Posted on 07/16/2020 2:37:49 PM PDT by SunkenCiv
The Hyksos were a foreign dynasty that ruled parts of Egypt between approximately 1638-1530 BCE, the first instance of Egypt being ruled by individuals of a foreign origin. The common story is that the Hyksos were invaders from a far-off land, but this idea has been drawn into question. Archaeological evidence does link Hyksos culture with an origin in the Near East, but exactly how they rose to power is unclear.
...Stantis and colleagues collected enamel samples from the teeth of 75 humans buried in the ancient Hyksos capital city of Tell el-Dab'a in the northeast Nile Delta. Comparing ratios of strontium isotopes in the teeth to environmental isotope signatures from Egypt and elsewhere, they assessed the geographic origins of the individuals who lived in the city. They found that a large percentage of the populace were non-locals who immigrated from a wide variety of other places. This pattern was true both before and during the Hyksos dynasty.
This pattern does not match the story of a sudden invasion from a single far-off land, but of a multi-cultural region where one internal group - the Hyksos - eventually rose to power after living there for generations. This is the first study to use archaeological chemistry to address the origins of the Hyksos rulers, but the authors note that more investigations and broader chemical techniques will be needed to identify the specific ancestries of the Hyksos and other non-local residents of Egypt.
Stantis adds: "Archaeological chemistry, specifically isotopic analysis, shows us first-generation migration during a time of major cultural transformations in ancient Egypt. Rather than the old scholastic theories of invasion, we see more people, especially women, migrating to Egypt before Hyksos rule, suggesting economic and cultural changes leading to foreign rule rather than violence."
(Excerpt) Read more at eurekalert.org ...
whoops, that was weird.
“It’s tough being an imaginary bad guy, I’ll say that.”
—
The Sea Peoples will get you when you’re sleeping for saying they’re imaginary, you know.
The Egyptians usually had a massive food surplus, which made all their side projects (big temples, pyramids, probably something like the dole) possible, and when neighboring areas didn't have their poop in a group, refugees would enter the country. Also, Egypt was intermittently an occupied territory starting with the Hyksos and continuing until, well, the present, since the Arab population is not a native one, it's just been around a long long time, look at that.
They only act when someone is walking around without a mask, these days.
What was their language?
What did they worship?
Very loosely, as I am going from memory, Abraham was part of the first wave of migrants.. consisting of several nations from the Canaaite region like the Amalekites, etc. Collectively called the Hyksos. They dominated the northern part of Egypt, the mouth of the Nile. At that time I believe the pharaoh had already taken over the throne of the indigenous rulers. ‘pharaoh’ was a word that only applied to rulers of the north east region of the Nile and not the original rulers.
Joseph was sold into slavery later, have you ever wondered how he was able to raise so high up? because the rulers at the time (hyksos, amalekites) were basically the same
semitic people, spoke the same language, and were not the indigenous eqyptian rulers.
His father Jacob possibly also held a high position in the Egyptian kingdom. Scarabs have been found with his name: Jacob-hur.
The hyksos ruled for about 400 years, I forgot the name of the first ruler (Salid?). Muslem historians wrote in 1200 AD that verbal tradition was that there were three Pharaohs during Josephs lifetime, Pharaoh at Moses birth was Amalekite, called Rhyan, then came his cousin (who married the firsts wife), and the last one was from a Damascus lineage (so he usurped the throne), called Al-waleed. This last one pursued Moses out of Egypt but did not die in the parting of the red sea, forcing Moses to go into hiding for 40 additional years until he heard about the pharaoh’s death. That probably corresponds to the time the original pharaohs kicked the hicksos out of Egypt. Interestingly the son of the first pharaoh Rhyan was made a priest and was the old priest that had the magic battle with Moses. (Janis?)
Tradition says that while in the Yemen and Mecca area the Jewish tribes basically eradicated the Amalekite presence in Saudi Arabia.
There is so much tradition and detail in the 10th century arab manuscripts, I am surprised they are not mentioned in western society, even just for discussion sake.
Yes. the biggest influx from the Arabian peninsula did not arrive in Egypt slowly over the early centuries. It came with the Muslims armies during their conquest of Egypt between 639 and 645 A.D.
But, I did not understand the purpose of your link at: “been around a long long time, look at that”.
"An alliance?
"An alliance!"
"Now get out of here!"
Western Semitic language, and [snip] There was a slight mixing in their religions as the Hyksos adopted the god Seth while contributing Astarte and Rashef to the Egyptian repertoire [/snip]
https://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-us12/2012/08/02/who-were-the-hyksos/
When I got that "long long time" part, I just finished the line from that song.
By and large, the Arab “histories” started out one thing, and were edited for idealogical reasons by the Mohammedans.
A version of the name Moses pops up in an Arab tradition, but isn’t generally connected to the OT Moses — Mozaikiya “the soul of Yahweh”. [ http://www.varchive.org/ce/baalbek/desert.htm ]
“Jacob scarabs”
http://cojs.org/jacob_scarab_seals-_18th_century_bce/
Uh-oh, they've just stormed on in and are poking me with the soft cushion.
Not the comfy chair!!!
(Or the bees!!)
No way that was gonna work. Too many people got their mail.
You’d think tax records might show politic peripheries outside of central rule. Anything you know of in the record?
What I find interesting is that before the Hebrews encountered and lived among the Egyptians, they had no physical representations of G-d’s presence, not the ark and no tabernacle nor temple. They from Abraham to Moses had the basic Noahide code for living according to laws G-d set down for the children of Noah, but none of the external trappings added after their time in Egyptian society.
Also interesting are some prayers to G-d that come into the bible after the Hebrews left Egypt that are nearly identical to prayers in some Egyptian temples - though the bible places them in the context of G-d and not an Egyptian god.
AFAIK, there are zero tax records from ancient Egypt, any kind of levy was in-kind, x number of bushels of grain, x number of chickens, that kind of thing. And no such records survive. The local governor paid the pharaoh and the temples, and collected from his lower officials, etc down the line until the tax collecting toughs actually went out and collected.
Local Hyks.
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