Seal amulet with the name of the Hyksos pharoah Apophis. Credit: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (CC0)
(doesn't look like a seal. Turtle maybe...
Seal amulet with the name of the Hyksos pharoah Apophis. Credit: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (CC0)
(doesn't look like a seal. Turtle maybe...
It’s turtles all the way down.....
FIFY
“the first instance of Egypt being ruled by individuals of a foreign origin”
Even this is a dubious conjecture, since it ignores all the evidence that the Mesopotamians came in and did a little “regime change” around the 1st Dynasty.
Like the Roman Empire, the powerful and successful (at the time) Egyptian dynasties welcomed folks from other areas and likely even recruited some of them as soldiers, locally, when Egyptian armies fought outside of Egypt.
There were likely even alliances of convenience the Egyptian rulers made with leaders of non-Egyptian tribal groups across the Middle East.
Trade also brought in “foreigners”.
It surely did not happen at once, but gradually over time an alliance of “outsiders” settled in Egypt for quite some time thought they had been getting the short end of the stick and took over. They were probably found at the time spread all over Egyptian society, including the military.
Some Roman losses of territory of the empire happened the same way.
Interesting. Thanks for posting. History BUMP!
Joseph, whose sojourn in Egypt was chronicled in the book of Genesis may have dealt with a Hyksos ruler. And the subsequent king “who knew not Joseph” and enslaved the Hebrews (Exodus 1:8-11) may have been from the native dynasty that replaced the Hyksos.
I blame the Sea Peoples. Why not? - they get blamed for a lot anyway.
What was their language?
What did they worship?
Very loosely, as I am going from memory, Abraham was part of the first wave of migrants.. consisting of several nations from the Canaaite region like the Amalekites, etc. Collectively called the Hyksos. They dominated the northern part of Egypt, the mouth of the Nile. At that time I believe the pharaoh had already taken over the throne of the indigenous rulers. ‘pharaoh’ was a word that only applied to rulers of the north east region of the Nile and not the original rulers.
Joseph was sold into slavery later, have you ever wondered how he was able to raise so high up? because the rulers at the time (hyksos, amalekites) were basically the same
semitic people, spoke the same language, and were not the indigenous eqyptian rulers.
His father Jacob possibly also held a high position in the Egyptian kingdom. Scarabs have been found with his name: Jacob-hur.
The hyksos ruled for about 400 years, I forgot the name of the first ruler (Salid?). Muslem historians wrote in 1200 AD that verbal tradition was that there were three Pharaohs during Josephs lifetime, Pharaoh at Moses birth was Amalekite, called Rhyan, then came his cousin (who married the firsts wife), and the last one was from a Damascus lineage (so he usurped the throne), called Al-waleed. This last one pursued Moses out of Egypt but did not die in the parting of the red sea, forcing Moses to go into hiding for 40 additional years until he heard about the pharaoh’s death. That probably corresponds to the time the original pharaohs kicked the hicksos out of Egypt. Interestingly the son of the first pharaoh Rhyan was made a priest and was the old priest that had the magic battle with Moses. (Janis?)
Tradition says that while in the Yemen and Mecca area the Jewish tribes basically eradicated the Amalekite presence in Saudi Arabia.
There is so much tradition and detail in the 10th century arab manuscripts, I am surprised they are not mentioned in western society, even just for discussion sake.
Sounds like a George S0r0s/Hillary operation! ;)
THAT is why they were so afraid of the Hebrews. They feared a repeat of history..................