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Prehistoric women’s manual labor exceeded that of athletes through the first 5500 years of farming
The Verge ^

Posted on 11/29/2017 2:57:01 PM PST by BenLurkin

Abstract

The intensification of agriculture is often associated with declining mobility and bone strength through time, although women often exhibit less pronounced trends than men. For example, previous studies of prehistoric Central European agriculturalists (~5300 calibrated years BC to 850 AD) demonstrated a significant reduction in tibial rigidity among men, whereas women were characterized by low tibial rigidity, little temporal change, and high variability.

Because of the potential for sex-specific skeletal responses to mechanical loading and a lack of modern comparative data, women’s activity in prehistory remains difficult to interpret.

This study compares humeral and tibial cross-sectional rigidity, shape, and interlimb loading among prehistoric Central European women agriculturalists and living European women of known behavior (athletes and controls). Prehistoric female tibial rigidity at all time periods was highly variable, but differed little from living sedentary women on average, and was significantly lower than that of living runners and football players.

However, humeral rigidity exceeded that of living athletes for the first ~5500 years of farming, with loading intensity biased heavily toward the upper limb. Interlimb strength proportions among Neolithic, Bronze Age, and Iron Age women were most similar to those of living semi-elite rowers.

These results suggest that, in contrast to men, rigorous manual labor was a more important component of prehistoric women’s behavior than was terrestrial mobility through thousands of years of European agriculture, at levels far exceeding those of modern women.


TOPICS: History
KEYWORDS: ancientautopsies; bronzeage; godsgravesglyphs; ironage; neolithic
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To: BenLurkin

In Iroquois history, the men went out and shot the deer, etc.

Here`s something pretty close to boney women.

“women would also go out into the forest and cut down and carry the wood back to the village so that they may have some sort of heat during the cold winters and also that they were able to cook the food that the men would catch.”

https://www.vaniercollege.qc.ca/tlc/publications/native-circle/native-circle-2003/ashley-thomas3.pdf

“The Women are obliged to prepare the Land, to mow, to plant, and do every Thing; the Men do nothing except hunting, fishing, and going to War against their Enemies”

‘Dutch Minister Describes the Iroquois (1644)’

“[The Rev. John Megapolensis was a minister at the Dutch church in Rensselaerwyck in New Netherlands, and he was a missionary to the Indians.]”
http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/07-dut.html


21 posted on 11/29/2017 3:49:59 PM PST by bunkerhill7 ((((("The Second Amendment has no limits on firepower"-NY State Senator Kathleen A. Marchione.")))))))
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To: wally_bert
Bronto-burgers were heavy.

---

Yup!


22 posted on 11/29/2017 4:29:44 PM PST by Flick Lives (The FBI is a taxpayer funded Mafia organization)
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To: Pilgrim's Progress
And at the end of the day, they were hotties. Image and video hosting by TinyPic
23 posted on 11/29/2017 8:33:21 PM PST by tumblindice (America's founding fathers: all white armed conservatives)
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To: tumblindice

Just some man’s fantasy.


24 posted on 11/30/2017 2:07:57 PM PST by Bellflower (Who dares believe Jesus?)
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To: BenLurkin; BusterDog; StayAt HomeMother; Ernest_at_the_Beach; pax_et_bonum; decimon; 1010RD; ...
Thanks BenLurkin.

25 posted on 12/01/2017 10:03:44 AM PST by SunkenCiv (www.tapatalk.com/groups/godsgravesglyphs/, forum.darwincentral.org, www.gopbriefingroom.com)
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To: Responsibility2nd

Oh yeah. And they were so well bathed, groomed, primped, and fashionable too!


26 posted on 12/01/2017 10:07:02 AM PST by Rebelbase (The urge to save humanity is almost always only a false-face for the urge to rule it.-- H.L. Mencken)
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To: txrefugee

“And then university graduates, who spend tens of thousands of dollars for a degree in this nonsense, are amazed and depressed that the only job openings for them are at Starbuck’s.”

You’re not supposed to notice.


27 posted on 12/01/2017 10:30:15 AM PST by Pelham (Rope. Tree. Journalist.)
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To: BenLurkin
Stashu Pandowski

Ask me now no questions
And I tell you now no lies
When I marraige my Sophia she be apple of my eye
She not very much good for pretty
But she work hard all day long
She not very much good for pretty
But she pretty much good for strong.

28 posted on 12/01/2017 12:58:13 PM PST by P.O.E. (Pray for America)
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To: bunkerhill7

“...the Men do nothing except hunting, fishing, and going to War against their Enemies.”

Well - that’s not exactly “nothing”. It obviously is the most natural of things - seeing as the indians (”stone age”) were doing similar things as their stone age neighbors an ocean and 6,000 years away.

And while I wouldn’t suggest that my kids get into paleontology - this kind of research is pretty interesting. I’m not sure what “good” it does - but I’m guessing a lot of science is like that.


29 posted on 12/01/2017 2:41:10 PM PST by 21twelve (http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2185147/posts FDR's New Deal = obama)
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To: BenLurkin

Works for me. I appreciate the fact that the men were off somewhere thinking deep thoughts. like: “Who are we? Where did we come from? What is our purpose”


30 posted on 12/03/2017 12:00:44 PM PST by wildbill (If you check behind the shower curtain for a slasher, and find one.... what's your plan?)
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To: SunkenCiv
In the 1840’s and 1850’s when my family went West things were different.

For example, everyone walked, none of this family ridding on the drivers seat thing. If a woman had a kid, maybe for a while, then back on your hooves with the kid.

Also no horses, oxen were the thing, horses and plains forage didn't mix.

At last Zion, dad built the house, foraged for wood, cleared the land, while mom did every thing else, garden, clothes, kids, cooking.

My GGrand Mother walked to Utah at the age of three, her mother died before the trip and her father during (along with 139 others). She was going to be given to some people heading to the Oregon some cousins, not uncommon at the time adopted her.

She helped settle two towns, had 11 kids that lived, delivered 220+ kids as a midwife, along with keeping house, doing a garden, washing clothes, and church stuff.

Not bad for a +/- 5 foot Scot, lived to be 86.

31 posted on 12/03/2017 12:40:15 PM PST by Little Bill (VN 65 - 68)
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To: Little Bill
That's a great account! My great-grands worked and toiled, really put me to shame. But that's the natural consequence, the legacy, of their hard work. Thank you, all my ancestors.

32 posted on 12/04/2017 3:27:42 AM PST by SunkenCiv (www.tapatalk.com/groups/godsgravesglyphs/, forum.darwincentral.org, www.gopbriefingroom.com)
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