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WHERE DID ALL THE JOBS GO?
Chronicles [Extra] ^ | February 24, 2004 | Paul Craig Roberts

Posted on 02/26/2004 3:09:59 PM PST by A. Pole

Since January 2001, a three-year period during which the economy has experienced one year of recession and two years of recovery, the U.S. economy has lost 2.6 percent of its private-sector jobs. These losses are not evenly distributed. Construction employment has declined by only 0.1 percent, and employment in oil and gas extraction by 0.7 percent.

Employment declines in manufacturing and knowledge jobs, however, have been dramatic.

Tables prepared by Charles McMillion of MBG Information Services from government data show employment in primary metals down 24 percent; machinery 21.6 percent; computer and peripheral equipment 28 percent; communications equipment 38.8 percent; semiconductors and electronic components 37 percent; electrical equipment and appliances 22.8 percent; textile mills 34.1 percent; apparel 37.3 percent; chemicals 8.3 percent; plastics and rubber products 13.8 percent; Internet publishing and broadcast 40 percent; telecommunications 19.4 percent; ISPs, search portals, data processing 22.6 percent; securities, commodity, investments 6.8 percent; computer systems design and related 17 percent.

Where has employment grown? Private service sector jobs have declined by 0.1 percent. Growth in state education jobs and local government jobs has boosted overall service employment by 0.6 percent.

During the past 12 months, the second year of economic recovery, the U.S. economy eked out 57,000 net new jobs in nontradable low-pay services, leaving the economy millions of jobs short of normal performance.

This is not a picture of an economy that is doing well. Low income jobs in nontradable services are the only sources of employment, while high value-added jobs that pay good incomes continue to disappear.

This job record is not one of a powerful U.S. economy dominating world markets and building consumer incomes for sustained recovery. It is not a record that promises jobs for university graduates. It is not a record that promises a future.

Economists have apologies, but no real explanations, for the loss of jobs in tradable goods and services. They are careful not to blame outsourcing of manufacturing and service jobs, which they claim creates as many new jobs as it loses.

Outsourcing platforms, especially the knowledge jobs platforms in India, are commissioning U.S. think tanks and consultants to do "independent" studies that prove "outsourcing is good for the U.S." Certainly, the people who are benefiting from outsourcing want us to think it is good for us.

For years as U.S. multinationals moved manufacturing offshore, Americans were told that their future was in "knowledge jobs." Today, knowledge jobs are being moved offshore more rapidly than manufacturing jobs were.

What are the unemployed computer engineers and information technology workers supposed to retrain for? What high value-added job can't be outsourced? Only those in the nontradable sector, such as dentists and surgeons. If everyone becomes a dentist or a surgeon, those incomes will be driven down.

Many young engineering graduates have discovered that they invested in acquiring skills for which there are no jobs and are headed to law schools in an effort to retrieve their future. I know young software engineers who are substitute teachers in middle schools, and others who are trying to organize rock bands to play the club and bar circuits.

They have no idea what to retrain for, and neither do the economists who tell them retraining is the answer.

What is happening is easy to discern from the daily announcements of the multinationals themselves. Cheap foreign labor is being substituted for U.S. labor over a wide range of goods and services produced for U.S. markets. Americans are losing the incomes associated with the production of the goods and services that they consume. Because of extraordinary differences in domestic prices and living standards, foreign labor can offer its services to U.S. capital and technology for far lower wages than can Americans. Capitalists maximize profits, not employment in their home countries.

This is a new development. Until the collapse of world socialism and the rise of the Internet, first world capital stayed in the first world, and offshore production was not the motive of foreign investment. As offshore production takes hold and spreads, the United States will lose more high value-added jobs.

A rise in Asian currency values could dampen and eventually end the exodus of jobs from America. The question is: How long does the exodus last before there is a new equilibrium?

In an important new work in trade theory (Global Trade and Conflicting National Interests, MIT Press, 2000), Ralph E. Gomory and William J. Baumol show that it very much matters which industries and occupations countries retain. They explode the free trade assumption that free trade always produces mutual gains. Gomory and Baumol show that in many cases, perhaps a majority, gains for countries come at the expense of other countries. The authors explain why the "man in the street," so derided by economists, is right in his understanding that free trade produces winners and losers.

University of Maryland economist Herman Daly has been making this point for 15 years and Senator Charles Schumer and I more recently. Now, Gomory and Baumol have provided powerful demonstration that trade has winners and losers. Right now, the United States is losing.


TOPICS: Business/Economy; Culture/Society; Foreign Affairs; Government
KEYWORDS: economy; free; jobmarket; jobs; layoffs; market; outsourcing; paulcraigroberts; trade
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To: AreaMan
45K? Where can I apply? Thats more than I make as a Mechanical Engineer!
81 posted on 02/26/2004 9:33:06 PM PST by RaceBannon (John Kerry is Vietnam's Benedict Arnold: Former War Hero turned Traitor)
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To: Jorge
wages are plummeting in Connecticut, not going up.
82 posted on 02/26/2004 9:35:17 PM PST by RaceBannon (John Kerry is Vietnam's Benedict Arnold: Former War Hero turned Traitor)
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To: optimistically_conservative
Excellent article. Thanks. It looks like it could have been written yeastrday.

Only we're much further along the curve than we were back then...
83 posted on 02/26/2004 9:40:16 PM PST by null and void (A recession is when your neighbor is unemployed, a depression is when YOU are unemployed...)
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To: optimistically_conservative
That's ironic because Paul Craig Roberts was on Reagan's economic team and was one of the founders of supply side economics.

When he says stuff like this, it's a bit frightening.
84 posted on 02/26/2004 9:49:20 PM PST by Schattie (-censored-)
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To: dyno35
And - correct me if I'm wrong - but didn't teh democrats always rely on the Household Survey when Klintoon was in power?
85 posted on 02/26/2004 10:14:06 PM PST by bolobaby
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To: belmont_mark
60- excellent evaluation - too many ignore too many parts of the equation and are giving away the keys to the kingdom.
86 posted on 02/26/2004 10:54:06 PM PST by XBob
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To: driftless
It should be obvious to the great majority of Americans that capitalism has worked out great for most Americans and will continue to do so.

. The reason it has worked is because the capital that these companies made before free trade was invested back inside the borders of our country in factory expansions and modernization and the building of new factories which in turn created more jobs.

You cannot create new jobs of any kind without capital to invest. That money is gone, overseas, it's not hear building factories,it's creating jobs in Red China and elsewhere. That's where the jobs are going. Jobs follow the money, always have, always will.

If you want your business to grow you have to put money into it. If you want your checking account to grow you have to put money in it.If you want your country to grow you have to put money in it.If you keep taking out more than you put in you're going to come up empty.

Those of you who laugh and say it can't happen to me, well I can introduce to about 9,000 people who where saying the same thing about 7 yrs ago.It started in the early 70's before some of you where born.

We watched the others go for 25yrs. before they got to us, the steel mills, oil companies, appliance manufacturers,the textile, the shipbuilding, the auto workers, all the support industries ,parts and equipment makers and the construction trades etc. etc. they're gone and the fraction that's left of these skilled workers, that are working, are doing so at greatly reduced wages and benefits.

The reason they're getting to the high tech is because they already got most of the good paying blue collar workers. If you are making good wages with good benefits you can bet one thing you're next. If they can get it done cheaper, and they can, they will. If you're in you're late 20's early 40's and have a good paying job, better start reducing you're debt load if you can, you're in the crunch zone .

87 posted on 02/27/2004 1:01:49 AM PST by mississippi red-neck
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To: Schattie
That's true and a very good point.
88 posted on 02/27/2004 4:58:36 AM PST by optimistically_conservative (If consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds, John F. Kerry’s mind must be freaking enormous. T.B.)
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To: belmont_mark
Bump I do believe that Smith was a Scottish nationalist who wanted to use free trade to break the yoke of the nasty English.
89 posted on 02/27/2004 8:41:43 AM PST by junta
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To: Robert_Paulson2
When do I get my global citizen ID card so I can burn it?
90 posted on 02/27/2004 8:46:31 AM PST by GraniteStateConservative (...He had committed no crime against America so I did not bring him here...-- Worst.President.Ever.)
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To: driftless
"Americans should understand that it is pointless to try to save jobs that can't or shouldn't be saved."

Why shouldn't they be saved?

Income taxes destroy a lot of jobs. Why not lower income taxes and raise a tariff?

Government has to get money from someplace and personally I'd rather pay more for imports than pay as much as I do in income taxes.
91 posted on 02/27/2004 10:03:49 AM PST by Tauzero
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To: GraniteStateConservative
When do I get my global citizen ID card so I can burn it?


...isn't that the truth!
92 posted on 02/27/2004 12:36:12 PM PST by Robert_Paulson2 (smaller government? you gotta be kidding!)
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To: keithtoo
"Are you a Republican or a Republican't?"

Whenever I hear that line, I reach for my gun.
93 posted on 02/27/2004 12:43:23 PM PST by RockChucker
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To: driftless
They should especially hammer home the point that governments do not create wealth...business does.


"the power to tax is the power to destroy."
governments destroy wealth by faulty taxation policies, unfair trade laws and inequitous tariffs, as in the phony NAFTA agreements and the World Trade Organization.

all designed to destroy and export American's wealth to the poorer, underpriviledged souls in third world nations... 'from each according to his means to each according to his needs'
they get our jobs and our wealth.
we get a lower standard of living, longer work hours and less benefits. They get more of the same. It's all so, you know, "more equal."

of course the fact that "from each according to..." is marxian communism, doesn't escape the rest of us.
Worldwide socialism has just about got the whole ball of string, and we THINK we are free. hah.

the outsourcing of american jobs is indefensible.
I, and many other Americans believe this is communism at it's heart.
as are those who support it.

nice to see they are redefining capitalism, into socialistic communism... and telling us we don't "understand" what capitalism really means.

no sale here pal.
a duck is a duck.
94 posted on 02/27/2004 12:46:24 PM PST by Robert_Paulson2 (smaller government? you gotta be kidding!)
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To: ninenot
Here's a bargain: we'll substitute a tariff for ALL Corporate and Personal Income taxes...Deal??

I would certainly approve that deal in a New York minute. But my guess is that we would see a combined 'Chorus' of 'bipartisan' ridicule against the idea. The RATs would say that it 'rewards the rich' and the GOP would claim that it 'Unfairly punishes American Business and the economy'.... well, maybe they would come up with something more persuasive....but that is the gist of it.

And GWB has not been in favor of doing anything this boldly dramatic. He sure wasn't in 2000 and hasn't changed since. Keyes was the closest thing we had to a 'revenue tariff' guy back then. He still regards the income tax as unconstitutional.

95 posted on 02/27/2004 1:18:07 PM PST by Paul Ross ("A country that cannot control its borders isn't really a country any more."-President Ronald Reagan)
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To: driftless
Interestingly, many economists are not capitalism supporters. My econ prof at Berkeley was an outright socialist. He taught that capitalism was only supported by people who got rich and that they lied to gain support. Many people believed him, (he supported the idea of a 200 mpg car that was being hidden from the public by the car and gas companies, what a jerk).

Anyway, you need to have people the people believe doing this country wide teaching. Also people need to learn about investment, most have no idea. Bush's re-election depends on him convincing the voters that the economy is doing well and that his tax cuts are the cause. As pointed out by Tony Snow on Fox today, the dems have no other issue to argue with Bush about.
96 posted on 02/27/2004 1:27:46 PM PST by KC_for_Freedom (Sailing the highways of America, and loving it.)
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To: mississippi red-neck
You cannot create new jobs of any kind without capital to invest. That money is gone, overseas, it's not hear building factories,it's creating jobs in Red China and elsewhere. That's where the jobs are going. Jobs follow the money, always have, always will.

One problem with your analysis is that the money is not static, and more is being generated each year. There are many companies who went abroad for cheaper labor only to discover that human error (Mexico) and low productivity (India) more than even out the cheap labor. They are now evaluating whether the job move was a smart one.

Its easier to move phone answering jobs offshore, because the cost of capital is much less and long distance phone costs have come down. So some jobs may go overseas and stay. But the world was not a static thing when you and I started work. I remember a book on the accelerating rate of change by Alvin Tofler, Future Shock. We don't hear much about this anymore, but the times change with amazing rapidity due to the internet and employment will just have to change with it. Have a little faith that our country has the means to compete despite what the socialist unions are doing in our schools.

97 posted on 02/27/2004 1:43:26 PM PST by KC_for_Freedom (Sailing the highways of America, and loving it.)
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To: Jorge
True. Employers have been squeezing more production out of fewer workers. But increased productivity is the driving force behind higher living standards.

Actually, free trade-guru Peter Drucker is extremely skeptical of the productivity gains being asserted. Mere substitution via outsourcing of high-cost U.S. labor with the low-cost foreign sources may be creating all of this anamolous 'productivity'...even though the foreign outsourced labor could be horrifically inefficient.

98 posted on 02/27/2004 1:50:16 PM PST by Paul Ross ("A country that cannot control its borders isn't really a country any more."-President Ronald Reagan)
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To: Paul Ross; ninenot
Here's a bargain: we'll substitute a tariff for ALL Corporate and Personal Income taxes...Deal?? ~ ninenot

I would certainly approve that deal in a New York minute. But my guess is that we would see a combined 'Chorus' of 'bipartisan' ridicule against the idea. The RATs would say that it 'rewards the rich' and the GOP would claim that it 'Unfairly punishes American Business and the economy'.... well, maybe they would come up with something more persuasive....but that is the gist of it. ~ Paul Ross

What they'll ultimately "give" us is a minuscule temporary tax cut AND high tariffs...

99 posted on 02/27/2004 1:50:47 PM PST by null and void
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To: Robert_Paulson2
Yes indeed. At its dirty heart, the Third Way is redder than red!
100 posted on 02/27/2004 2:13:09 PM PST by GOP_1900AD (Un-PC even to "Conservatives!" - Right makes right)
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