Posted on 01/02/2003 7:03:41 AM PST by SJackson
Edited on 04/22/2004 11:47:48 PM PDT by Jim Robinson. [history]
Is that with double s? :-)
The Journal just had to get this dig in, even if it has to use this brave young man to do it.
The 9/11 crew of murderers were immigrants too, Mr. Asman. And many Americans, both native and foreign-born, think it makes sense to be very careful about who let into our country - that we should separate the Felipes from the Mohammed Attas, rather than let just anyone cross our borders indiscriminately.
But to paraphrase Felipe, we're all in it together now. Neutrality is not an option when all those who favor freedom have been targeted. I'm just glad Felipe realized freedom was something worth fighting for three years ago.
I am very proud of all of our military, and I think this is an excellent article.
Note the authors comments:
I had brought Felipe and his mother to the U.S. from Nicaragua in 1988. Because of enormous snafus with the INS, Felipe had turned 18 without having his papers for citizenship approved. The INS had misplaced documents that had been sent to them two years earlier by my wife.
Our first priority should be securing our borders. But the INS is a mess from top to bottom. As I understand it, 15 of the 19 hijackers shouldnt have been given visas, but they knew they system.
Felipe, here legally and attempting to become a citizen, apparently has endured years of frustration following the rules.
Group of Sixty to Seventy Marines at Attention, Nicaragua, between 1927-1929. Prints and Photographs Division LC-USZ62-99697 (negative of lantern slide) |
On January 2, 1933, the United States Marines Corps withdrew from Nicaragua. It trained and left behind a powerful National Guard in a country beset by struggle between liberal and conservative forces centered respectively in the cities of León and Grenada.
Founded by the Spanish in the early 1550s, the two cities became competing poles of power. Their militant rivalry often left Nicaragua subject to outside interests even after the country gained independence from Spain in the early 1800s.
British and U.S. interests in Nicaragua grew during the mid-1800s because of its strategic importance as a transit route across the Central American isthmus. With the advent of the California gold rush, Nicaragua proved a popular interoceanic shortcut. Cornelius Vanderbilt's steamship company transported supplies and prospectors from the Atlantic, along Nicaragua's San Juan River, then across Lake Nicaragua to the Pacific.
John M. Letts wrote of his 1849 travels through Nicaragua:
. . . arrived at Lake Leon. The appearance of this lake as it opened to our view was peculiarly striking. It is shut in by lofty mountains, which tower up in innumerable peaks of volcanic origin . . . the smoke curls gracefully out, commingling with the clouds . . .
We passed along down to Mat[e]ares, a small town situated on an eminence overlooking the lake, and inhabited by descendants of the African race. We breakfasted on chickens, frijoles, tortillos[sic], eggs . . . and after an hour's detention started for Managua. We passed through a delightful region of country, the soil, in many places, highly cultivated, bearing the impress of thrift and industry, I had not before seen in the country. Fruits grow in abundance, cattle had an unlimited range, and were the finest I ever saw; the country was broken, the mountains towering up to the clouds, and some covered with perpetual snow; but at their base were vales watered by mountain rivulets, and shaded by groves of orange and fig, seeming a retreat fit for the angels.John M. Letts,
California Illustrated; Including a Description of the Panama and Nicaragua Routes,
pages 153-154.
California As I Saw It: First Person Narratives, 1849-1900
John Hill Wheeler, United States Minister to Nicaragua, studio of Mathew Brady, photographer, between 1844 and 1860. America's First Look at the Daguerreotypes, 1839-1862 |
In 1856, at the invitation of Nicaraguan liberals, a Tennessee filibuster named William Walker invaded Nicaragua with a small armed force and the hope of extending the southern U.S. slave culture overseas. He enjoyed initial success, however, when he presumed to establish himself as president of Nicaragua, Walker was routed by the joint efforts of Nicaragua's opposing political factions, Vanderbilt's steamship company, the British government, and other Central American republics. Walker narrowly escaped their capture only to surrender himself to the U.S. Navy the following year.
In 1897, President William McKinley appointed the Nicaragua Canal [Walker] Commission to reexamine the logistics of a canal route through the Isthmus of Nicaragua. The commission estimated the cost of construction at $118,113,790 not including interest and administration. However, when Nicaragua's President Zelaya invited both Germany and Japan to compete with the United States for construction rights, the U.S. built through Panama instead.
Beginning in 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt framed the Big Stick Policy to forward U. S. interests and to restrict European influence in the Americas. In 1909 this corollary to the Monroe Doctrine impacted Nicaragua. Responding to the execution of two of its citizens, the U.S. landed four-hundred marines on Nicaragua's shore. In a 1912 effort to retain power, conservative forces requested aid and the U.S. landed 2,700 marines. Thereafter, the U.S. maintained a presence in Nicaragua almost continually until 1933.
Why yes I have (USMC, Desert Shield/Storm 90/91), so the author can take this little dig and shove it up its arse.
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