Posted on 08/17/2008 2:13:47 PM PDT by forkinsocket
Biologists have constructed a genetic map of Europe showing the degree of relatedness between its various populations.
All the populations are quite similar, but the differences are sufficient that it should be possible to devise a forensic test to tell which country in Europe an individual probably comes from, said Manfred Kayser, a geneticist at the Erasmus University Medical Center in the Netherlands.
The map shows, at right, the location in Europe where each of the sampled populations live and, at left, the genetic relationship between these 23 populations. The map was constructed by Dr. Kayser, Dr. Oscar Lao and others, and appears in an article in Current Biology published on line on August 7.
The genetic map of Europe bears a clear structural similarity to the geographic map. The major genetic differences are between populations of the north and south (the vertical axis of the map shows north-south differences, the horizontal axis those of east-west). The area assigned to each population reflects the amount of genetic variation in it.
Europe has been colonized three times in the distant past, always from the south. Some 45,000 years ago the first modern humans entered Europe from the south. The glaciers returned around 20,000 years ago and the second colonization occurred about 17,000 years ago by people returning from southern refuges. The third invasion was that of farmers bringing the new agricultural technology from the Near East around 10,000 years ago.
(Excerpt) Read more at nytimes.com ...
And I see that Dr. Kayser and Dr. Lao (and others) produced a graph using Eigenvector 1 und Eigenvector 2!
Can someone please explain this article to me in 25 words or less.
Damn! That global warming.
This is going to sound like a weird question, but I know almost nothing about genetics. When you inherit genes from your parents, you only inherit half of the DNA, right? So, they only inherited half of their parents DNA, and so forth. So is it possible that by three or four generations, the DNA from some of your ancestors is simply not passed on? I mean, it gets weeded out to the point where, say, I have no DNA at all from my dad’s father’s mom?
You inherit half of each, unless there is a mutation you don’t get something unique, unless there is a reinforcement of a trait due to genes from both.
You can lose a trait, certainly. None at all seems very unlikely after just three generations.
It’s not a perfect 50/50 split between mother and father. When the chromosomes of the sperm and egg line up together in meiosis, they form chiasmata, crosses. The tail end of one chromosome swops for the tail end of another chromosome, repeatedly, up to ten or twelve times for each chromosome (apart from X & Y). So you don’t end up with half of father’s and half of mother’s exact chromosomes, but a set of mixed chromosomes.
Europeans genetics vary semi-predictably according to their location.
Cavalli-Sforza came up with the same results twenty years ago, using less sophisticated analyses.
But Finns are weird.
Don’t know if I can make 25 word or less but basically:
Europe was settled in 3 waves. Europeans (and by extension Americans of European decent) are all the same people but there are little bitty differences.
What it all means is that Englishmen and Irishmen are more closely related than Northern Italians and Southern Italians - something some of us have believed for a long time. Therefore, Ireland should be come part of the UK and everything south of Castel Gandolfo should be declared an independent country and renamed North Lybia.
And Finns are weird.
What I don’t understand about this is why the Mongol and Turkish invasions of Europe or the Arab invasion of Spain didn’t have any effect on the genetics of Europe, or the Roman Empire for that matter.
There seems to be a lot more significant migrations and invasions in European history than the biologists are considering.
Ping.
Does that mean:
Socialists International Suck Underwear?
Stately Intellectuals Startle Uruguay?
So Irving Sews Up?
Some Inventors Seek Utopia?
Saxon Invaders Seem Ugly?
????
Sisu is a Finnish term that could be roughly translated into English as strength of will, determination, perseverance, and acting rationally in the face of adversity. The equivalent in English is "to have guts", and indeed, the word derives from sisus, which means something inner or interior. However, sisu has a long-term element in it; it is not momentary courage, but the ability to sustain the same.In other words: testicular fortitude, and then some.
Well, considering how much Arabs like to integrate with the population they infest, I think at least half of your question has been answered.
Ping
Who says they didn’t ?
More significant oddity, the Hungarians are right there in the bosom of Eastern European genetics, but they are a well-known invader race, with a language totally unrelated to any other in Europe but the Finns - and see how weird THEY are ! So the few thousand Asiatic Hungarian horse-nomads took over lands full of Slavic/Germanic farmers and gave them their language, but genetically, next to nothing.
The same is true of the Turks, btw. The modern people of Anatolia probably look very much like their ancestors did, who lived under the Byzantine Empire.
The answer is that of Cavalli-Sforza - conquests and invasions (where there isn’t wholesale population replacement) do not change the genetics of established agricultural populations very much, because there are generally LOTS more native farmers than invading overlords, these are always a drop in the genetic bucket.
Man, I’m all over the map.
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