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'Cloaking' device uses ordinary lenses to hide objects across range of angles
phys.org ^ | Sep 27, 2014 | Provided by University of Rochester

Posted on 09/29/2014 12:38:35 PM PDT by Red Badger

Inspired perhaps by Harry Potter's invisibility cloak, scientists have recently developed several ways—some simple and some involving new technologies—to hide objects from view. The latest effort, developed at the University of Rochester, not only overcomes some of the limitations of previous devices, but it uses inexpensive, readily available materials in a novel configuration.

"There've been many high tech approaches to cloaking and the basic idea behind these is to take light and have it pass around something as if it isn't there, often using high-tech or exotic materials," said John Howell, a professor of physics at the University of Rochester. Forgoing the specialized components, Howell and graduate student Joseph Choi developed a combination of four standard lenses that keeps the object hidden as the viewer moves up to several degrees away from the optimal viewing position.

"This is the first device that we know of that can do three-dimensional, continuously multidirectional cloaking, which works for transmitting rays in the visible spectrum," said Choi, a PhD student at Rochester's Institute of Optics.

Many cloaking designs work fine when you look at an object straight on, but if you move your viewpoint even a little, the object becomes visible, explains Howell. Choi added that previous cloaking devices can also cause the background to shift drastically, making it obvious that the cloaking device is present.

In order to both cloak an object and leave the background undisturbed, the researchers determined the lens type and power needed, as well as the precise distance to separate the four lenses. To test their device, they placed the cloaked object in front of a grid background. As they looked through the lenses and changed their viewing angle by moving from side to side, the grid shifted accordingly as if the cloaking device was not there. There was no discontinuity in the grid lines behind the cloaked object, compared to the background, and the grid sizes (magnification) matched.

The Rochester Cloak can be scaled up as large as the size of the lenses, allowing fairly large objects to be cloaked. And, unlike some other devices, it's broadband so it works for the whole visible spectrum of light, rather than only for specific frequencies.

Their simple configuration improves on other cloaking devices, but it's not perfect. "This cloak bends light and sends it through the center of the device, so the on-axis region cannot be blocked or cloaked," said Choi. This means that the cloaked region is shaped like a doughnut. He added that they have slightly more complicated designs that solve the problem. Also, the cloak has edge effects, but these can be reduced when sufficiently large lenses are used.

In a new paper submitted to the journal Optics Express and available on arXiv.org, Howell and Choi provide a mathematical formalism for this type of cloaking that can work for angles up to 15 degrees, or more. They use a technique called ABCD matrices that describes how light bends when going through lenses, mirrors, or other optical elements.

While their device is not quite like Harry Potter's invisibility cloak, Howell had some thoughts about potential applications, including using cloaking to effectively let a surgeon "look through his hands to what he is actually operating on," he said. The same principles could be applied to a truck to allow drivers to see through blind spots on their vehicles.

Howell became interested in creating simple cloaking devices with off-the-shelf materials while working on a holiday project with his children. Together with his 14 year-old son and Choi, he recently published a paper about some of the possibilities, and also demonstrated simple cloaking with mirrors, like magicians would use, in a brief video.

To build your own Rochester Cloak, follow these simple steps:

Purchase 2 sets of 2 lenses with different focal lengths f1 and f2 (4 lenses total, 2 with f1 focal length, and 2 with f2 focal length) Separate the first 2 lenses by the sum of their focal lengths (So f1 lens is the first lens, f2 is the 2nd lens, and they are separated by t1= f1+ f2). Do the same in Step 2 for the other two lenses. Separate the two sets by t2=2 f2 (f1+ f2) / (f1— f2) apart, so that the two f2 lenses are t2 apart.


TOPICS: Arts/Photography; Military/Veterans; Science; Weird Stuff
KEYWORDS: cloak; cloaking; cloakingdevice; invisibility; invisible; science; startrek; tech
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To: trisham
"Balance of Terror" was also inspired by a Robert Mitchum movie called "The Enemy Below".

Memory Alpha


21 posted on 09/29/2014 1:40:21 PM PDT by Bratch
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To: Bratch

Great quotes...this one, for example:

Doctor: Captain Murrell oughtn’t to be here at all. He’s as weak as a kitten. A man that gets his ship torpedoed and spends 25 days on a raft in the North Atlantic oughtn’t to have to hit the ball again with only a few days in the hospital. I guess there aren’t enough commanding officers to go around. Well, at least they gave him an easy ship.
Lt. Bonelli: Huh! Boy, easy’s no word for it. Listen, he’d get more rest on this boat...
Lieutenant Ware: Ship!
Lt. Bonelli: Ship, boat, what’s the difference? He’d still get more rest here than he would if he were in a feather bed. Me, I’d like something to happen once in a while.
Lieutenant Ware: If the Navy ever gets a load of this salty crew in battle, they’ll send us all back to boot camp. I’ll look so ridiculous with my head shaved.

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0050356/trivia?tab=qt&ref_=tt_trv_qu

:)


22 posted on 09/29/2014 1:46:16 PM PDT by trisham (Zen is not easy. It takes effort to attain nothingness. And then what do you have? Bupkis.)
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To: Red Badger

So if you took a shot at a tree and it turned out there was an invisible person standing between you and the tree then would you be guilty of a crime?


23 posted on 09/29/2014 2:09:24 PM PDT by Revel
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To: Revel

Yes, assaulting a tree............


24 posted on 09/29/2014 2:12:07 PM PDT by Red Badger (If you compromise with evil, you just get more evil..........................)
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To: Army Air Corps

What would Laz do?

Puke his guts out..............


25 posted on 09/29/2014 2:12:45 PM PDT by Red Badger (If you compromise with evil, you just get more evil..........................)
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To: Red Badger

I know a guy with 2 glass eyes- everything is cloaked.


26 posted on 09/29/2014 2:40:26 PM PDT by bunkerhill7 ("The Second Amendment has no limits on firepower"-NY State Senator Kathleen A. Marchione.")
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To: Red Badger

Interesting. The Klingons will be all over this.


27 posted on 09/29/2014 2:51:30 PM PDT by OldNewYork
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To: trisham; Bratch
I think it's correct that the term "cloaking device" was not used in Balance of Terror, with phrases such as "invisibility screen" used instead. Aboard the Romulan ship, it was referred to as a "cloak".

One of the series' best episodes. The later Enterprise Incident is also among the fan favorites.


28 posted on 09/29/2014 2:57:10 PM PDT by Charles Martel (Endeavor to persevere...)
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To: Charles Martel

Romulan Commander: It is unworthy of a Vulcan to resort to subterfuge.

Spock: You’re being clever, Commander. That is unworthy of a Romulan.
...

Uhura: Doctor, you must beam aboard the Romulan flagship immediately; there’s been an injury.

Dr. McCoy: I don’t make house calls.

Uhura: Doctor, it’s Captain Kirk!
______________________________________________________

I had never fully appreciated how funny the screenplay was, I’m sorry to say. I should watch the series again.


29 posted on 09/29/2014 3:04:23 PM PDT by trisham (Zen is not easy. It takes effort to attain nothingness. And then what do you have? Bupkis.)
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To: Charles Martel

She was elegant.


30 posted on 09/29/2014 3:04:47 PM PDT by trisham (Zen is not easy. It takes effort to attain nothingness. And then what do you have? Bupkis.)
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To: trisham
Yes, the writers usually gave McCoy the better lines. This is also one of those episodes where you can tell that Shatner deliberately abandoned any self-restraint in his performance. Completely over-the-top... but it worked in the context of the story.

The Romulan commander was a compelling character that resurfaced in novels and fan fiction decades later. Not bad for a single one-hour acting job.

31 posted on 09/29/2014 4:35:57 PM PDT by Charles Martel (Endeavor to persevere...)
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To: Charles Martel

I have to say that I don’t think that I fully appreciated the Star Trek series back in the day. I’m thinking that going back and watching it “from beginning to end” might be a lot of fun.


32 posted on 09/29/2014 4:39:48 PM PDT by trisham (Zen is not easy. It takes effort to attain nothingness. And then what do you have? Bupkis.)
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