Posted on 08/16/2005 1:39:57 PM PDT by jb6
We stand today at an unprecedented turning point in human history. In recent years two versions of ancient history have formed. One, we shall call ‘alternative’ history, the other we shall refer to as ‘official’ history. The former ponders over a variety of anomalies and tries to make sense out of the corpus of evidence, i.e., the pyramids and timelines, why they were built, by whom and when. The latter conducts digs, catalogues pottery shards, and tries to defend its proposal there are no enigmas, and virtually everything is explained.
At one point perhaps as late as fifteen years ago these two camps seem to be engaged in an informal dialogue. That all changed after, 1) the Great Sphinx re-dating controversy caught Egyptologists off guard, and 2) the impact of Chris Dunn's book The Giza Power Plant: Technologies of Ancient Egypt at the end of the last decade.
There is no more dialogue and no more polite, gloves on debate. The proponents of ‘official’ history have taken an increasingly political and ideological approach to the issue. They now do little more than offer pronouncements of the historical ‘truth’ on the one hand, and denounce all those who dare challenge officialdom on the other.
In this context we offer evidence that our ‘scholars’, the gatekeepers who control our institutions of ‘higher learning’, refuse to consider.
The Great Pyramid – Precision Engineering
This colossal structure, the last of the seven ancient wonders and the largest stone building in the world, still provokes awe, controversy and a plethora of theories that inspire bitter debate to this day. Instead of going over the well-established mysteries, we would like to shine new light on this important enigma that appears out of place in ‘Stone Age’ Egypt.
The real challenge the Great Pyramid still poses to us in the opening decade of the Third Millennium is the physical plant itself. Theorists have gone on endlessly speculating about how it was built and the metaphysical, cultural and religious significance and/or symbolism behind its construction. Though several authors have offered tantalising possibilities, none have been conclusively proven.
The mystery remains unsolved.
To begin with, the massive size - the staggering volume and weight of the building blocks - remain problematic. With an estimated 2.3 million blocks with a weight of about 4 million tons, the pyramid is two-thirds the mass of the Hoover Dam. The sheer size and the numbers of blocks that had to be quarried and moved into place, presents numerous architectural, construction and engineering headaches.
These issues have been raised time and again, yet are still unsettled. It is time to move on and define the even more difficult issues. We consider the core ‘hard’ problems to be those that reflect precision engineering and assembly line manufacturing accomplished on a massive scale. The primitive tools scenario concocted by Egyptologists does not explain the following tasks:
Creating precision-cut casing blocks weighing 16 tons, fitted together and held by a super-glue mortar that maintained a tight seal forming a nearly seamless shell. Leveling the 13-acre limestone bedrock base to a degree of accuracy only recently achieved with laser technology. Squaring the base to True North with minimal deviation. Excavating the ‘Descending Passage’ 350 feet into solid bedrock at a 26-degree angle while keeping the tunnel arrow-straight for its (entire) length. Bringing the massive 48-story pyramid together around complex internal structures, retaining the true shape to enable the builders to form the apex. (These internal structures include four enigmatic ventilation shafts and a coffer in the King’s Chamber that is too large to have been moved through the opening. It shows evidence of having been cut with a jewel-tip saw.) Extensive usage of different types of machined granite inside the Great Pyramid chambers.
The father of modern Egyptology, Sir Flinders Petrie, marvelled at the precision and size of the casing blocks. He carefully measured the blocks and found that “the mean thickness of the joints are .020 and therefore, the mean variation of the cutting of the stone from a straight line and from a true square, is but .01 on length of 75 inches up the face, an amount of accuracy equal to most modern opticians’ straight-edges of such a length.” The modern international engineering firm of Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Menendhall conducted a forensic analysis of the Great Pyramid. Their findings are evaluated in an article published in Civil Engineering.
The pyramid was oriented with its major sides either north-south or east-west. This in itself was a remarkable undertaking, given the accuracy to which it was done, because the Egyptians had to perform the work using astronomical or solar observations - the compass had not yet been invented. The dimensions of the pyramid are extremely accurate and the site was levelled within a fraction of an inch over the entire base. This is comparable to the accuracy possible with modern construction methods and laser levelling.1
The summary speaks volumes between the lines. The problems with the Descending Passage are numerous. For starters the tunnel is less than 4 x 4 feet, enough for no more than one excavator wielding a hammer-stone at any given moment. How would our proposed digging crew negotiate the space in the suffocating darkness once they had dug down 50 feet and more? In addition how would the 26-degree angle be set and maintained without lights or levels? The lack of carbon deposits on walls and ceiling indicate that torches were not used.
Once again, Petrie measured the passage and found an amazing accuracy of .020 of an inch over 150 feet and a mere .250 inch over 350 feet of its constructed and excavated length. We submit that this passage with its smooth surfaces, squared shape, and accurate angle could not have been tunnelled with primitive tools and methods.
The Great Pyramid remains the world’s greatest wonder and ancient enigma. We suggest researchers should pay more attention to these details and ask about the materials used inside the Great Pyramid, especially near the ventilation shafts. We now have two doors blocking a very important shaft, the one that pointed to the star Sirius in 2,450 BCE.
The Origin Of Dogs – Biogenetic engineering
Now we turn to a mystery that nearly equals the pyramid, though it is a little known conundrum hidden in the mists of remote antiquity. Let us start with a simple question that appears to have an obvious answer: what is a dog? It turns out geneticists in the past decade have shown the answer is not so obvious. In fact, generations of anthropologists, archaeologists and wildlife biologists turned out to be dead wrong when it came to the origins of “man's best friend”.
Prior to DNA studies conducted in the 1990s, the generally accepted theory posited that dogs branched off from a variety of wild canids, i.e., coyotes, hyenas, jackals, wolves and so on, about 15,000 years ago. The results of the first comprehensive DNA study shocked the scholarly community. The study found that all dog breeds can be traced back to wolves and not other canids. The second part of the finding was even more unexpected - the branching off occurred from 40-150,000 years ago.
Why do these findings pose a problem? We have to answer that question with another question: how were dogs bred from wolves? This is not just difficult to explain, it is impossible. Do not be fooled by the pseudo-explanations put forth by science writers that state our Stone Age ancestors befriended wolves and somehow (the procedure is never articulated) managed to breed the first mutant wolf, the mother of all dogs. Sorry, we like dogs too, but that is what a dog is.
The problems come at the crucial stage of taking a male and female wolf and getting them to produce a subspecies (assuming you could tame and interact with them at all). Let us take this one step further by returning to our original question, what is a dog? A dog is a mutated wolf that only has those characteristics of the wild parent, which humans find companionable and useful. That is an amazing fact.
Think about those statements for a moment. If you are thinking that dogs evolved naturally from wolves, that is not an option. No scientist believes that because the stringent wolf pecking order and breeding rituals would never allow a mutant to survive, at least that is one strong argument against natural evolution.
Now, if our Paleolithic ancestors could have pulled off this feat, and the actual challenges posed by the process are far more taxing, then wolf/dog breeders today certainly should have no problem duplicating it. But like the Great Pyramid, that does not seem to be the case. No breeders have stepped up to the plate claiming they can take two pure wolves and produce a dog sans biogenetic engineering techniques.
The evolution of the domesticated dog from a wild pack animal appears to be a miracle! It should not have happened. This is another unexplained enigma.
Mohenjo Daro – Civil Engineering
Since indoor plumbing did not arrive in modern societies to any extent until the 20th century, and urban planning has still not been adopted much to this date in history, what we find in the ancient city of Mohenjo Daro is anomalous indeed.
This city in the Indus Valley was built on a grid system about 4,500 years ago, obviously planned out and drawn up before the first brick was laid. It had houses, some with indoor plumbing, a granary, baths, an assembly hall and towers all made out of standard size bricks. The streets were about eight to ten feet wide on average, and were built with well-engineered drainage channels.
Mohenjo Daro was divided into two parts; the Citadel was on the upper level and included an elaborate tank called the Great Bath that was made of fine quality brickwork and drains. The Great Bath was 40 feet long and 8 feet deep, a huge public facility by any standards. A giant granary, a large residential building, and several assembly halls were also on this upper level.
The Great Bath was made watertight by the use of two layers of brick, lime-cement and then finally sealed with bitumen (tar). The bath included a shallow section for children.
We should wonder how an ancient culture of which nothing is known, not even their language, created this sophisticated city at a point in time many thousands of years ahead of the curve? Civil engineers do not crawl out of thatched-roof huts able to draw up plans for a complex urban environment. We need to address the following question to archaeologists and historians:
1. Where are the cities that demonstrate the path of urban development, social and technical organisation, leading to Mohenjo Daro? 2. How do you explain the sudden emergence of a complex society when 99.99% of the rest of humanity were living primitively?
These issues cannot be brushed aside with some arrogant pretence that the questions have already been addressed and answered by digging up and labeling pottery shards and other artifacts. We have been and are being overly indulgent with our “soft sciences” regarding their cavalier assertions about having all the answers. In fact, they have very few, so why are they throwing stones at independent researchers from behind glass towers?
Extraordinarily little is known about the Indus Valley civilization that once spanned nearly a thousand miles with other cities matching the description of Mohenjo Daro.
We file this under our list of great enigmas and challenge orthodox scholars to prove differently as with the first two of our mysteries.
We note that the Indus Valley civilisation was contemporary with the Great Pyramid. It is often said this was one of the first three civilisations, having a written script that has never been deciphered. Now we turn next to the mother of all civilisations, Sumer.
Sumeria – The Source Of Civilisation *
Are we missing something or are our historians looking at our earliest civilisations through a strange and distorted lens? Like Egypt and the Indus Valley, the biblical ‘Land of Shinar’ – the birthplace of Abraham - was a brutally hot, largely barren, empty desert with a mighty river cutting a swath through it. Does this sound like the magnet that would attract late Stone Age tribes to hunker down and pull wonders out of a hat?
In fact, historians thought Shinar was a piece of biblical fiction until the mid-19th century, but now they know everything about it with complete certitude that we, the unwashed masses, dare not question. Nonetheless, we encourage readers to maintain an attitude of healthy skepticism and dare to question ‘official history’.
As is the case with the culture that built the cities of the Indus Valley, no one knows who the ancient Sumerians were or where they came from. They called themselves ‘the black-headed ones’and spoke a strange language that was unrelated to the languages of the Semitic tribes in the region. Some linguists note a similarity between the Sumerian language and that of the Basques, another anomalous culture.
We find it curious that any primitive peoples would choose the rigours of a hostile desert environment to settle in and build a civilisation. Why not a gentle river in a forested mountain valley? Especially in light of the fact that Sumeria contained very few resources, no forests, no minerals, not even the rocks that were plentiful in Egypt.
How are we to explain the fact this mysterious culture managed to invent all of the core components of civilisation under such restrictive conditions? It occurs to us that a culture would need minerals like copper, gold, silver and tin immediately available to experiment with over the course of generations in order to create process metallurgy. There is nothing simple or accidental about making the connection between raw ores, the metals they contain, and how to reduce them out of their native state using high heat.
Nevertheless, the Sumerians not only figured out geology, how to obtained the ore, knew the levels of heat needed and how to build kilns to achieve it, they also took very different metals and created the first alloy, bronze. As metal-smiths were performing these feats, other citizens were apparently creating the wheel, building cities, ziggurats, inventing writing, movable type, the ox-drawn plow, cereal crop agriculture, and advanced mathematics, to mention the most notable of their innovations.
Something is wrong with this picture. Most human beings were counting using their fingers, if at all, hunting animals and gathering plants for their meals. Yet, we find the Sumerians in classrooms learning the principles of the sexigesimal math system. Yes, the very same 60-base system we use today to keep track of hours, minutes and seconds. This advanced system was the first to reveal that a circle has 360 degrees and can be subdivided using 60, 30, 15, 12, etc., all fractions of the root number.
Teotihuacán – Anomalous Technical Evidence
Teotihuacán, in Mexico, is an immense, even overwhelming archaeological site, oriented along a twin axis. In the 1960s a team of archaeologists and surveyors mapped out the entire complex in great detail. The resultant map revealed an urban grid centred around two principal, almost perpendicular, alignments.
From the Pyramid of the Moon at the north end, the complex extends south along the Avenue of the Dead beyond the Ciudadela and Great Compound complexes for about 3.2 kilometres. To this north-south axis we must add an east-west alignment that led from a point near the Pyramid of the Sun to a spot of prime astronomical significance on the western horizon.
Anthony Aveni, an astronomer-anthropologist, discovered that on the day the Sun passes directly overhead in the spring of the Northern Hemisphere (May 18), the Pleiades star cluster makes its first annual pre-dawn appearance. It was at this point on the western horizon that the Pleiades set, and the builders aimed the east-west axis.
Additionally, the Sun also sets at this point on the horizon on August 12 - the anniversary of the beginning of the current Mesoamerican calendar cycle (5th Sun) - determined by a consensus of academic and independent scholars to have begun on August 12, 3114 BCE.
It is very clear Teotihuacán was laid out according to a set of alignments that reflected celestial, geographic, as well as geodetic relationships. Walking along the avenue from one pyramid to another, up the steps to the top, and surveying the site from a multitude of angles, one is struck by the sense of being in the middle of some vast geometric matrix.
Teotihuacán was the first true urban centre in the Americas. At its peak around 500 CE, it boasted a population of an estimated 200,000. George E. Stuart, archaeologist and the editor of National Geographic magazine sums up our ignorance:
We speak of it with awe, as we do the pyramids of Egypt, but we still know next to nothing about the origins of the Teotihuacános, what language they spoke, how their society was organised, and what caused their decline.2
As for one the most anomalous of artifacts on the planet, in the 1900s archaeologists discovered a sheet of mica in the upper tiers of the Pyramid of the Sun. This was no ho-hum pottery shard to catalogue and file away in a dusty box, yet that is about how archaeologists treated the find. To anyone with even a smattering of technical knowledge, discovering a large sheet of mica in an ancient pyramid site comes as a shock. In fact, it is one of the great ‘smoking guns’ that turn archaeologists mum.
Mica is an inflammable and non-conductive mineral that grows in fairly weak plate-like structures. It is not at all useful as a structural building material. NASA uses it as a radiation shield in space vehicles. Mica is also utilised in electronic components and microwave ovens, and it is a good shield for electromagnetic radiation, like radio waves. Like the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of the Sun has a subterranean cavity under the middle of the pyramid. A large pyramid with layers of thick mica would be an excellent EMI shield.
Its placement in the complex raises questions that we could only answer today after the development of electronic, atomic and space age technologies.
Thick sheets of mica were also found by archaeologists about 400 meters down the avenue from the Sun Pyramid, these precision-cut sheets were of considerable size: 27.5 meters square. They were located under a rock-slab floor of a complex now called “the Mica Temple”.
What possible reason could the builders have had for including a layer of mica in any structure? It was obviously not decorative. To add greatly to the growing mystery, the particular mica used was traced to Brazil. Now we are getting in deep. How would a supposedly indigenous “Stone Age” culture know that mica existed 3,200 kilometres away in the jungles of Brazil? Not only that, how did they transport these large sheets over that long distance intact without wheeled vehicles? Surely not via relay teams on foot travelling overland! No large sea-going boats or ports have ever been found in ancient Mexico.
High Technology In Stone Age Peru
Lake Titicaca borders Bolivia and Peru in the Andes. The highest large lake in the world, there are many signs it was once exposed to the ocean. Megalithic structures like the Gateway of the Sun in Tiahuanacu, Bolivia, also indicate a long lost past. The gateway was carved out of one solid block, the hard way to make a gate.
Moving northward near Cuzco, Peru, we find even more large, impressive and mysterious structures. Here we find walls built with complex jigsaw type megalithic blocks similar to the more familiar walls found at nearby Machu Picchu. Some of the megalithic structures contain complex cut-rocks weighing over 100 tons; a few were joined together by bronze clamps. Some of the bronze had obviously been poured in place, a skill not available in pre-Columbian Peru.
Like Sumer, the high Andes is an unlikely location for Stone Age cities, evidence of advanced technologies, and seminal agricultural discoveries. It is well established that the region around Tiahuanco, at 12,500 feet elevation, had been turned into a highly productive agricultural zone. That was achieved by the building of dikes, dams, canals and raised beds that created micro-climates which protected the plants from frost.
We have attempted to show our planet is full of ancient wonders and mysteries that have yet to be solved. You can find more information as well as our theories on who and what created these enigmas in our books, The Genesis Race (by Will Hart) and Ancient Gods and Their Mysteries: Will They Return in 2012 AD? (by Robert Berringer).
Footnotes:
1. `Program Management BC', Civil Engineering, June 1999, Craig Smith, P.E., 2. `The Timeless Vision of Teotihuacán', National Geographic Magazine, December 1995
Doggie Ping to Mystery No. 2 on the list:
"The Origin Of Dogs – Biogenetic engineering
Now we turn to a mystery that nearly equals the pyramid, though it is a little known conundrum hidden in the mists of remote antiquity. Let us start with a simple question that appears to have an obvious answer: what is a dog? It turns out geneticists in the past decade have shown the answer is not so obvious. In fact, generations of anthropologists, archaeologists and wildlife biologists turned out to be dead wrong when it came to the origins of “man's best friend”.
This is really neat and fascinating!
Thanks for finding and posting it.
Oh, for pete's sake! Just watch Stargate SG-1.
I belong to that same club. I also never dismiss anything, and I hope I never dogmatically accept anything.
In fact, I believe that an updated edition of Forbidden Archeology is way overdue.
I don't find the dog mystery all that compelling, given the time available. A single breeding pair of wolf pups would produce offspring. If all of the agressive ones were killed and eaten and the less agressive were kept to breed, eventually, generation after generation, you have a non-agressive or only slightly agressive animal we call a dog. I don't think this would take more than 5-6 human generations.
bump for later readings
bump for later read
http://www.crystalinks.com/ancientaircraft.html
Supposedly it was debunked as natural erosion of the original carvings...but still...it's eerie.
The only attempt to debunk the Abydos figures that I've seen is an argument by a traditional Egyptologist that they are the result of overlaying an earlier inscription with a newer one.
While the statement by the Egyptologist that this was a common practice is indeed true (prime advertising space has always been a premium, even in ancient times), her assertion that a random overlay of one inscription by another could produce an assemblage of so many such clearly discernable and immediately recognizable vehicular figures is simply absurd. It beggared the limits of probability and demanded that one ignore the evidence of their own eyes.
I think the biggest "fault" of archeologists is their stiff-necked attitude to anything that contradicts their safely constructed "knowledge" about prehistory..
While I believe the Egyptian culture ( or pre-egyptian culture) is older than egyptologists believe, and the Sphynx is older than they believe as well, ( It has been "changed" by later cultures but may be the earliest monumental structure ) I don't believe there is anything that mysterious in the building of the pyramids..
Determination of true north is not a problem.. They were astronomers as much as they were astrologers..
Simple geometry and triangulation takes care of layout and dimensions..
As for the blocks, there are many ways of moving large blocks, large weights..
And let's remember something else..
The Nile river has changed it's course to the sea since then.. The Nile once ran much closer to the city and the building site back then.. Much Closer..
Super Glue Mortar? Try Limestone cement.. Take limestone.. crush it to a powder.. Heat it.. You have cement.. mix with water.. now you have mortar.. cement your two blocks together..
By the way, If you take that limestone mortar, mix with water, pour it into a form and let it set, you end up with...
A large Limestone block.. Geez.. Whoulda thunk it??
As for leveling the base..
Did these geniuses realize one of the properties of water is that when poured over a surface, it becomes it's own level?
Water poured over the base will show ANY "high spots" and they can then be addressed until the entire surface is smooth...
The King's Coffer.. simple.. when you get to that level, put the coffer there.. keep building..
I won't even go into the rest.. They knew what angles were..
DOGS..
Not much to say here.. Just..
Russian Fox Farms..
Over a relatively short time, foxes bred domestically for their furs.. began to change color.. developed different characteristics than their wild brothers and sisters..
Became domesticated..
I am willing to bet that wolves react almost exactly the same way to domestication over several hundred generations, resulting in a "wolf" that is psychologically different from the wild wolf, and has developed physical characteristics ( like a "colored" and "spotted" coat ) that distinguishes them from the common wolf..
Over time, those domesticated wolves, (proto dogs) will be selectively bred, favored characteristics gaining "breeding rights" with other favored characteristics, and soon there you go.. DOGS..
Ancient Civilisations..
Come and go.. Invasion, War, Plague, Dark Ages for whatever reason..
We know of the "legend" of SOMA, some "wild and crazy" drug that the Indus Valley people got hooked on..
Legend says it was banned, on penalty of death, it was so bad for the culture..
Civilization and Progress, unchecked, might have resulted in our advancement to our present level 2,000 years ago. Or not...
We'll never know... Just enjoy the discoveries and don't dwell on it too much..
Mexicans didn't have to know mica existed in Brazil, 3,200 miles away..
The Brazilians knew it.. They were there.. with the mica.. it was cool stuff.. you could see light through it..
You could see FIRE through it..
( That's what always impressed ME, looking through the mica window on our oil heater as a kid.. )
I'm pretty sure the brazilians figured that they would be able to get some other cool stuff in trade for mica..
I bet they Did Get Some Cool Stuff.
Machu Pichu..
Look, don't say someone used poured molten metal to make clamps in one breath, and then say they didn't have the technology in next..
Next thing you know, you'll be throwing me out of your hut for "blowing hot and cold air" from my mouth..
It makes you sound real stupid..
( Poster, I don't mean you.. I am referring to the fantasy writer that did the article.. )
Last one, Tihuanco..
Hey, the weather was different back then..
The irrigation failed when the weather changed, and the "big drought" began..
And then the civilization that put it all together fell..
So, anyways, about the only thing in this article I "sort of" agree with is that civilization in the Nile Valley is probably older than egyptologists want to admit..
The rest is wild speculation based on some interesting facts.. sometimes based on wild speculation..
I am not impressed..
If I wanted this kind of crap to believe in, I can still pull out my dog-eared copy of "Chariots of the Gods"... Von Daniken, you wild-eyed hypothesizer, you started all of this stuff.. Nobody holds a candle to you..
I think Von Daniken ripped off The Morning of The Magicians, a more interesting book.
About 20 years ago one of the wise-guy electronic techs in our group posted a clipping he had found somewhere. It stated that the pyramids were constructed of cast concrete blocks. The proof? The grain of the plywood used in the forms was visible!
No they didn't "reveal" it. They arbitrarily divided a circle in 360 parts. Why Base 60? Maybe because it "can be subdivided using 60, 30, 15, 12, etc., all fractions of the root number." Duh. Much less hassle dealing with fractions than Base 10.
No one has answered how the many varieties of dogs originated from. If you mate two of a kind how could they turn out something entirely different especially when so many of the original dog exists still mating and producing their own likeness?
Regarding pyramids precision-cut casing blocks weighing 16 tons; Why is it so hard for people to believe in both creationsim and evolution? IMO, one required the other in order to create so much on such a small planet. Besides, I'm not arrogant enough to assume we're the only shlebs in existance while so many galaxies exist. What a cruel joke if we were. I have owned many televisions so far and I'm already bored out of my skull. Please, oh please tell me there's more to life than an ipod and Tommy Hilfiger!
BUMP!
I read Graham Hancock's "Finger Prints of the Gods" a few years back and his concepts were interesting. In a nut shell, he suggested that the sphinx was once a lion. He said the head of the sphinx is severely out of scale in comparison to it's body, suggesting an early Pharaoh put his own face on there.
He goes on stating that the pyramids and out lying other ruins, combined with the Sphinx(which faces dead nuts due east), make a map of the constellations Orion and Leo 20,000 some years ago, as seen from one of the tomb vents of the great Pyramid.
IOW...this was built to show that man or whoever, built this area at a time when galactic rotation, showed the two constellations were positioned there, ....and there...
I found it intriguing.
Thanks so VERY much for posting those photos, Mr. Smarty Pants Debuker! Now how am I supposed to unload all this tinfoil? /sarc
BTW, the corner angles don't look at all like "perfect right angles", either.
As to the facing stones, were they not cut slightly oversized, then ground to fit?
I wonder if the Egyptians & others used chalk to snap a cutting line? They always had 'building lines' as part of their layout & measuring tool kit. Rubbing chalk or soot into the string, stretching, and snapping wouldn't have been that hard a trick.
Through the simple and well documented agent of human breeders. It's simply a process of selecting for a given trait. If one of the pups is taller or stronger or faster or shows more promise on the hunt you breed it with the most promising pup for that quality of the opposite sex and kill or neuter the rest. Do this for a few generations and the trait is established. Keep selecting for the trait among the pups that exhibit it and get rid of the rest.
It works for plants as well as animals. Natural almonds are inedible because they contain enough of a cyanide compound to sicken anyone who eats them. In the past 2000 or 3000 years mutants deficient in cyanide occurred and were selected for, actively bred to produce edible almonds. It's known as artificial selection.
Perhaps the pyramids were landing platforms for alien spacecraft.
...Naaah, too Daniel Jackson.
Ummmm.
"Leveling the 13-acre limestone bedrock base to a degree of accuracy only recently achieved with laser technology. "
Water makes it easy.
Using a compass for figuring direction is much harder than doing it astronomically. To figure east and west perfectly, all you need is a large pointed pole. Once you have that, a long string will get you the perpendiculars.
I quit after that.
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