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How the Ten Tribes of Israel Were Lost
Biblical Archaeology Review ^
| Winter 2024
| William G. Dever
Posted on 11/18/2024 10:34:56 PM PST by SunkenCiv
The final demise of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, at the hands of the powerful Assyrian Empire in 720 BCE, receives only a few terse passages in the Book of 2 Kings:Then the king of Assyria invaded all the land and came to Samaria; for three years he besieged it. In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria; he carried the Israelites away to Assyria. He placed them in Halah, on the Habor, the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes...
From at least the ninth century BCE, the Northern Kingdom of Israel had been more powerful and dominant than the small and relatively isolated Southern Kingdom of Judah. It was larger, more prosperous, and more international in character... Already at the Battle of Qarqar, in 853 BCE, King Ahab, the son and successor to Omri, the eponymous founder of the Northern Kingdom's leading dynasty, had collaborated with the kings of several nearby kingdoms to fight off the Assyrian advance. In fact, the Assyrian sources credit Ahab with bringing 2,000 chariots and 10,000 soldiers to the fight, well more than any other king could muster...
The Hebrew Bible describes captives taken away to Assyria, but it does not give any numbers. The Assyrian annals, however, specify that 27,290 captives were deported from Samaria. This refers to the region of Samaria and not just the capital, which could scarcely have had a population of more than a thousand...
At Hazor, archaeologist Yigael Yadin, who excavated much of the site in the 1950s and 1960s, described how the site's eighth-century levels ended in "final, complete" conflagration, which he identified with a layer of rubble and ash nearly 3 feet thick.
(Excerpt) Read more at library.biblicalarchaeology.org ...
TOPICS: History; Science; Travel
KEYWORDS: assyrianempire; catastrophism; gezer; godsgravesglyphs; hazor; israel; losttribes; williamdever; williamgdever
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1
posted on
11/18/2024 10:34:56 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
The rest of the Gezer and Hazor keywords, sorted:
- Unique 5,000-year-old Pots Found at Biblical Gezer in 1934 Are Finally Revealed [02/02/2024]
- Radiocarbon dating meets Egyptology and Biblical accounts in the city of Gezer [11/18/2023]
- Joseph and The Exodus [02/17/2019]
- Do these ruins prove the Biblical story of Exodus? Experts are testing ancient camps... [09/28/2018]
- Three Skeletons And A Fiery Destruction [Tel Gezer] [03/13/2018]
- Crafty Israelites: Iron Age Crafts at Tel Hazor [02/12/2018]
- 4,300-year-old statue head depicts mystery pharaoh [09/11/2017]
- 'Solomon's Palace' discovered in Israel, . . . (truncated) [09/04/2016]
- Tel Gezer Water System Built by Canaanites? [11/23/2015]
- Ruins of ancient Egyptian temple unearthed under modern Cairo [10/06/2015]
- Paid sick days and physicians at work: Ancient Egyptians had state-supported health care [02/22/2015]
- Phoenician colony in southeast Spain re-examined [04/01/2014]
- Ancient City Discovered Beneath Biblical-Era Ruins in Israel [11/18/2013]
- Pollen Study Points to Drought as Culprit in Bronze Age Mystery (Global Warming in Ancient Times) [10/26/2013]
- The Future of Israel's Past [08/07/2013]
- Unique Egyptian Sphinx Unearthed in North Israel [07/09/2013]
- Archeologists find 3,300-year-old burnt wheat [07/28/2012]
- Israel in Canaan (Long) Before Pharaoh Merenptah? A Fresh Look at Berlin Statue Pedestal Relief... [12/07/2010]
- David and Solomon [11/15/2010]
- Hebrew U. archeologists find Patriarchs-era tablet [07/31/2010]
- Carbon 14 -- The Solution to Dating David and Solomon? [08/01/2009]
- Pharaoh Seti I's Tomb Bigger Than Thought [04/17/2008]
- At Galilee Site, Solving A Mystery From The Time Of Solomon [08/28/2007]
- Old Testament Dispute Continues [08/05/2006]
- GOTTA SEE THIS-WarEndur.Freedom 7/16/06-Haifa,Safed,Dahyieh Junubiya,Jdaydet Yabous,Necore,Biddawi [07/16/2006]
- Digging Deep for Proof of an Ancient Jewish Capital [08/05/2005]
- The Battleground (Who Destroyed Megiddo? Was It David Or Shishak?) [10/23/2003]
- Excavations Strengthen Dating To Kings David & Solomon [04/16/2003]
- Pharaohs and Kings - A Test of Time [07/31/2002]
- Deconstructing the Walls of Jerico [06/22/2002]
- The Revision of Ancient History - A Perspective [04/19/2002]
2
posted on
11/18/2024 10:35:55 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
To: StayAt HomeMother; Ernest_at_the_Beach; 1ofmanyfree; 21twelve; 24Karet; 2ndDivisionVet; 31R1O; ...
3
posted on
11/18/2024 10:36:11 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
To: 75thOVI; Abathar; agrace; aimhigh; Alice in Wonderland; AnalogReigns; AndrewC; aragorn; ...
Projecting Prestige: Egyptian Statues from Canaanite Hazor | Igor Kreimerman | Winter 2024
Some two dozen fragments of ancient Egyptian statues have turned up in the excavations of the Canaanite city of Hazor in the Upper Galilee. Intriguingly, these statues were destroyed already in antiquity, and most were found in archaeological contexts dating centuries after the pieces were first made. Explore how, when, and why these high-end artifacts ended up at Late Bronze Age Hazor.
You have already read your free article for this month...
This one is almost of *those* topics, but this new link will be. Visit the "Archeologists find 3,300-year-old burnt wheat [07/28/2012]" topic for now.
4
posted on
11/18/2024 10:40:01 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
The rest of the losttribes keyword, sorted:
- How the Ten Tribes of Israel Were Lost [11/18/2024]
- India's Bnei Menashe Celebrate Hanukkah [12/18/2023]
- Richly decorated synagogue -- one of the oldest -- unearthed. See its marble treasures [08/27/2023]
- After 2,700 years: Bnei Menashe inaugurate 1st synagogue in Israel [11/22/2022]
- Archaeologists suggest that Rabana-Merquly could be the lost city of Natounia [07/22/2022]
- Assyrian Deportation and Resettlement [10/02/2019]
- Lord's Judgment Will Not Be Delayed Forever - A Meditation on the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel [06/21/2016]
- Archaeologists and geographers team to predict locations of ancient Buddhist sites [Ashoka's Edicts] [05/31/2016]
- The Ten 'Lost' Tribes Of Israel Were Never Actually Lost [05/12/2016]
- Greenfield: Who Can Count the Dust of Jacob? [05/12/2016]
- Genetic Testing Proves Bene Israel Community in India Has Jewish Roots [05/11/2016]
- Chinese olim have Golani Brigade in their sights [03/21/2015]
- Challenging History: The Dead Sea Scrolls [02/12/2015]
- British Indiana Jones Examines Evidence for Jewish Origin of Papua New Guinea Tribe [05/07/2013]
- Bene Israel hail DNA result {Indian Jewish history dating back 2000 years} [10/04/2012]
- That myth-crap of 'Khazars,' pushed by R. Islamists and Neo-Nazis alike [01/18/2012]
- Scholarly world abuzz over Jewish scrolls find [ Afghanistan ] [12/31/2011]
- More Than 7,200 Indian Jews to Immigrate to Israel [09/27/2011]
- Matzah and Marco Polo [06/29/2011]
- Israeli Government Allows 7,000 Bnei Menashe to Make Aliyah [06/24/2011]
- Pakistan's Jewish Problem [03/14/2011]
- Study finds genetic links among Jewish people [06/03/2010]
- Tribe in Zimbabwe Proven to be Descendants of Biblical Hebrews [03/07/2010]
- Are the Taliban Descended From One of Ten Lost Tribes of Israel? [01/09/2010]
- Info gathering on the exiled [07/19/2009]
- 'You can't find this in any other country' [03/24/2009]
- Murder and torture shakes an ancient pillar of the city [12/05/2008]
- The "Lost" Ten Tribes [07/17/2008]
- Cyrus cylinder's ancient bill of rights 'is just propaganda' [07/16/2008]
- 'Lost tribe of Israel' arrives in Jewish state [08/30/2007]
- Section Of Ancient Canal Discovered In Northern Iran [08/27/2007]
- Jews Assists Ancient Chinese to Make Earliest Paper Money: Expert [04/09/2007]
- After millennia in India, lost tribe returns to Israel [09/30/2006]
- Origin Of The Celts - Caucasian, Not European [08/20/2006]
- ZOT! "MELUNGEONS" THE "10 LOST TRIBES OF ISRAEL" [09/18/2005]
- India's Lost Tribe Recognized As Jews After 2,700 Years [09/16/2005]
- 'Lost tribe' of Israel Faces Summer Evac [07/05/2005]
- End of 2,700-year exodus for India's lost tribe of Jews [04/24/2005]
- Report: Israel to adopt 'Lost Tribe' [04/03/2005]
- Rabbinate Recognizes Bnei Menashe as "Descendants of Israel" [03/31/2005]
- The Lemba (The Black Jews Of Southern Africa) [03/14/2005]
- Jewish Stories for a Lost Tribe of Israel [12/18/2004]
- The Lost Tribes - Will They Return? [11/07/2004]
- The Lost Tribes -- Where Are They Today? [09/04/2004]
- India's 'lost Jews' wait in hope [08/19/2004]
- The Edicts of King Ashoka [07/18/2004]
- Identifying "Lost 10 Tribes" [12/26/2003]
- Genetic evidence links Jews to their ancient tribe [04/11/2003]
- Missouri Cherokee Tribes proclaim Jewish Heritage [02/21/2003]
- Was Troy a Metropolis? Homer Isn't Talking [10/21/2002]
- Who Were The Celts? [09/26/2002]
- Journey to the East [Looking for the Lost Tribes of Israel} [08/15/2002]
- India's children of Israel find their roots [07/20/2002]
- The Identity Movement [05/11/2002]
- Did Israel's Lost Tribes end up in Afghanistan? [02/02/2002]
- The Ten Lost Tribes: The Case for Afghanistan, Kashmir, and Pakistan [09/24/2001]
5
posted on
11/18/2024 10:42:21 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
To: SunkenCiv
“Following the destruction of all the key sites in the north and the deportation of thousands, the Assyrians resettled the area with displaced peoples whom they had conquered and deported from other regions of the Near East, including Syria and the Transjordan. The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover, while providing some revenue from a foreign population now rendered homeless. “
Odd, sure sounds like the unfettered illegal immigration efforts by world governments.
Gotta wonder about that.
6
posted on
11/18/2024 10:43:29 PM PST
by
Darksheare
(Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
To: Darksheare
It really doesn't. Moving an entire population from its home area into some completely foreign and often distant area, in unfamiliar terrain, with unfamiliar and often hostile neighbors, is an old, old practice. Simmers them down and helps reconcile them to foreign rule, on which they are now reliant and beholden.
The Assyrians, Persians, Romans, and modern empires including the USSR have done it.
The movement of the ten tribes was into the area north of the Black Sea led to the Ashkenazi Jews in Europe (they're bickering about something in my chromosomes right now), which, based on archaeological evidence, was at least for some period of time under Assyrian rule.
The bulk of them went to Central Asia. Assyrian rule also caused a widespread use of Aramaic, and wound up being used in Central Asia to the point that at least three of Ashoka's Pillars (in what is now Afghanistan) are inscribed with it -- it was the local written language.
There's an Assyrian-era record, clay tablet, dug up in eastern Anatolia somewhere, with a transliteration of the name Hezekiah on it, apparently a merchant.
7
posted on
11/18/2024 10:56:56 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
Apologies, when I said "written language" I should have said "spoken language". Last one, here's the Ashoka keyword, sorted:
8
posted on
11/18/2024 11:02:33 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
To: SunkenCiv
Mire specifically thus “The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover”
So yeah, it does.
9
posted on
11/18/2024 11:05:44 PM PST
by
Darksheare
(Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
To: Darksheare
No, it doesn’t. This Israelite tribes were forcibly removed to an area thousands of miles away, which left the land vacant, and various people wandered into it. That’s not what’s going on here and now.
10
posted on
11/18/2024 11:07:47 PM PST
by
SunkenCiv
(Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
To: SunkenCiv
“The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover”
Unfettered illegal immigration is doing the same thing.
11
posted on
11/18/2024 11:08:33 PM PST
by
Darksheare
(Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
To: SunkenCiv
Have you ever noticed tribes are always at the last place you look for them?
To: nickcarraway
Of course. After you’ve found them, you can stop looking for them.
13
posted on
11/18/2024 11:59:51 PM PST
by
Flatus I. Maximus
(TIM WALZ'S COVID LOCKDOWN MANDATES KILLED MY WIFE.)
To: SunkenCiv
The world’s first experiment in tribal federalism.
14
posted on
11/19/2024 12:15:34 AM PST
by
Carry_Okie
(The tree of liberty needs a rope.)
To: SunkenCiv
If they'd kept the land Sabbath as originally designed, said conquest would never have been attempted. That defensive system is laid out in
Shemitta, a brilliant multidisciplinary design.
15
posted on
11/19/2024 12:20:30 AM PST
by
Carry_Okie
(The tree of liberty needs a rope.)
To: SunkenCiv
16
posted on
11/19/2024 12:35:15 AM PST
by
RoosterRedux
(Emerson paraphrased, "If you strike at the king, don't fail." The Democrats failed. )
To: SunkenCiv
There are still 860 Samaritans in Israel, about half in Nablus at their ancestral temple mount of Gerizim, a competitor to Jerusalem. They have an essentially complete and identical Torah, celebrate most of the same holidays, use an ancient hebrew script, have strong Cohain DNA, and historically (~2,000 years ago) intermarried substantially with Southern Israelites from Judea.
I’m stunned, and studying.
17
posted on
11/19/2024 12:38:39 AM PST
by
Uncle Miltie
(NOT TIRED OF WINNING!)
To: SunkenCiv
18
posted on
11/19/2024 1:26:58 AM PST
by
Dave W
To: Darksheare
Stalin did a lot of population switching and eliminating.
19
posted on
11/19/2024 1:29:50 AM PST
by
fella
("As it was before Noah so shall it be again," )
To: fella
20
posted on
11/19/2024 2:29:09 AM PST
by
Darksheare
(Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
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