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The Misplaced Math Student: Lost in Eighth-Grade Algebra
Brookings ^ | September 22, 2008 | Tom Loveless

Posted on 09/23/2008 11:01:59 PM PDT by reaganaut1

Algebra in eighth grade was once reserved for the mathematically gifted student. In 1990, very few eighth graders, about one out of six, were enrolled in an algebra course. As the decade unfolded, leaders began urging schools to increase that number. President Clinton lamented, “Around the world, middle students are learning algebra and geometry. Here at home, just a quarter of all students take algebra before high school.”1 The administration made enrolling all children in an algebra course by eighth grade a national goal. In a handbook offering advice to middle school students on how to plan for college, U.S. Secretary of Education Richard Riley urged, “Take algebra beginning in the eighth grade and build from there.” Robert Moses ratcheted up the significance of the issue by labeling algebra “The New Civil Right,” thereby highlighting the social consequences of so many poor and minority students taking remedial and general math courses instead of algebra.

The campaign was incredibly successful. Several urban school districts declared a goal of algebra for all eighth graders. In 1996, the District of Columbia led the nation with 53 percent of eighth graders enrolled in algebra. From 1990 to 2000, national enrollment in algebra courses soared from 16 percent to 24 percent of all eighth graders.

...

The push for universal eighth-grade algebra is based on an argument for equity, not on empirical evidence. General or remedial math courses tend to be curricular dead-ends, leading to more courses with the same title (for example, General Math 9, General Math 10) and no real progression in mathematical content.

(Excerpt) Read more at brookings.edu ...


TOPICS: Culture/Society
KEYWORDS: algebra; education; math; matheducation
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To: reaganaut1

I thought the main goal of teaching algebra to the masses was that it teaches logic.


21 posted on 09/24/2008 1:01:04 AM PDT by donna (Sarah Palin: The Feminist ideal comes to fruition in the Republican Party. Betty Friedan laughs.)
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To: JennysCool
My daughter couldn’t grasp it at all, DB. I think Algebra is the course where our techno-kids — for whom every answer is on Google or on a calculator — hit their Waterloo.

We’re hoping tutoring works — I know I don’t remember enough to help!

Another place to get quick help for specific questions is at Yahoo Answers. There are two separate sections, 'Homework Help' and 'Mathematics' with some really good help offered on a virtually instantaneous basis. I post there quite frequently under the user name "Bob B".

22 posted on 09/24/2008 1:09:55 AM PDT by Bob
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To: reaganaut1

At the very end of 8th grade my math class was taught a bit of pre-algebra. I took it in 9th grade, B average but I didn’t know what I was doing. Did not take it in future grades, had geometry in 10th grade and hated it.

My great aunt was an Algebra teacher in Portland, Maine. My mother excelled in Algebra, she even taught it to my father when he needed it at work. My brother was a whiz at it, only one of four children to get it, and my daughter absolutely loved it, and she loved chemistry even more. I would watch her doing her chemistry homework..solving equations, just whipping through them. She amazed me.


23 posted on 09/24/2008 1:26:40 AM PDT by tina07 (In loving memory of my father,WWII Vet. CBI 10/16/42 - 12/17/45, d. 11/1/85)
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To: Tublecane
I learned Algebra in 8th grade, too and it was 1957. 50 kids in the class and we all passed. Imagine that!!

The same teacher taught ALL the courses...and she wasn't boring. We were taught...If you want a good grade, you're gonna have to work for it. AND THERE WAS NO HOMEWORK.

24 posted on 09/24/2008 3:02:57 AM PDT by Sacajaweau (I'm planting corn...Have to feed my car...)
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To: DB
It was common that you took Algebra 1 followed by Geometry followed by Algebra 2 and then Trig and pre Calculus.

That was the progression for me with it starting in 8th grade, but to take Algebra I in 8th we were tested and it was for "advanced" students. Hated Algebra I...loved Geometry...Algebra II nearly killed me and my parents...Trig went OK...won't mention pre Calc. I met a wall.

25 posted on 09/24/2008 3:16:35 AM PDT by GOP_Proud
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To: DB
It was common that you took Algebra 1 followed by Geometry followed by Algebra 2 and then Trig and pre Calculus.
Similar to my HS years.
I had "Algebra" in the eighth grade though it was more of an intro to Alg than the Full Monty.
26 posted on 09/24/2008 5:09:17 AM PDT by philman_36
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To: tongass kid
Algebra is more than math..

I disagree, Algebra is the introduction to mathematics. Everything that precedes it arithmetic and number theory.

27 posted on 09/24/2008 5:20:29 AM PDT by Jack of all Trades (This line intentionally left blank)
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To: reaganaut1

This is our educational system in a nutshell. All around the world students succeed in 8th grade algebra. This is because they are fortunate to live in places where k-7 prepares them for it.

So when we want to compete do we ramp up our k-7 standards? No. We just dump alot of unprepared 8th graders into a class whose fundamentals they wot not of, then complain about their parents when they fail.

A pox on the education industry!

Bleh.


28 posted on 09/24/2008 5:28:07 AM PDT by Eepsy (12-30-2008 +1)
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To: Tublecane
"Let minorities fend for themselves in the marketplace for a few generations."

Yeh, sure....They learned slogans-- I Am Somebody !

Dam ! Why can no public person admit THERE IS a Bell Curve (Klintoons -Everyone who wants should go to college BS)

29 posted on 09/24/2008 5:37:09 AM PDT by litehaus (A memory tooooo long)
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To: Eepsy
I mean, John Saxon had this figured out decades ago.

It doesn't take a rocket scientist....

30 posted on 09/24/2008 5:39:31 AM PDT by Eepsy (12-30-2008 +1)
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To: Eepsy

My oldest had to take Algebra in 8th grade. Absolutely hated it, nearly failed. Loathed her teacher. (I was no help since I was a “new math” baby from the 60’s and can barely balance my checkbook...ok, maybe not that bad, but you get the drift.)
Anyway, this year she has a teacher that has a totally different teaching style. My kid loves Algebra now and “gets it” and is, so far, at the top of her class.
But since it is public school, that’s all relative, I reckon.

I agree though that not doing any prep work in the early grades is akin to just throwing them to the lions.


31 posted on 09/24/2008 6:02:35 AM PDT by ozark hilljilly (Any candidate that can hunt, field dress and prepare moose gets my vote!)
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To: litehaus

“Why can no public person admit THERE IS a Bell Curve”

Because the bell curves for various racial groups, although they overlap (Thomas Sowell is smarter than the average white person), appear to have quite different means.


32 posted on 09/24/2008 6:35:48 AM PDT by reaganaut1
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To: reaganaut1

Algebra was my favorite class. I took it at least five times. (Drum roll)

It requires some sort of logic that I just don’t possess.


33 posted on 09/24/2008 6:36:53 AM PDT by cyclotic (Support Scouting-Raising boys to be men, and politically incorrect at the same time.)
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To: reaganaut1

I agree that some students who are taking algebra at that age shouldn’t be doing so. This creates a problem because algebra can’t be treated at the level that it should be if the students aren’t mentally prepared.

However, a lot of the problem has to do with the way math is taught at that level. There’s not a lot of focus on concepts. Many students will resort to cramming and succeed because of the way the subject is handled.

Here’s a very basic example:

Take the concept of even and odd numbers and a group of teenagers or adults. Ask them whether six is an even or odd number. Most will know. Next ask these students whether zero is even or odd. Most will have absolutely no idea. Then ask the few who seem confident that zero is even why they think it is so. They won’t be able to tell you. This eye-opening exchange will reveal that the students don’t really know what an even or odd number is. They just have some rough idea that even numbers are “multiples of 2”, but as is clear, they don’t really know what ‘multiple’ means. It’s just some word they heard somewhere. The solution, of course, is to explain to them (in a bit more detail than I will here) that even numbers are of the form a=2b and odd numbers are of the form a=2b + 1 where b is an integer. Now they not only know the answer to the question of parity but they’ll also be able to explain why zero is even. Odds are good that they’ll remember the answer for the rest of their lives.

That’s a very basic example, but it applies to the harder concepts as well. Having a ‘rough idea’ of a concept isn’t always good enough and can make it very hard for students to deal with more advanced classes later on. Their weaknesses will only become amplified in the harder courses.


34 posted on 09/27/2008 4:23:54 AM PDT by NinoFan
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To: NinoFan

succeed should be fail


35 posted on 09/27/2008 4:24:36 AM PDT by NinoFan
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To: reaganaut1

In the developing world — China, India, Vietnam, etc. and in the developed part of Asia (Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong) algebra is mandatory from the 5th or 6th grade onwards. Ditto for France and Germany.


36 posted on 11/10/2008 7:08:42 AM PST by Cronos ("Islam isn't in America to be equal to any other faith, but to become dominant" - Omar Ahmed, CAIR)
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To: JennysCool

A suggestion — take away the calculator: let the kids add, subtract, divide on their own. I’m even in favor of learning log tables. A kid passing junior high should know the squares and cubes up to 20 at least, plus algebra and geometry. Calculus should be there in high school too.


37 posted on 11/10/2008 7:13:04 AM PST by Cronos ("Islam isn't in America to be equal to any other faith, but to become dominant" - Omar Ahmed, CAIR)
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To: DB

actually, math would also help doctors as well — not calculus, but definitely algebra. For the lawyers, they just need to add (more money to their bank accounts) and subract (the money from YOUR bank account) :)


38 posted on 11/10/2008 7:14:35 AM PST by Cronos ("Islam isn't in America to be equal to any other faith, but to become dominant" - Omar Ahmed, CAIR)
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To: joydocsusie
EVEN A PERSON WITH A SERIOUS DISABILITY CAN LEARN ALGEBRA. I KNOW.

Knowing how to post in sentence case as opposed to all caps (ANNOYING!) isn't that big of a handicap to overcome. :)

39 posted on 11/10/2008 7:21:28 AM PST by Travis T. OJustice (Change is not a destination, just as hope is not a strategy.)
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