Posted on 09/15/2024 7:07:47 AM PDT by SunkenCiv
CHAPTERS
The Lost Civilization of Outdoor Living 00:01:22
Mediterranean Italian and Tuscan Architecture: Etruscan Foundations 00:02:17
Did the Etruscans Build Rome? 00:03:48
Kings, Generals, and the Shaping of Tuscany 00:07:25
Archaeological Discoveries and UNESCO Sites 00:08:20
Etruscan Culture and Myths: The Soul of Tuscany 00:09:58
Common Questions About the Etruscans 00:10:27Etruscan Architecture: Secrets of the Lost Civilization of Outdoor Living | 14:21
Mythomaniac | 3.92K subscribers | 159 views | September 13, 2024
(Excerpt) Read more at youtube.com ...
Explore the lost civilization of outdoor living as we take you on a walking tour through ancient Tuscany, home of the Etruscans. This mysterious civilization laid the groundwork for Mediterranean Italian and Tuscan architecture, with their innovative designs seamlessly blending nature into daily life. From open courtyards to sacred spaces, the Etruscans influenced everything from outdoor living design to Roman engineering. Discover how this ancient culture, known for its myths, kings, and cultural heritage, shaped the very foundations of the Roman Empire.
Lessons from Italy: Etruscan Influence on Rome and Beyond
Unveil the deep connection between Etruscan civilization and modern Tuscan architecture as we explore UNESCO World Heritage sites, ancient cities, and enduring myths. Learn how Etruscan urban planning, sacred temples, and mastery of hydraulic systems defined their cities and influenced Rome’s rise to greatness. Their contributions to architecture and cultural heritage continue to resonate in the Tuscan countryside, offering lessons in balance, sustainability, and harmony with nature.
Transcript 0:00 · the Lost Civilization of outdoor living 0:02 · it was the atrans who truly mastered the 0:03 · art of blending architecture with the 0:05 · natural world as we walk through the 0:07 · ruins of their cities today were 0:08 · stepping into a world where Outdoor 0:10 · Living wasn't a design Trend it was 0:12 · essential to how they understood life 0:13 · the atrans who lived in what is now 0:15 · Tuscany from the 8th to 3rd centuries 0:17 · bcee created spaces where nature wasn't 0:20 · separate from daily life their homes and 0:22 · public spaces embraced the outdoors 0:23 · integrating Courtyards Gardens and 0:25 · Verandas in a way that feels 0:26 · surprisingly modern but who were these 0:28 · people the at truscan civiliz ation 0:30 · which flourished from the 88th century 0:31 · B.C until its gradual absorption by Rome 0:34 · in the 3rd Century B.C.E stands out for 0:36 · its innovative contributions to 0:37 · architecture urban planning and Outdoor 0:39 · Living their Mastery in creating 0:41 · harmonious environments that Blended 0:42 · nature with daily life set them apart 0:44 · from their contemporaries from the 0:46 · expansive Courtyards and open air 0:47 · atriums in their homes to their highly 0:49 · organized cities that integrated 0:50 · Agriculture and green spaces the atrans 0:53 · established a model of living that would 0:54 · influence the Mediterranean world for 0:56 · centuries their practices didn't just 0:58 · shape Landscapes they defined a way of 0:59 · life that still resonates in the Tuscan 1:01 · architecture we admire today the atrans 1:03 · have long been overshadowed by their 1:05 · Roman successes yet their civilization 1:07 · was among the most advanced of their 1:08 · time predating Rome by centuries and 1:10 · influencing it in ways most don't 1:11 · realize by the time Rome was built the 1:13 · atrans had already established Advanced 1:15 · engineering religious rituals and City 1:16 · Planning so why do so few people know 1:19 · about this enigmatic 1:21 · civilization let's Dive Into the Heart 1:23 · of ruscan society their homes and cities 1:25 · which were intricately tied to Nature 1:27 · ruscan settlements were built on 1:29 · hilltops designed to harmonize with the 1:30 · surrounding Landscapes often overlooking 1:32 · valleys and rivers this strategic 1:34 · positioning not only offered protection 1:36 · but also connected them spiritually to 1:38 · the land their reverence for the natural 1:40 · world influenced everything from their 1:42 · burial practices to the layout of their 1:43 · cities the atrans believed that Open 1:45 · Spaces weren't just for aesthetic 1:46 · pleasure they were vital for Community 1:48 · Living this is where the concept of 1:50 · outdoor living was born Courtyards were 1:51 · a centerpiece of their homes with rooms 1:53 · facing inward allowing residents to 1:55 · gather socialize and connect with nature 1:57 · these spaces also held religious 1:58 · significance shrines and alars in 2:00 · Courtyards were common reinforcing their 2:02 · connection between home community and 2:04 · the Divine the at truscan cities 2:05 · particularly in Tuscany were divided 2:06 · into sacred public and private spaces 2:08 · with open air Courtyards used not just 2:10 · for leisure but also for political and 2:12 · religious gatherings nature wasn't just 2:14 · a backdrop it was a participant in daily 2:16 · life if you walk through the Tuscan 2:18 · Countryside today you might think you're 2:19 · simply admiring modern Mediterranean 2:21 · architecture but what you're really 2:23 · seeing is a living testate to ruscan 2:24 · Ingenuity the atrans pioneered a 2:26 · philosophy of building that balanced 2:27 · human activity with nature and these 2:29 · elements to Define Tuscan and 2:31 · Mediterranean architecture today their 2:33 · use of natural materials like stone wood 2:35 · and terracotta was not just about 2:37 · availability but about creating harmony 2:39 · with the Earth these materials were left 2:40 · mostly untreated allowing the homes to 2:42 · age naturally blending into the 2:43 · Landscapes the idea of sustainability 2:45 · which we prize so highly today was 2:46 · ingrained in ruscan building practices 2:48 · over 2,500 years ago their Mastery of 2:50 · Hydraulic Engineering also cannot be 2:52 · understated the atrans were among the 2:54 · first to create complex Drainage Systems 2:56 · essential for both urban planning and 2:57 · agriculture these Innovations in Water 3:00 · Management allowed them to cultivate 3:02 · Lush Gardens and ensure that water 3:03 · flowed easily through their cities a 3:05 · practice later adopted and expanded by 3:06 · the Romans what most people don't know 3:08 · is that the atrans had a deep 3:10 · understanding of geology which informed 3:11 · their choice of building materials they 3:13 · specifically chose tough a volcanic 3:15 · Stone because of its durability and 3:16 · insulating properties even the Romans 3:19 · adopted this practice using tough to 3:20 · construct the caka Maxima Rome's first 3:23 · great sewer system their temples were 3:24 · particularly Innovative unlike the 3:26 · Greeks who focused on Symmetry and 3:28 · proportion at truscan temples were 3:29 · characterized by their massive roofs 3:31 · that extended far beyond the walls 3:33 · creating covered porches that blurred 3:34 · the line between interior and exterior 3:36 · this architectural style which 3:38 · emphasizes large Open Spaces has 3:40 · directly influenced the Tuscan Villas we 3:41 · admire today with their sweeping 3:43 · Terraces and Broad overhangs designed to 3:45 · provide shade and shelter in outdoor 3:46 · living areas no the atrans didn't build 3:49 · Rome Brick by Brick but their influence 3:51 · is woven into the very foundations of 3:53 · the city long before the Roman Republic 3:55 · emerged ruscan Kings ruled Rome shaping 3:58 · its early infrastructure and architect 3:59 · Cal identity from drainage systems to 4:01 · Temples the early Romans adopted key at 4:03 · truscan methods that would later define 4:05 · Roman Grandeur in fact Rome's 4:06 · transformation from a small settlement 4:08 · to a burgeoning citystate owed much to 4:10 · the advanced urban planning and 4:12 · Architectural expertise of the atrans 4:14 · one of the most iconic symbols of Roman 4:15 · architecture the arch was actually an at 4:18 · truscan invention the atrans perfected 4:20 · the use of the arch in their own City 4:21 · walls and gateways creating stable 4:23 · impressive structures that would later 4:24 · Inspire the Roman aqueducts and 4:26 · amphitheaters without this Innovation 4:28 · Roman engineering Brilliance would not 4:29 · not have reached the Monumental Heights 4:31 · we associate with structures like the 4:32 · Coliseum or the triumphal arches 4:34 · scattered throughout the Empire temples 4:35 · and religious architecture the at 4:38 · truscan influence wasn't just about 4:39 · infrastructure it was deeply spiritual 4:41 · at truscan temples were architectural 4:42 · masterpieces and their design was 4:44 · directly imported into early Roman 4:45 · religious architecture Podium temples 4:47 · one of the key features the Romans 4:48 · borrowed was the use of raised stone 4:50 · podio at truscan temples were built on 4:52 · these platforms elevating them both 4:53 · physically and symbolically above the 4:55 · surrounding landscape the Temple of 4:56 · Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capital 4:59 · Hill was mod after this at truscan 5:00 · Innovation wooden columns while later 5:02 · Roman architecture is known for its 5:03 · marble and stone columns early Roman 5:05 · temples featured wooden columns with 5:06 · stone bases a direct at truscan import 5:08 · known as Tuscan columns these columns 5:10 · became a Hallmark of both at truscan and 5:12 · early Roman architectural style 5:13 · terracotta decorations the atrans were 5:15 · known for their extravagant use of Terra 5:17 · Cotta in Temple decoration life-sized 5:19 · statues of gods often adorned the 5:20 · rooftops adding a dramatic flare early 5:22 · Roman temples embraced this ornate 5:24 · colorful style before evolving into the 5:25 · more AER marble designs we associate 5:27 · with Roman architecture today domestic 5:29 · architecture one of the most significant 5:31 · contributions of ruscan design to Roman 5:33 · Life was in domestic architecture The 5:34 · Atrium house a staple of Roman 5:36 · residential life can be traced back to 5:37 · at truscan homes Atrium houses the 5:40 · atrans designed their homes around a 5:41 · central open courtyard which allowed air 5:43 · and light to circulate creating a 5:45 · harmonious living environment the Romans 5:47 · not only adopted this design but honored 5:48 · its Origins by calling it The Atrium 5:50 · tuscum this layout became essential in 5:52 · Roman homes where the atrium often 5:54 · served as the heart of the household 5:55 · City Planning and infrastructure the 5:57 · atrans were also Pioneers in urban 5:59 · planning their cities such as tarquinia 6:01 · and voltera were fortified with massive 6:03 · stone walls featuring arched gateways 6:05 · these early examples of monumental 6:07 · architecture paved the way for the 6:08 · triumphal arches and elaborate 6:09 · fortifications that would later become 6:11 · Roman trademarks arches and City walls 6:14 · the Romans took at truscan techniques 6:15 · and scaled them up creating grander 6:17 · arches for triumphs and public 6:19 · celebrations but it was the atrans who 6:21 · laid the groundwork with their practical 6:22 · yet impressive designs Drainage Systems 6:25 · another significant Innovation was in 6:26 · urban infrastructure ruscan cities 6:28 · featured Rock Cut drain systems which 6:30 · were crucial in managing water and 6:31 · preventing floods in their Urban centers 6:33 · this knowledge directly influenced Roman 6:35 · Engineers who expanded on these systems 6:37 · to create the vast networks of aqueducts 6:38 · and sewers that sustained the growing 6:40 · Roman population tombs and funerary 6:42 · architecture even in death the atrans 6:44 · left an indelible mark on Roman culture 6:46 · at truscan tombs evolved from simple 6:47 · tumul Earth and mounds into elaborate 6:50 · Rock Cut tombs designed to mimic the 6:51 · homes of the living tumul and Rock Cut 6:53 · tombs these tombs such as those found in 6:55 · the UNESCO sites of ceria and tunia were 6:57 · designed as underground homes for the 6:59 · Dead complete with furnishings and 7:00 · elaborate Fresco depicting the afterlife 7:02 · this style of Tomb building influenced 7:03 · Roman funerary architecture where the 7:05 · dead were often inomed in colum Baria 7:07 · multi-level structures that hous the 7:08 · remains of numerous individuals the at 7:10 · truscan approach to death where tombs 7:12 · mirrored the architecture of daily life 7:14 · resonated with the Romans who embraced 7:16 · this concept of immortality through 7:17 · architecture their elaborate tombs 7:19 · became symbols of power Legacy and the 7:22 · Eternal connection between life and 7:23 · death at truscan Kings ruled Rome in its 7:26 · formative years and the cultural 7:28 · exchange between the two civil izations 7:30 · was profound Rome inherited much of its 7:32 · religious practices governance and even 7:34 · its alphabet from the atrans proving 7:36 · that before there was Roman culture 7:37 · there was atrasan culture the atrasan 7:39 · political system was a complex 7:41 · Federation of city-states each ruled by 7:42 · a king or lumo these leaders weren't 7:44 · just military generals they were also 7:46 · religious and Civic leaders who governed 7:48 · by the Divine will While most ancient 7:50 · civilizations centralized their power 7:52 · the atrans ruled through a loose 7:54 · Confederation a stark contrast to the 7:56 · Imperial expansionism of Rome this 7:58 · system allowed each City to develop its 7:59 · character and we can still see the 8:01 · unique identity of at truscan cities 8:02 · like tarquinia voltera and ceter in the 8:05 · remnants of their walls and tombs each 8:07 · City had its sacred sites with temples 8:09 · and altars designed to honor specific 8:11 · Gods the towns were well fortified and 8:13 · often built on elevated positions the 8:15 · atrans believed that Higher Ground 8:17 · brought them closer to the 8:18 · gods today our understanding of the 8:21 · atrans is being constantly Rewritten 8:22 · thanks to ongoing archaeological 8:24 · discoveries in vetulonia archaeologists 8:26 · have Unearthed an extraordinary at 8:27 · truscan Villa complete with intricate 8:29 · MOS ex Courtyards and ornate fountains 8:31 · this find offers a rare glimpse into the 8:33 · domestic life of the atrans showing 8:34 · their commitment to Beauty function and 8:36 · Harmony in Living Spaces the UNESCO 8:38 · recognized necropolises at tarquinia and 8:40 · ceri are another key to unlocking the 8:42 · mysteries of this Lost Civilization 8:44 · these tombs are more than just burial 8:46 · sites they are monuments to atrasan 8:48 · culture with elaborate frescos and 8:49 · carvings that depict the daily life 8:51 · religious beliefs and afterlife 8:52 · expectations of the atrans these 8:55 · necropolises were constructed to mirror 8:56 · the layout of the living cities complete 8:58 · with streets houses and public spaces 9:00 · for the dead the tombs themselves were 9:01 · often modeled after the homes of the 9:03 · deceased with Fresco and carvings 9:04 · depicting scenes from daily life 9:06 · including feasts dances and religious 9:08 · rituals emphasizing that life in the 9:10 · afterward was a continuation of the joys 9:12 · and responsibilities of the Earthly one 9:13 · walking through these tombs is like 9:15 · stepping into a time capsule offering a 9:17 · direct window into their world the 9:19 · atrans believed that death was a 9:20 · continuation of life which is why their 9:22 · tombs were designed to resemble their 9:23 · homes the design of these tombs which 9:26 · sometimes included multiple Chambers and 9:28 · were elaborately furnished with Goods 9:29 · for the deceased demonstrated the at 9:31 · truscan belief that the dead would need 9:33 · these items in their next life this 9:35 · concept would heavily influence Roman 9:37 · funeral practices but the scale and 9:39 · detail of ruscan necropolises reflect a 9:41 · society deeply concerned with the 9:42 · Journey of the soul and the need to 9:44 · honor the Dead with the same care and 9:46 · Grandeur they experienced in life this 9:48 · conception is strikingly similar to the 9:49 · Egyptian concept of burial for the 9:51 · afterlife showing just how connected 9:53 · ancient cultures could be despite the 9:55 · distance between them the atrans were a 9:57 · deeply spiritual people with a Anon of 9:59 · gods and a belief in fate that was woven 10:01 · into the very fabric of their society 10:04 · many of the myths and legends are 10:05 · associate with later Romans the atrasan 10:07 · goddess uni would become the Roman Juno 10:09 · and the myth of anas who founded the 10:11 · Roman people likely has atran Origins 10:14 · their mythological figures like Tina the 10:16 · sky God and king of their Pantheon were 10:18 · Central to their religious practices and 10:20 · the art found in their tombs reflects a 10:21 · rich tradition of Storytelling that 10:23 · still influences modern Italian folklore 10:25 · today before we wrap up let's dive into 10:27 · some frequently asked questions about 10:29 · about the atrans did the atrans really 10:31 · invent the gladiatorial games the atrans 10:34 · did host combat as part of funeral 10:35 · rituals but these weren't entertainment 10:37 · events they were religious in nature 10:39 · meant to honor the Dead the Romans later 10:41 · transformed this into the public 10:42 · spectacles we associate with Gladiators 10:44 · why do we know so little about the 10:46 · atrasan language and inscriptions people 10:49 · often think that because the atrans 10:50 · lived in such close proximity to Rome 10:52 · and Greece their language must be well 10:53 · understood much like Latin or Greek the 10:55 · atrasan language is one of the biggest 10:56 · mysteries in ancient Mediterranean 10:58 · studies unlike Latin or Greek at truscan 11:00 · belongs to a non-indo-european language 11:02 · family making it difficult to decipher 11:04 · using traditional linguistic methods 11:06 · while we have thousands of inscriptions 11:07 · most a short ferary or religious texts 11:09 · which provide little grammatical or 11:11 · syntactical context Additionally the 11:13 · atrans did not develop an extensive body 11:15 · of literature like the Greeks or Romans 11:17 · and much of what they wrote was on 11:18 · perishable materials such as linen and 11:20 · wax tablets which haven't survived the 11:21 · centuries the liba linos a linen book 11:24 · that was repurposed as mummy rappings in 11:26 · Egypt Remains the longest truscan text 11:27 · we have today but even it offers Limited 11:29 · information this linguistic isolation 11:31 · means that although their alphabet was 11:33 · derived from Greek the meanings of most 11:34 · words are still uncertain as a result 11:36 · much of it truscan culture remains 11:38 · enigmatic what was the role of women in 11:39 · at truscan society and how did this 11:41 · affect their architecture many assume 11:43 · that like in most ancient civilizations 11:45 · women in atrasan society had limited 11:47 · social roles atrasan women enjoyed a 11:50 · higher status and more freedom than 11:51 · their contemporaries in Greek and Roman 11:53 · societies this cultural distinction is 11:55 · reflected in at truscan art and 11:56 · architecture women appear prominently in 11:58 · ferary sculptures and Fresco often 12:00 · depicted dining with men participating 12:01 · in religious rituals or involved in 12:03 · public life activities that were off 12:05 · limits to women in most other ancient 12:06 · cultures the equal prominence of men and 12:08 · women in at truscan households may have 12:10 · influenced the design of homes as 12:11 · communal spaces where women were not 12:12 · confined to private spheres these 12:14 · societal Norms also extended to the 12:16 · construction of tombs where husbands and 12:17 · wives were often depicted side by side 12:19 · in Tomb paintings this equality likely 12:21 · influenced the design of public spaces 12:23 · and homes where the distinction between 12:25 · male and female areas was less rigid 12:27 · than in Roman or Greek architecture were 12:29 · the atrans influenced by Greek 12:30 · architecture or was it the other way 12:32 · around many believe that Greek 12:34 · architecture directly influenced the 12:35 · atrans due to Greece's historical 12:37 · Prestige and dominance in the ancient 12:39 · world while there was definitely 12:41 · cultural exchange between the atrans and 12:43 · the Greeks especially through trade it's 12:44 · a misconception that truscan 12:46 · architecture was simply derivative of 12:48 · Greek Styles in fact ruscan temples and 12:50 · public buildings predate much of Greek 12:52 · influence and possess features entirely 12:54 · unique to at truscan Society at truscan 12:56 · architecture heavily focused on wooden 12:58 · superstructure terracotta decorations 13:00 · and deep columned porches Elements which 13:02 · are rarely seen in Greek architecture 13:03 · the atrasan temple layout differs 13:05 · greatly from the Greek models while 13:06 · Greek temples were typically long and 13:08 · narrow the at truscan temples were wide 13:10 · and shallow emphasizing the front porch 13:12 · prous and relegating the cult statue to 13:14 · the back of the temple a feature later 13:16 · adopted by the Romans why did atrasan 13:18 · architecture incorporate so many 13:20 · terracotta decorations some people 13:22 · assume the atrans used terra cotta 13:23 · simply because it was an affordable or 13:25 · easy material to work with terra cotta 13:27 · was not just a practical material but an 13:29 · artistic and symbolic medium the atrans 13:32 · believed in using materials from the 13:33 · Earth to reflect their connection to 13:34 · Nature and the Divine terracotta's 13:36 · flexibility allowed them to create 13:38 · life-sized sculptures and intricate 13:39 · architectural decorations that wouldn't 13:41 · have been possible with stone for 13:43 · example the Temple of Apollo at vei 13:44 · featured terracotta statues on the roof 13:46 · most famously the life-size statue of 13:48 · Apollo which showcased the at truscan 13:50 · ability to create Monumental expressive 13:52 · figures with flowing drapery and dynamic 13:54 · poses terracotta's lightweight made it 13:56 · ideal for placing on the high roofs of 13:57 · temples which was typical in at truscan 13:59 · architecture but not common in Greek or 14:01 · Roman temples the atrans May Be A Lost 14:03 · Civilization but their influence is 14:05 · alive in the architecture myths and 14:07 · daily life of Tuscany today so what can 14:09 · we learn from their way of life is there 14:11 · balance with nature something we should 14:13 · bring back let me know in the comments 14:14 · below and don't forget to subscribe to 14:16 · mythomaniac Legends alive where we 14:17 · unravel the mysteries of ancient 14:19 · civilizations and keep the stories of 14:20 · the past alive
The other GGG topics added since the previous digest ping, alpha:
Narration by a synthetic Brit. :^) Digest links list is just above.
Fascinating civilization. Thanks ‘Civ.
My pleasure. Much more at the etruscan keywords shown up there.
I’ve been in Italy. No one has air conditioning. You have to stay outside.
Windows open at night, but at least have a screen (skeeters).
Great stuff, thanks. Walked through some of their ruins in central Italy, and the larger homes in Pompeii and Herculaneum look like they were influenced by the Etruscans.
:^) My pleasure.
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