.
Addressing Practical Challenges Though there are promising results, a practical issue can be observed: the dissolution of manganese. Over time, manganese can dissolve due to many factors, such as phase changes or reacting with acidic solutions. Fortunately, this can be curbed or completely mitigated by the use of a highly concentrated electrolyte solution and a lithium phosphate coating.
Researchers hope their findings contribute to a more sustainable energy source than fossil fuels, especially concerning electric vehicles. The performance of LiMnO2, with its competitive energy density compared to nickel-based materials, demonstrates the potential alternative materials can have to produce environmentally friendly products that are sustainable both in production and as a long-term investment. An ideal future for nanostructured LiMnO2-based electrode materials would involve commercialization and industrial production in the luxury electric vehicle industry.
Reference:
“A Practical and Sustainable Ni/Co-free High-Energy Electrode Material: Nanostructured LiMnO2” 26 August 2024, ACS Central Science.
DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00578
Yuka Miyaoka, Yuna Oguro, Yosuke Ugata and Naoaki Yabuuchi of the Department of Chemistry and Life Science at Yokohama National University with Yosuke Ugata and Naoaki Yabuuchi also of the Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center at Yokohama National Univeristy, Takahito Sato of the Department of Applied Chemistry at Tokyo Denki University, Sayaka Kondo, Koki Nakano and Masanobu Nakayama of the Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science at Nagoya Institute of Technology, Damian Goonetilleke and Neeraj Sharma of the School of Chemistry at the University of New South Wales, Alexey M. Glushenkov of the Research School of Chemistry at the Australian National University, Satoshi Hiroi and Koji Ohara of the Faculty of Materials for Energy at Shimane University, Koji Takada and Yasuhiro Fujii of the Tosoh Corporation contributed to this research.
JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, JST, MEXT Program: Data Creation and Utilization-Type Material Research and Development Project, JST Adopting Sustainable Partnerships for Innovative Research Ecosystem (ASPIRE), JST The Green Technologies for Excellence (GteX) Program, the Australian Research Council, the Photon Factory Program Advisory Committee, the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), the Aichi Synchrotron Radiation center, the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) made this research possible.
The ocean floors are littered with polymetal nodules the main element in them is manganese more than humans could ever conceivable use billions of tonnes worth they form naturally overtime and are constantly being made and growing as see sediment covers older nodules new ones form on the surface of the sediments this also means there is layer upon layer of them under the seabed not just on the surface of the deep seabeds.
The ocean floors have metal nodules on them and under them with billions of tonnes worth we will never run out of manganese. As a note common zinc carbon AAA TO D cells have are actually zinc manganese cells the carbon is just the conductor it’s zinc and manganese oxide going to zinc oxide and manganese metal that powers those cells. As for fire I don’t think a discharged zinc carbon manganese cell has never burst into flames due to the now metallic manganese metal present in it.
I thought that was a CIA hoax so they could use the Glomar Explorer to raise a sunken Soviet Submarine................
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian
The recovery operation in international waters about six years later used mining for manganese nodules as its cover. The company was nominally owned by Howard Hughes, secretly backed by the CIA, who had paid for the construction of the Hughes Glomar Explorer.[5]
These cells have the manganese already oxidized as LiMnO2 the manganese cannot burn as the manganese is already in its oxidized state. Only the lithium ion moves leaving still oxidized manganese behind as the lithium ion moves from anode to.cathode. Depending on the electrolyte those could be flammable or not. Using a solid state ceramic electrolyte eliminates that fluid all together as ceramic lithium conductive glass is not burnable. Lithium in ion form is also not flammable it’s in the -OH or -CO3 or some other ionic form.
The Norwegians just permitted the first offshore nodules mining in their EEZ for REE elements and manganese is the main metal of those nodules.
That was a CIA cover the nodules are there fans in most deep ocean plains as well.
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-67893808
What luddites fail to grasp as they rant on their pocket supercomputer made possible only by lithium ion battery technology is that power storage is the future regardless of EVs. Everything technology based in the last two decades has needed higher and higher density power cells. Smart phones ,tablets ,laptops ,medical devices simply could not exist without the power density of lithium ion cells no other prior technology has anywhere close to it’s power density. New higher density cells are coming it’s a trillion dollar industry that the world literally runs on. New batter tech is coming regardless of EVs they are along for the ride. Drones , AI robots , humanoid worker robots all need very high density power cells, every consumer electronics device as well.
I didn’t say whether the word was good or bad. But I did allude to it being abused and its meaning twisted, and this is the context in which that happens.
No; they will not get there. And the pollution that is incurred to “get there” is far, far worse than what we have now with internal combustion engines.
False comparison.
And wanting the continuation of ICE technology is not Luddism.
I don’t disagree with you at all.
ICE has run its course for most applications once second and third generation cells hit the market. Lithium is just the first in at least three generations of advanced solid state cells, then fuel cells right behind them. Fuel cells are twice as efficient as ICE and the solid oxide, carbonate and high temp PEM cells can use liquid or gas fuels to include hydrocarbons. So other than aircraft, large ships and locomotives in the far rural areas ICE is reaching its end of line.
Case in point my Volvo sits in the stable while the Tesla gets driven daily now. Why? Because it’s one tenth the cost per mile and yes that includes capital expense my lease payment on the Tesla is less than the note was on the Volvo it’s paid off now which is the only reason I keep it sunk cost. The Tesla if I had to use retail power could be charged overnight at 5 cents per kWh or less depending on the market price at that time. It takes 1 kWh to go four miles with the A.C. Cranked up in Texas heat. The Volvo which cost more per month gets 28mpg and has to use 93 octane that’s $3.50 a gal. That’s 12.5 cents per mile in fuel. At 5 cents per kWh it’s 1.25 cents per mile. Since my Tesla is powered by solar it’s zero per mile the panels have paid for themselves via power sales.
There is zero emissions from fuel cells or solar panels as well. Mine are silicon thin film that contain no cadmium,lead or heavy metals they are also not chicom they are from our ally Taipei with a 25 year warranty and have survived two golf ball sized hail storms they carry a hail rating as well. As a prepper couldn’t be happier with my off/on grid system.
The world is changing get on board or gr8 theft behind. Exciting times power cells are not getting dense enough for motorcycles without noise ,heat or exhaust just raw zoom zoom. Ebikes you never have to break a sweat going up hill on the trails, even air taxis in NYC density cities no more 2.5 hours to go from Brooklyn to midtown.
FSD and hand free driving on the motorway. I thought I’d keep the Volvo for long trips but after two trips to Biloxi, and Orlando with the Tesla there is no need for a ICE vehicle when it takes 15 min every 3 to 3.5 hours to top up at a supercharger, take a leak and drink a beer or snack. Personally I don’t care one way or the other I’m not emotionally invested in ICE it served it’s propose for my needs until I found something better far better I routinely drive to Ft Worth that’s over 100 miles round trip far further than the average daily drive for 99% of Americans and never once have I had to.worry about charging my Tesla it’s full on the morning when I walk up too it and if I go to cowtown when I get back it still have nearly 2/3 left and it takes 25 seconds to plug it up to the wall and walk inside it will be full again in a few hours I’ll be sleeping snoring with the beagles while it does it’s thing overnight. The other day I took it to Addison 45 miles round trip it took 70 min to go back to full once I got home and used 12.6 kWh my Volvo would have used 1.6 gal of 93 and cost me over five bucks for that instead it was zero $$ since my panels charged the car for free they run my A.C. At 67F for free too and still export juice to the grid. Love LOVE my panels best prepper investment ever. No one can turn off the giant thermonuclear fireball in the sky and we get 220+ days of glorious nuclear fireshine in these parts per year.
Grrr autospell...
The world is changing get on board or get left behind. Exciting times power cells are now getting dense enough for motorcycles without noise ,heat or exhaust just raw zoom zoom. Ebikes you never have to break a sweat going up hill on the trails, even air taxis in NYC density cities no more 2.5
Some day why not post you current best advice for a 2025 solar panel installation. Ping me when you post it as time allows. Thanks.
Another battery breakthrough. I see one about every 3 months, and never hear about any of them again. Hope this works.
And vastly inferior to a computer as regards what the latter can do.
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