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How the Ten Tribes of Israel Were Lost
Biblical Archaeology Review ^ | Winter 2024 | William G. Dever

Posted on 11/18/2024 10:34:56 PM PST by SunkenCiv

The final demise of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, at the hands of the powerful Assyrian Empire in 720 BCE, receives only a few terse passages in the Book of 2 Kings:
Then the king of Assyria invaded all the land and came to Samaria; for three years he besieged it. In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria; he carried the Israelites away to Assyria. He placed them in Halah, on the Habor, the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes...
From at least the ninth century BCE, the Northern Kingdom of Israel had been more powerful and dominant than the small and relatively isolated Southern Kingdom of Judah. It was larger, more prosperous, and more international in character... Already at the Battle of Qarqar, in 853 BCE, King Ahab, the son and successor to Omri, the eponymous founder of the Northern Kingdom's leading dynasty, had collaborated with the kings of several nearby kingdoms to fight off the Assyrian advance. In fact, the Assyrian sources credit Ahab with bringing 2,000 chariots and 10,000 soldiers to the fight, well more than any other king could muster...

The Hebrew Bible describes captives taken away to Assyria, but it does not give any numbers. The Assyrian annals, however, specify that 27,290 captives were deported from Samaria. This refers to the region of Samaria and not just the capital, which could scarcely have had a population of more than a thousand...

At Hazor, archaeologist Yigael Yadin, who excavated much of the site in the 1950s and 1960s, described how the site's eighth-century levels ended in "final, complete" conflagration, which he identified with a layer of rubble and ash nearly 3 feet thick.

(Excerpt) Read more at library.biblicalarchaeology.org ...


TOPICS: History; Science; Travel
KEYWORDS: assyrianempire; catastrophism; gezer; godsgravesglyphs; hazor; israel; losttribes; williamdever; williamgdever
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Map of Assyrian conquest of Judah |
Map of Assyrian conquest of Judah

1 posted on 11/18/2024 10:34:56 PM PST by SunkenCiv
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The rest of the Gezer and Hazor keywords, sorted:

2 posted on 11/18/2024 10:35:55 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: StayAt HomeMother; Ernest_at_the_Beach; 1ofmanyfree; 21twelve; 24Karet; 2ndDivisionVet; 31R1O; ...

3 posted on 11/18/2024 10:36:11 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: 75thOVI; Abathar; agrace; aimhigh; Alice in Wonderland; AnalogReigns; AndrewC; aragorn; ...
Projecting Prestige: Egyptian Statues from Canaanite Hazor | Igor Kreimerman | Winter 2024
Some two dozen fragments of ancient Egyptian statues have turned up in the excavations of the Canaanite city of Hazor in the Upper Galilee. Intriguingly, these statues were destroyed already in antiquity, and most were found in archaeological contexts dating centuries after the pieces were first made. Explore how, when, and why these high-end artifacts ended up at Late Bronze Age Hazor.

You have already read your free article for this month...
This one is almost of *those* topics, but this new link will be. Visit the "Archeologists find 3,300-year-old burnt wheat [07/28/2012]" topic for now.



4 posted on 11/18/2024 10:40:01 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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The rest of the losttribes keyword, sorted:

5 posted on 11/18/2024 10:42:21 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

“Following the destruction of all the key sites in the north and the deportation of thousands, the Assyrians resettled the area with displaced peoples whom they had conquered and deported from other regions of the Near East, including Syria and the Transjordan. The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover, while providing some revenue from a foreign population now rendered homeless. “

Odd, sure sounds like the unfettered illegal immigration efforts by world governments.
Gotta wonder about that.


6 posted on 11/18/2024 10:43:29 PM PST by Darksheare (Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
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To: Darksheare
It really doesn't. Moving an entire population from its home area into some completely foreign and often distant area, in unfamiliar terrain, with unfamiliar and often hostile neighbors, is an old, old practice. Simmers them down and helps reconcile them to foreign rule, on which they are now reliant and beholden.

The Assyrians, Persians, Romans, and modern empires including the USSR have done it.

The movement of the ten tribes was into the area north of the Black Sea led to the Ashkenazi Jews in Europe (they're bickering about something in my chromosomes right now), which, based on archaeological evidence, was at least for some period of time under Assyrian rule.

The bulk of them went to Central Asia. Assyrian rule also caused a widespread use of Aramaic, and wound up being used in Central Asia to the point that at least three of Ashoka's Pillars (in what is now Afghanistan) are inscribed with it -- it was the local written language.

There's an Assyrian-era record, clay tablet, dug up in eastern Anatolia somewhere, with a transliteration of the name Hezekiah on it, apparently a merchant.

7 posted on 11/18/2024 10:56:56 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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Apologies, when I said "written language" I should have said "spoken language". Last one, here's the Ashoka keyword, sorted:

8 posted on 11/18/2024 11:02:33 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

Mire specifically thus “The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover”

So yeah, it does.


9 posted on 11/18/2024 11:05:44 PM PST by Darksheare (Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
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To: Darksheare

No, it doesn’t. This Israelite tribes were forcibly removed to an area thousands of miles away, which left the land vacant, and various people wandered into it. That’s not what’s going on here and now.


10 posted on 11/18/2024 11:07:47 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

“The practice shredded the social and cultural fabric of the region so that it could never recover”

Unfettered illegal immigration is doing the same thing.


11 posted on 11/18/2024 11:08:33 PM PST by Darksheare (Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
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To: SunkenCiv

Have you ever noticed tribes are always at the last place you look for them?


12 posted on 11/18/2024 11:12:44 PM PST by nickcarraway
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To: nickcarraway

Of course. After you’ve found them, you can stop looking for them.


13 posted on 11/18/2024 11:59:51 PM PST by Flatus I. Maximus (TIM WALZ'S COVID LOCKDOWN MANDATES KILLED MY WIFE.)
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To: SunkenCiv

The world’s first experiment in tribal federalism.


14 posted on 11/19/2024 12:15:34 AM PST by Carry_Okie (The tree of liberty needs a rope.)
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To: SunkenCiv
If they'd kept the land Sabbath as originally designed, said conquest would never have been attempted. That defensive system is laid out in Shemitta, a brilliant multidisciplinary design.
15 posted on 11/19/2024 12:20:30 AM PST by Carry_Okie (The tree of liberty needs a rope.)
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To: SunkenCiv

Bfl


16 posted on 11/19/2024 12:35:15 AM PST by RoosterRedux (Emerson paraphrased, "If you strike at the king, don't fail." The Democrats failed. )
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To: SunkenCiv

There are still 860 Samaritans in Israel, about half in Nablus at their ancestral temple mount of Gerizim, a competitor to Jerusalem. They have an essentially complete and identical Torah, celebrate most of the same holidays, use an ancient hebrew script, have strong Cohain DNA, and historically (~2,000 years ago) intermarried substantially with Southern Israelites from Judea.

I’m stunned, and studying.


17 posted on 11/19/2024 12:38:39 AM PST by Uncle Miltie (NOT TIRED OF WINNING!)
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To: SunkenCiv

p


18 posted on 11/19/2024 1:26:58 AM PST by Dave W
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To: Darksheare

Stalin did a lot of population switching and eliminating.


19 posted on 11/19/2024 1:29:50 AM PST by fella ("As it was before Noah so shall it be again," )
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To: fella

Yup.


20 posted on 11/19/2024 2:29:09 AM PST by Darksheare (Those who support liberal "Republicans" summarily support every action by same. )
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