Spicy wine: New study reveals ancient Romans may have had peculiar tastes

Phys dot org ^ | January 24, 2024 | Brendan Rascius, The Charlotte Observer

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It's no secret that the ancient Romans were lovers of wine. So gripped by the grape were they, that they even worshiped a god—Bacchus—devoted to wine and merriment.

But, little is known about what their wine actually tasted like. Was it bitter or sweet? Fruity or earthy? According to a pioneering new study, it was rather spicy and smelled like toast...

By comparing these vessels, which have long been overlooked, to similar containers used in modern wine-making, researchers were able to demystify the ancient flavors and the processes that created them.

The findings "change much of our current understanding of Roman winemaking," researchers, affiliated with multiple European institutions, said.

Dolia vessels were porous, egg-shaped containers that would have been partially buried underground and sealed during the wine-making process—all factors that would have contributed to the flavor palette of the finished product.

As a result of this process—and the addition of natural yeasts—the wine would have taken on a "slightly spicy" taste and given off the aroma of "toasted bread, apples, roasted walnuts and curry," researchers said...

The researchers found that "contrary to widespread belief, it seems unlikely that most vinification in antiquity was 'white' in the sense of its modern meaning."

Instead, grapes were added into the mix regardless of color and the skins were left in, rather than filtered out with strainers, researchers said...

Thanks to their "precisely engineered" dolia, researchers concluded, the ancient Romans were able to ferment wines of a variety of flavors—though further studies are needed to better advance the archaeological understanding.

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Buried Roman fermentation jars (dolia) from Villa Regina, Boscoreale.

Credit: E. Dodd, courtesy of the Ministero della Cultura – Parco Archaeologico di Pompei

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It sure seems like a clumsy way to ferment wine, especially if you add the grapes to the containers.
Seems like it would be hard to empty and clean between batches...to reach in and scoop it all out and rinse them. I guess some residual would remain to act as a starter to the process.