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Why do songs get stuck in your head?
The Straight Dope ^ | October 16, 2009 | Cecil Adams

Posted on 10/24/2009 4:34:36 AM PDT by Slings and Arrows

October 16, 2009

Dear Cecil:

What’s the deal with getting a song stuck in your head? Why does it happen, especially if it’s a song you don’t like or don’t even know well? Yet all you can think about is that stupid tune. Please enlighten me; I’m getting really sick of “Tainted Love” running circles through my brain.

Meg

Cecil replies:

You think you’ve got problems? My assistant Una claims she had the same tune running through her head off and on for 27 years. Only after laborious research online was she able to establish what it was: a concerto by Antonio Vivaldi, which at least has some class. Can you imagine 27 years of “Achy Breaky Heart”?

As is all too often the case with the interesting parts of science, we don’t know much about this phenomenon but we have a good name for it: earworm, a translation of the German Ohrwurm. (Use the German if you want anyone to pay attention to you in the faculty lounge.) People have been interested in earworms for a while now — Mark Twain used one as a plot device in his 1876 story “A Literary Nightmare.” They’re the most common type of what’s called “involuntary imagery,” sounds, pictures, smells, and even tastes that repeatedly come to mind unbidden.

One theory is that earworms are a form of mild musical hallucination (normally a rare experience), the distinction being that with an earworm you (a) usually aren’t on drugs or suffering from schizophrenia and thus (b) are fully aware there’s no actual music being played outside of your skull. Another theory is that earworms are a side effect of your brain trying to consolidate memories, akin to what happens in REM sleep. Yet another possibility is pondered by neurologist Oliver Sacks in his book Musicophilia: earworms might simply be a consequence of our being surrounded by music in our lives whether we want to be or not.

A more promising line of investigation in my opinion is to focus on the earworminess of particular songs. Una contacted the office of James Kellaris, a professor of marketing at the University of Cincinnati who’s styled himself “Dr. Earworm” after years studying the subject, to learn more about a theory of his known as “cognitive itch.” According to Kellaris, “certain pieces of music may have properties that excite an abnormal reaction in the brain” — in other words, your brain detects something extraordinary or unusual about the music that compels attention. Your brain tries to process the itch by repeating it, which only makes things worse — not unlike an epidermal itch. Kellaris finds the music most likely to cause an earworm has one or more of three key qualities: repetitiveness, simplicity, and what he calls incongruity, often an unexpected rhythmic variation. One example he gives is the song “America” from West Side Story, which features a repetitive melody and shifting time signatures.

A 2003 study by Kellaris showed that nearly 98 percent of people experienced earworms, usually involving sung rather than instrumental tunes. (Una’s Vivaldi was a relative rarity, obviously indicating her superior intellect.) While women and men experienced earworms equally often, women had to put up with them for longer and were more likely to be peeved. Kellaris’s research also suggests that musicians and those inclined to worry are particularly susceptible to worm attacks.

In the early 1980s Chicago parking garage bigwig Myron Warshauer used earworms as the basis of a patented “musical theme floor reminder system,” in which a different well-known song plays in each floor’s elevator lobby. When you come back hours later and can’t remember what floor you parked on, all you have to do is pay attention to the tune that’s (theoretically) still running through your head — the song titles are listed opposite the buttons in the elevators.

Despite all this, no one really knows what causes earworms or how to get rid of them. Common removal techniques include replacing the tune with a different one, trying to distract oneself with something else, listening to the piece in question, talking to others about the earworm, or just waiting the worm out.

In an unscientific poll on the Straight Dope Message Board, more than half of 91 respondents reported experiencing earworms daily, with popular music by far the most common culprit. About half could get rid of an earworm only by putting something else in its place; 30 percent said nothing worked reliably. Another survey of 286 people found earwormants typically had heard the song three times or more just before the earworm set in and were in a “neutral to positive emotional state” but alone and bored. So avoid ennui, my friends. That’s when the earworms strike.

A final infobit: A 2005 survey found 7.5 percent of respondents were inflicted by their least favorite song as an earworm, and more than a third hated the song’s lyrics more than anything else about it. The most loathed tune? No surprise here: Billy Ray Cyrus’s “Achy Breaky Heart.”

Cecil Adams


TOPICS: Health/Medicine; Humor; Music/Entertainment
KEYWORDS: napl; songs
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To: Slings and Arrows

No, it’s not the theme song, it’s just some bumper music he uses occasionally.


121 posted on 10/25/2009 1:57:43 AM PDT by gattaca (Great things can be accomplished if you don't care who gets the credit. Ronald Reagan)
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To: Slings and Arrows; Larry Lucido; Cagey; MotleyGirl70

George: You know they way I work, I’m like a commercial jingle. First it’s a little irritating, then you hear it a few times, you hum it in the shower, by the third date it’s “By Mennen!”

**********

“Co-STAN-za.”


122 posted on 10/25/2009 12:40:46 PM PDT by earlJam
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To: goat granny

At least you don’t have Alzheimers’ ‘cause the info is just showing up late ... ROTLFMPO !!

It is very seldom that I do NOT have some song or other running around in my head- they almost always take turns, and can be classical, popular songs, commercial ditties, or just something I made up myself. I enjoy this, generally. If for some reason one persists a bit too long, it is easy to get rid of- simply start singing or humming or even thinking of another tune.

“Hummingbird don’t fly away, fly away ... don’t fly-y away... don’t fly a-a-way...don’t fly away... don’t fly a-a-way...don’t fly away... don’t fly a-a-way... “ will always get me on a different track if I am somewhere I can’t sing out loud!


123 posted on 10/25/2009 1:00:48 PM PDT by AFPhys ((Praying for our troops, our citizens, that the Bible and Freedom become basis of the US law again))
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To: Slings and Arrows
Ugh, earworms. Ten years ago, I was in the hospital on morphine and couldn't get the VeggieTales Cheeseburger song out of my mind. I was trapped in the stupid music video of it and couldn't get out. It just kept playing over and over and over and over. I was literally in a panic by the time it was all over. Nasty. I still can't listen to it without wanting to flee.
124 posted on 10/25/2009 1:06:25 PM PDT by FourPeas (Why does Professor Presbury's wolfhound, Roy, endeavour to bite him?)
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To: Slings and Arrows
I read somewhere that one song people report as being particulary hard to get rid of is Candyman.
125 posted on 10/25/2009 1:09:16 PM PDT by FourPeas (Why does Professor Presbury's wolfhound, Roy, endeavour to bite him?)
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To: Slings and Arrows

It’s a small world, after all...


126 posted on 10/25/2009 1:10:48 PM PDT by Billthedrill
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To: Billthedrill

I’m ‘Enry the Eighth, I am...


127 posted on 10/25/2009 1:30:30 PM PDT by Slings and Arrows ("When France chides you for appeasement, you know you're scraping bottom." --Charles Krauthammer)
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To: Fiji Hill

Circa: 1950’s Its Cherry pink and Appleblossom White...


128 posted on 10/25/2009 4:16:57 PM PDT by goat granny
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To: grey_whiskers
LOL that was one of my favorite songs......In the year 2525 if man is still alive if women can survive.

Thats all I remember.....:O)

129 posted on 10/25/2009 4:19:10 PM PDT by goat granny
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To: oldteen

Fats was much better....also*** I found my thrill on Blueberry hill........


130 posted on 10/25/2009 4:30:44 PM PDT by goat granny
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To: Slings and Arrows

Did you ever hear the one about how it’s a small world after all it’s a small world after all it’s a small world after all it’s a small small world? But it doesn’t end there, NOOOOOOO....


131 posted on 10/25/2009 7:27:28 PM PDT by a fool in paradise (I refuse to "reduce my carbon footprint" all the while Lenin remains in an airconditioned shrine)
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To: Slings and Arrows

In the year 2525 if man is still alive, Obamacare will finally come online at only a cost of $425,958,435,343,534,454,434,232,543,674,453,422.73


132 posted on 10/25/2009 7:28:56 PM PDT by a fool in paradise (I refuse to "reduce my carbon footprint" all the while Lenin remains in an airconditioned shrine)
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To: capt. norm
What really bothers me is when I get a commercial jingle stuck in my head...especially if the commercial is for something I don’t like.

YES WE CAN! YES WE CAN! YES WE CAN!

HOPEY CHANGEY CORP.

133 posted on 10/25/2009 7:30:04 PM PDT by a fool in paradise (I refuse to "reduce my carbon footprint" all the while Lenin remains in an airconditioned shrine)
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To: goat granny
Cherry Pink and Appleblossom White

A big hit for Perez Prado, the Mambo King, from 1955.

134 posted on 10/25/2009 10:54:10 PM PDT by Fiji Hill
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To: FourPeas
I read somewhere that one song people report as being particulary hard to get rid of is Candyman.

"Candy Man"? So someone besides me remembers that Roy Orbison tune from the summer of 1961!

135 posted on 10/25/2009 11:02:38 PM PDT by Fiji Hill
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To: Fiji Hill

Your giving away your age. :O)


136 posted on 10/26/2009 12:42:26 AM PDT by goat granny
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To: AFPhys

I just want to know why, in my head, I sing on tune and its great, what comes out of my mouth is so bad even my brain gets disgusted. Can’t carry a tune if my life depended on it....even the dogs walk out of the room, and my grandkids laugh out loud.


137 posted on 10/26/2009 12:48:49 AM PDT by goat granny
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