Thanks BenLurkin.
Posted on 06/10/2022 11:49:22 AM PDT by BenLurkin
Since the first hot Jupiter was discovered in 1995, astronomers have been trying to figure out how the searing-hot exoplanets formed and arrived in their extreme orbits. Johns Hopkins University astronomers have found a way to determine the relative age of hot Jupiters using new measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, which is tracking over a billion stars.
Called hot Jupiters because the first one discovered was about the same size and shape as our solar system's Jupiter, these planets are about 20 times closer to their stars than Earth is to the sun, causing these planets to reach temperatures of thousands of degrees Celsius.
Existing theories of planet formation could not explain these planets, so scientists came up with several ideas for how hot Jupiters might form. Initially, scientists proposed that hot Jupiters could form further out, like Jupiter, and then migrate to their present locations due to interactions with their host star's disk of gas and dust. Or it could be that they form further out and then migrate in much later—after the disk is gone—through a more violent and extreme process called high-eccentricity migration.
Some hot Jupiters have orbits that are well-aligned to their star's rotation, like the planets in our solar system. Others have orbits misaligned from the equators of their stars. Scientists weren't able to prove whether the different configurations were a product of different formation process, or a single formation process followed by tidal interactions between the planets and the stars.
Being able to determine the velocities—the directional speed—of the stars was key in determining their age. When stars are born, they move similarly to one another within the Galaxy. As those stars age, their velocities become more and more different...
(Excerpt) Read more at phys.org ...
I’ve heard these hot gas giants referred to as “failed stars”.
Gina Lola Jupiter!!
Like Ed Begley, Jr.
Boiled down, it reads: Give us more grant money!!!
The AE-35 unit is going to go 100 percent failure
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“these planets are about 20 times closer to their stars than Earth is to the sun”
Why don’t they just say how many miles that is?
The first to insert Uranus...
Same size and shape. As if a planet the size of jupiter can be anything other than spherical.
Referring to them as failed stars does not define them as failed stars. They could not ever become stars because they don’t have enough mass.
93,000,000/20 roughly.
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